Üretimden Bağımsız Tarımsal Destekler Üretimi ve Ticareti Nasıl Etkiler?

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 33, 43 - 53, 29.09.2023

Erdem Bulut

Abstract

Tarımsal destekler dünya genelinde önemli bir tartışma konusudur. Bunun nedeni, özellikle üretime bağımlı desteklerin oluşturduğu arz fazlasının iç ve dış piyasada yarattığı bozucu etkilerdir. Nitekim bu etkinin sonucu olarak küresel ticaret ile küresel refah önemli derecede daralmaktadır. 1995 yılında imzalan Tarım Anlaşması ile tarımsal desteklerin üretim etkisini sınırlamak için gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler üretimden bağımsız desteklere yönelmiştir. Amaç, tarımsal desteklerin üretimi ve ticareti ya hiç etkilememesi ya da çok az etkilemesidir. Ancak üretimden bağımsız desteklerin üretim etkisine yönelik özellikle son dönemde yapılan çalışmalar, bu tür desteklerin üretimi önemli derecede etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, Dünya Ticaret Örgütü bünyesinde devam eden yeni tur müzakerelerin en ihtilaflı konularından birini oluşturan üretimden bağımsız destekler ile bu desteklerin üretim etkisine ışık tutmaktadır. Çalışmanın odak noktası, üretimden bağımsız desteklerin üretimi hangi kanallar aracılığıyla nasıl etkilediğini göstermektir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda, çok taraflı ticaret müzakerelerinin taraflarından biri olan Türkiye’nin tarımsal destekleme politikaları için farklı bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Dünya Ticaret Örgütü, Tarım Anlaşması, tarımsal destekleme politikası, üretimden bağımsız destekler

How Do Decoupled Agricultural Supports Affect Production and Trade?

Abstract

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