A Research On Determination Barriers to Innovation in Rural Tourism Enterprises

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 340 - 353, 24.07.2019

Sibel Sü Eröz

Öz

The purpose of this research is
to determine the
perception of rural tourism managers to innovation barriers. Furthermore it was
tried to determine the relationship between the demographic characteristics of
the managers, characteristics of enterprises and the perception of innovation
barriers.Findings obtained from the research determined that; while the highest
average of the perception to innovation barriers regarding to “Innovate in our
business involves high risk in terms of cost” expression in intra-business, “I
think that the bureaucracy is high in all the supports (financial, legal, etc.)
of the state which have an impact on innovation” in extra-business.As a result
of the tested hypotheses; there is no significant difference between the age of
the managers and the perception of innovation barriers, on the other hand there
is a significant difference between the gender, educational level, tourism
education, experience in the enterprises, sector experience and the perception
of innovation barriers. In addition, there is a significant difference between
species of enterprises, ownership status, occupancy rate, period of operation
and types of innovation in enterprise and the perception of innovation barriers
as the characteristics of the business. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

innovation, barriers to innovation, rural tourism

Kırsal Turizm İşletmelerinde Yenilik Engellerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Öz

Araştırmanın temel amacı; kırsal turizm işletmecilerinin yenilik
engellerine yönelik algılarının belirlenmesidir. Ayrıca araştırmada
işletmecilerin demografik özellikleri ve işletme özellikleri değişkenleri ile
yenilik engelleri algısı arasındaki farklılıklar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgularda; işletme içi yenilik engelleri algılarında en yüksek
ortalama  “İşletmemizde yenilik yapmak,
maliyet açısından yüksek risk içermektedir” ifadesine aitken, işletme dışı
yenilik engellerinde en yüksek ortalama “Devletin yenilik üzerine etkisi olan
tüm desteklerinde (finansal, hukuksal vb.) bürokrasinin yüksek olduğunu
düşünüyorum” ifadesine ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Test edilen hipotezler
sonucunda; işletmecilerin demografik özelliklerinden yaş değişkeni ile yenilik
engelleri algısı arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken; cinsiyet, eğitim
durumu, turizm eğitimi alma durumu, işletmede çalışma süresi, turizm
işletmelerinde çalışma süresi değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık
bulunmaktadır sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, işletme özelliklerinden olan,
işletmenin türü, sahiplik durumu, doluluk oranı, faaliyet dönemi ve işletmede
yapılan yenilik türleri değişkenleri ile yenilik engelleri arasında anlamlı bir
farklılık bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yenilik, yenilik engelleri, kırsal turizm

Kaynakça

• Anamaria, R. ve Maria-Cristina, I. (2013), “Consumers Perception on Innovation in the Tourism Value Chain”. The Annals of The University of Oradea, s.815-824.
• Baldwin J. ve Lin Z. (2002), “Impediments to Advanced Technology Adoption for Canadian Manufacturers”, Research Policy 31, s.1-18.
• Benavente, J. M. (2006), “The Role of Research and Innovation in Promoting Productivity in Chile”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 15(4/5), s.301–315.
• Birgit P., Mike P. ve Chung-Shing C. (2018), “Needs, Drivers and Barriers of Innovation: The Case of an Alpine Community-Model Destination”, Tourism Management Perspectives, Vol. 25, s.53-63.
• Bogliacino F. ve Pianta M. (2010), Profits, R&D and Innovation: a Model and a Test. JRC Technical Notes, Ipts Working Paperon Corporate R&D And Innovation - No. 05, Publications Office of the European Union.
• Chang, S., Gong, Y. ve Shum, C. (2011), “Promoting Innovation in Hospitality Companies through Human Resource Management Practices”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30 (4), s.812-818.
• Chen B. T. (2017), “Service Innovation Performance in the Hospitality Industry: The Role of Organizational Training, Personal-Job Fit and Work Schedule Flexibility”, Journal of Hospitality Marketing& Management, 26:5, s.474-488. Christie M. ve Jurado R. G. (2009), “Barriers to Innovation in Online Pedagogy”, European Journal of Engineering Education, 34:3, s.273-279.
• Demirbas D., Hussain J. G. ve Harry M. (2011), “Owner-Managers’ Perceptions of Barriers to Innovation: Empirical Evidence From Turkish SMEs”, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 18, No. 4, s.764-780.
• Freel, M. S. (2000), “Barriers to Product Innovation in Small Manufacturing Firms”, International Small Business Journal, 18 (2), s.60-80.
• Grant, D. (2016), Barriers to Public Sector Innovation, Doctoral Thesis, Northumbria University.
• Hadjimanolis, A. (1999), “Barriers To Innovation For SMEs In A Small Less Developed Country (Cyprus)”. Technovation, Vol.19, No. 9, s.561-570.
• Hall B. H., Lotti F. ve Mairesse J. (2009), “Innovation and Productivity in SMEs: Empirical Evidence for Italy”, Small Business Economics, 33, s.13-33.
• Liang-Hung L. ve Iuan-Yuan L. (2007), “Product Quality as A Determinant of Product Innovation: An Empirical Analysis of The Global Automotive Industry”, Total Quality Management&Business Excellence, 17:2, s.141-147.
• Liangxing S., Xiangyu W., Hongyi S. ve Zhen H. (2016), “The Impact of Technological Innovation on Product Quality: The Moderating Role of Firm Size”, Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 29, s.7-8.
• Lim E. S. ve Shyamala N. (2007), “Obstacles to Innovation: Evidence From Malaysian Manufacturing Firms”, Munich Personal RePEc Archive, s.1-25.
• Lorenz, R., Burger, T. ve Hottum, P. (2012), “Barriers to Service Innovation- Perspectives from Research and Practice”, Management of Innovation and Technology (ICMIT), 2012 IEEE International Conference, s.710-717.
• Lööf H. ve Heshmati A. (2007), “On The Relationship Between Innovation and Performance: A Sensitivity Analysis”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 15:4-5, s.317-344.
• Madrid-Guijarro A., Garcia D. ve Van Auken H. (2009), “Barriers to Innovation among Spanish Manufacturing SME”, Journal of Small Business Management, 47 (4), s.465-488.
• Millman, A. F. (1982), “Understanding Barriers to Product Innovation at the R&D/ Marketing Interface”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 16, Issue: 5, s.22-34.
• Mohnen, P. ve J. M. Rosa (2002), “Barriers to Innovation in Service Industries in Canada,” in Institutions and Systems in the Geography of Innovation, M. Feldman and N. Massard (eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, s.231-250.
• Nagano, M. S., Stefanovitz, J. P. ve Guimaraes, T. (2016), “Assessing Some Important Factors to Reduce Obstaclesi in Product Innovation”, International Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 20, No. 3, s.1-29.
• Najda-Janoszka M. ve Kopera S. (2014), “Exploring Barriers to Innovation in Tourism Industry-The Case of Southern Region of Poland”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, s.190-201.
• Neumeier S. ve Pollermann K. (2014), “Rural Tourism As Promoter of Rural Development-Prospects and Limitations: Case Study Findings From A Pilot Project Promoting Village Tourism”, European Countryside 4, s.270-296.
• Oslo Manual (2005), Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation Data, A joint publication of OECD and Eurostat, Organization for Economic CoOperation and Development. Statistical Office of the European Communities.
• Ottenbacher M. C. (2007), “Innovation Management in the Hospitality Industry: Different Strategies for Achieving Success”, Journal of Hospitality&Tourism Research , 31, s.431-454.
• Ottenbacher, M. Shaw V. ve Lockwood A. (2006), “An Investigation of the Factors Affecting Innovation Performance in Chain and Independent Hotels”, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality&Tourism, 6:3-4, s.113-128.
• Özgürel G., Alkan Ö., ve Karaman M. (2016), “Sanat Köylerinin Kırsal Turizm Açısından Önemi: Dibeklihan Kültür ve Sanat Köyü Örneği”, Uluslararası Sosyal ve Ekonomik Bilimler Dergisi , 6 (2), s.89-94.
• Pianta, M. ve Vaona, A. (2007), “Innovation and Productivity in European Industries”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 16 (7), s.485–499.
• Popa, I. L., Preda, G., ve Boldea, M. (2010), “A Theoretical Approach of The Concept Of Innovation”, Managerial Challenges of the Contemporary Society, (1), s.151-156.
• Rogers, E. M. (1995), Diffusion of Innovations, Collier Macmillan Publisher, New York.
• Sabuncu, B. (2014), “KOBİ’lerde Yenilik ve Engellerinin Tespitine Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Denizli Örneği”, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, C.6, S.1, s.103-123.
• Sekaran, U. (2003), Research Methods For Business A Skill Bulding Approach, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
• Shirandula D. (2017), Innovation Barriers and Proactive Work Behaviour: Lessons from Selected Hotels in Nairobi City, Kenya, Utafiti Foundation, Kenya.
• Soykan F. (2003). “Kırsal Turizm ve Türkiye Turizmi İçin Önemi”, Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 12, s.1-11.
• Story, V. M., Daniels, K., Zolkiewski, J. ve Dainty, A. R. (2014), “The Barriers and Consequences of Radical Innovations: Introduction to the Issue”, Industrial Marketing Management, 43, s.1271-1277.
• Tekin, Y. ve Durna, U. (2012), “Otel İşletmelerinde Yenilik Yönetimi Uygulamaları Alanya’da Beş ve Dört Yıldızlı Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma”, Alanya Isletme Fakültesi Dergisi, C.4, S.3, s.93-110.
• Tidd, J., Bessant, J. ve Pavitt, K. (2005), Managing Innovation. Integrating Technological, Market and Organizational Change, Third Edition, New York, John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.
• Tourigny D. ve Le C. D. (2004), “Impediments to Innovation Faced by Canadian Manufacturing Firms”, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 13:3, s.217-250.
• UNWTO (World Tourism Organization) (2018), http://www2.unwto.org/content/why-tourism (27.05,2018)
• Xie, X.M., Zeng S.X. ve Tam C. M. (2010), “Overcoming Barriers to Innovation in SMEs in China: A Perspective Based Cooperation Network”, Innovation, 12:3, s.298-310.
• Zehrer, A., Pechlaner, H. ve Reuter, C. (2013), “Innovativeness in Tourism: The Perception of Innovation Award Participants”, Journal of Tourism, Vol. 14, no.1, s.11-29.
• http://inomer.org/economic-growth/inovasyon-2/inovasyon-nicin-nasil-2/, (15.07.2018).