BibTex RIS Cite

Esansiyel Yağların Broiler Beslemedeki Kullanım Alanları

Year 2016, , 74 - 88, 31.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17714/gufbed.2016.06.009

Abstract

Hayvan beslemede broiler büyütme faktörü ve gastro intestinal sistemdeki patojen mikroorganizmaların kontrol altında tutmak için antibiyotik kullanılmaktaydı. Ancak antibiyotiklerin 2006 yılında yasaklanmasından sonra aynı etkiyi gösterecek alternatif ürünler aranmaya başlanmıştır. Bu ürünlerin başında da insan sağlığına herhangi bir yan etkisi olmayan, elde edilen hayvansal ürünlerde kalıntı bırakmayan ve bakterilerin antibiyotiklere karşı direnç geliştirmesini engellemek için bitki ekstraklı doğal ürünler kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu derlemede bitkisel ekstrakların genel özellikleri ve broiler beslemedeki kullanım alanları üzerinde durulmuştur.

References

  • Al-Kassıe GAM., 2009. Influence of Two Plant Extracts Derıved From Thyme and Cınnamon on Broıler Performance. Pakistan Vet. Jour., 29;169-173.
  • Alçiçek A., Bozkurt M., Çabuk M., 2004. The Effect of a Mixture of Herbal Essential Oils, an Organic Acid or a Probiotic on Broiler Performance. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34; 217-222.
  • Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. http://www .ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/chem-activities.pl., 01.01.2016.
  • Amerah AM., Mathis G., Hofacre CL., 2012. Effect of Xylanase and a Blend of Essential Oils on Performance and Salmonella Colonization of Broiler Chickens Challenged with Salmonella Heidelberg. Poultry Science, 91; 943–947.
  • Avcı S., 2004. Etlik Piliç Karma Yemlerinde Bitkisel Ekstrakt Kullanımının Besi Performansına Etkileri. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Zootekni Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi.
  • Babaoğlan M., 2008. Etlik Piliçlerin Beslenmesinde Büyüme Uyarıcı Olarak Kullanımı Önerilen Farklı Timol ve Karvakrol Kaynaklarının Biyo-etkinliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Baser KH., 2008. Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Carvacrol and Carvacrol Bearing Essential Oils. Curr. Pharm. Des., 14, 3106.
  • Biçer A., Özkan G., 2003. Lavanta Bitkisi Çiçeklerinden Süperkritik Co2 İle Uçuçu Yağların Ekstraksiyonuna Basıncın Etkisi. G.Ü fen bilimleri dergisi, 16; 717-723.
  • Bilal T., Keser O., Abaş İ., 2008. Esans Yagların Hayvan Beslemede Kullanılması. Erciyes Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 5; 41-50.
  • Bilgin AŞ., Kocabağlı N., 2010. Etlik Piliç Beslemede Esansiyel Yağların Kullanımı. İstanbul Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 36; 75-82.
  • Bishop CD., 1995. Antiviral Activity of The Essential Oil of Melaleuca Alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel (Tea Tree) Against Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 7; 641-644.
  • Botsoglou NA., Christaki E., Florou-Paneri P., Giannenas I., Papageorgiou G., Spais AB., 2004. The Effect of a Mixture of Herbal Essential Oils or Α-Tocopheryl Acetate on Performance Parameters and Oxidation of Body Lipid İn Broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34 (1).
  • Bölükbaşı CŞ. Erhan MK. 2006. Etlik Piliçlerin Yemlerine İlave Edilen Kekik Yağı ve Vitamin E' nin Performans, Doku Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonu ve Raf Ömrüne Etkileri. Türkiye 9. Gıda Kongresi; 24-26 Mayıs 2006, Bolu.
  • Buğdaycı KE., Ergün A., 2011. Esansiyel Yağ ve/veya Probiyotiğin Broilerlerde Performans, İmmun Sistem ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Ankara Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 58; 279-284.
  • Burt S., 2004. Essential Oils: Their Antibacterial Properties and Potential Applications in Foods, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94; 223– 253.
  • Brenes A., Roura E., 2010. Essential Oils in Poultry Nutrition: Main Effects and Modes of Action. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 158; 1–14.
  • Briozzo J., Nunez L., Chirife J., Herszage L., D'Aquino M., 1989. Antimicrobial Activity of Clove Oil Dispersed in a Concentrated Sugar Solution. J. Applied Bacteriol,.66; 69-75.
  • Çabuk M., Bozkurt M., Alçicek A., Akbaş Y., Küçükyılmaz K., 2006. Effect of a Herbal Essential Oil Mixture on Growth and İnternal Organ Weight of Broilers From Young and Old Breeder Flocks. South African Journal of Animal Science, 36: 135-141.
  • Cellat K., 2011. Bazı Endemik Bitkilerin Uçucu Yağ Bileşenlerinin Ekstrakte Edilmesi ve İçeriklerinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Çetin M., 2012. Hayvan Beslemede Antibiyotik ve Antiparazitlere Alternatif Olarak Bitkisel Ekstraklar ve Pelinotu’nun (Artemisia Absinthium) Kullanılması. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg., 15.
  • Chung KH., Yang KS., Kım J., Kım JC., Lee KY., 2007. Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils on The Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus and Measurement of Their Binding Interaction Using Optical Biosensor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 17; 1848–1855.
  • Cuppett SL., Hall CA., 1998. Antioxidant Activity of the Labiatae. Adv. Food Nutr. Res.,42; 245-271.
  • Daouk RK., Dagher SM., Sattout EJ., 1995. Antıfungal Actıvıty of the Essentıal Oıl of Oreganum-Syrıacum. Journal of Food Protectıon, 58; 1147-1149.
  • Demir E., Sarıca Ş., Özcan MA., Suiçmez M., 2005. The Use of Natural Feed Addivites as Alternative to an Antibiotic Growth Promoter in Broiler Diets. Arch. Geflügelk., 69: 110–116.
  • Devi KP., Nisha SA., Sakthivel R., Pandian SK., 2010. Eugenol (an Essential Oil of Clove) Acts as an Antibacterial Agent Against Salmonella Typhi by Disrupting the Cellular Membrane. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 130; 107–115.
  • Dibner JJ., Richard JD., 2005. Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Agriculture: History and Mode of Action. Poultry Science, 84; 634 – 643.
  • Dorman HJD., Deans SG., 2000. Antimicrobial Agents From Plants: Antibacterial Activity of Plant Volatile Oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 88; 308-316.
  • Emborg HD., Ersboll AK., Heuer OE., Wegener HC., 2001. The Effect of Discontinuing the use of Antimicrobial Growth Promoters on the Productivity in the Danish Broiler Production, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 50: 53-70.
  • Ertaş ON., Güler T., Çiftci M., Dalkılıç B., Şimşek UG., 2005. The Effect of on Essential Oil Mix Derived From Oregano, Clove and Anise on Broiler Performance, İnternatıonal Journal of Poultry Science, 4; 879-889.
  • Evren M., Tekgüler B., 2011. Uçucu Yağların Antimikrobiyel Özellikleri. Elektronik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 9; 28-40.
  • Galobart J., Barroeta AC., Baucells MD., Codony R., Ternes W., 2011. Effect of Dietary Supplemen-Tation with Rosemary Extract and Α-Tocopheryl Acetate on Lipid Oxidation in Eggs Enriched with ω3-Fatty Acids. Poultry Science, 80; 460–467.
  • Garcıa V., Gregori PC., Hernandez F., Megıas MD., Madrid J., 2007. Effect of Formic Acid and Plant Extracts on Growth, Nutrient Digestibility, Intestine Mucosa Morphology, and Meat Yield of Broilers, Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16: 555–562.
  • Giannenas I., Florou-Paneri P., Papazahariadou M., Christaki E., Botsoglou NA., Spais AB., 2003. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Oregano Essential Oil on Performance of Broilers After Experimental İnfection with Eimeria tenella, Arch. Tierernahr. 57; 99-106.
  • Gürakan GC., Aksoy C., Ögel ZB., Ören NG., 2008. Differentiation of Salmonella typhimurium from Salmonella enteritidis and Other Salmonella serotypes Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis, Poultry Science, 87; 1068–1074.
  • Habrun B., Simpraga B., Kompes G., Krstulovic F., 2012. Antimicrobial Resistance and Serotyping of Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica İsolated from Poultry in Croatia. Veterınarskı Arhıv., 82; 371-381.
  • Hernandez F., Madrid J., Garcıa V., Orengo J., Megıas MD., 2004. Influence of Two Plant Extracts on Broilers Performance, Digestibility, and Digestive Organ Size, Poultry Science, 83:169–174.
  • Hong JC., Steiner T., Aufy A., Lien TF., 2012. Effects of Supplemental Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolites and İmmunity, İntestinal Characteristics, Microbiota and Carcass Traits in Broilers, Livestock Science, 144; 253–262.
  • Hashemipour H., Kermanshahi H., Golian A., Veldkamp T., 2013. Effect of Thymol and Carvacrol Feed Supplementation on Performance, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Fatty Acid Composition, Digestive Enzyme Activities, and İmmune Response in Broiler Chickens. Poult Sci., 92; 2059-2069.
  • Jayashree T., Subramanyam C., 1999. Antiaflatoxigenic Activity of Eugenol is Due to İnhibition of Lipid Peroxidation. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 28; 179-183.
  • Jerzsele A., Szeker K., Csizinszky R., Gere E., Jakab C., Mallo J.J., Galfi P., 2012. Efficacy of Protected Sodium Butyrate, a Protected Blend of Essential Oils,Their Combination, and Bacillus amylolique faciens Spore Suspension Against Artificially İnduced Necrotic Enteritis in Broilers. Poultry Science, 91; 837–843.
  • Juglal S., Govinden R., Odhav B., 2002. Spice Oils For The Control of Co-Occurring Mycotoxin-Producing Fungi. Journal of Food Protection, 65; 683-687.
  • Kahl R., Kappus H., 1993. Toxikologie der Synthetischen Antioxidantien BHA und BHT im Vergleich Mit Dem Natürlichen Antioxidans Vitamin E. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 196, 329-338.
  • Kara D., 2001. Bazı Metal Katyonlarının N,N-bis(2 hidroksi-5-bromo-benzil)1,2-diaminopropan ile Çözücü Ekstraksiyonu ve Uygulamaları, Doktora Tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı. Balıkesir.
  • Karabacak C., 2007. Bazı Scutellarıa orıentalıs Türlerinin İçerisindeki Ekstraktif Bileşiklerin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Isparta.
  • Karpouhtsis I., Pardali E., Feggou E., Kokkini S., Scouras ZG., Mavragani-Tsipidou P., 1998. Insecticidal and Genotoxic Activities of Oregano Essential Oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46; 1111-1115.
  • Kılıç A., 2008. Uçucu Yağ Elde Etme Yöntemleri. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi,10, 13.
  • Konstantopoulou I., Vassilopoulou L., Mavragani-Tsipidou P., Scouras ZG., 1992. Insecticidal Effects of Essential Oils. A Study of The Effects of Essential Oils Extracted from Eleven Greek Aromatic Plants on Drosophila Auraria. Experientia , 48; 616-619.
  • Köksal BH., Küçükersan MK., 2012. Broiler Rasyonlarına Humat ile Bitki Ekstraktı Karışımı İlavesinin Büyüme Performansı, Bazı Bağışıklık ve Serum Biyokimya Değerlerine Etkileri. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 18; 103-108.
  • Küçükyılmaz K., Çatlı AV., Çınar M., 2012. Etlik Piliç Yemlerine Esansiyel Yağ Karışımı İlavesinin Büyüme Performansı, Karkas Randımanı ve Bazı İç Organ Ağırlıkları Üzerine Etkileri, Kafkas Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 18; 291-296.
  • Lee KW., Evert H., Beynen AC., 2004. Essential Oils in Broiler Nutrition. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3; 738-752.
  • Lee KW., Everts H., Kappert HJ., Frehner M., Losa R., Beynen AC., 2010. Effects of Dietary Essential Oil Components on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes and Lipid Metabolism in Female Broiler Chickens, British Poultry Science, 44; 450-457.
  • Lindenschmidt RC., Tryka AF., Goad ME., Witschi HP., 1986. The Effects of Dietary Butylated Hydroxytoluene on Liver and Colon Tumor Development in Mice. Toxicology, 38: 151-160.
  • Luna A., Lábaque MC., Zygadlo JA., Marin RH., 2010. Effects of Thymol and Carvacrol Feed Supplementation on Lipid Oxidation in Broiler Meat, Poultry Science, 89; 366–370.
  • Mari M., Bertolini P., Pratella GC., 2003. Non-Conventional Methods for the Control of Post-Harvest Pear Diseases. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 94; 761-766.
  • Mathlouthi N., Bouzaiennet., Oueslati I., Recoquillay F., Hamdi M., Urdaci M., Bergaoui R., 2011. Use of Rosemary, Oregano, and a Commercial Blend of Essential Oils in Broiler Chickens: In Vitro Antimicro- Bial Activities and Effects on Growth Performance, J. Anim. Sci., 90; 813–823.
  • Mazmanoğlu G., 2008. Etlik Piliç Yemlerine Antibiyotik, Esansiyel Yağ Karışımı ve Organik Asit Katılmasının Performans, Organ Ağırlıkları ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Mitsch P., Zitterl-Eglseer K., Kohler B., Gabler C., Losa R., Zimpernik I., 2004. The Effect of two Different Blends of Essential Oil Components on the Proliferation of Clostridium perfringens in the Intestines of Broiler Chickens, Poultry Science, 83; 669–675.
  • Mountzouris KC., Paraskevas V., Tsirtsikos P., Palamidi I.,Steiner T., Schatzmayr G., Fegeros K., 2011. Assessment of a Phytogenic Feed Additive Effect on Broiler Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Caecal Microflora Composition, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168; 223– 231.
  • Nakatani N., 2000. Phenolic Antioxidants From Herbs and Spices. Biofactors.13,141.
  • Nakatani N., 2007. Antioxidants from Spices and Herbs. in ‘’ Natural Antioxidants: Chemistry, Health Effects, and Applications’’,Ed., shahidi F., Company AOCS,USA.
  • Pandey R., Kalra A., Tandon S., Mehrotra N., Singh HN., Kumar S., 2000. Essential Oils as Potent Sources of Nematicidal Compounds. Journal of Phytopathology, 148; 501-502.
  • Pessoa LM., Morais SM., Bevilaqua CML., Luciano JHS., 2002. Anthelmintic Activity of Essential Oil of Ocimum Gratissimum Linn. and Eugenol Against Haemonchus Contortus. Veterinary Parasitology, 109: 59–63.
  • Platel K., Srinivasan K., 2000. Influence of Dietary Spices and Their Active Principles on Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes in Albino Rats. Die Nahrung, 44; 42-46.
  • Pratt DE.,1992. Natural Antioxidants from Plant Material. İn ‘’ Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health II ‘’, Ed., Huang M., Ho C., Lee C.Y . Company American Chemical Society, New Jersey.
  • Remmal A., Achahbar S., Bouddine L., 2013. Oocysticidal Effect of Essential Oil Components Against Chicken Eimeria Oocysts. International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 599816, 8.
  • Şengezer E., Güngör T., 2008. Esansiyel Yağlar ve Hayvanlar Üzerindeki Etkiler. Lalahan Hay. Araşt. Enst. Derg., 48, 101 – 110.
  • Sikkemat J., Jan AM., Bontt D., Polmann B., 1994. Interactions of Cyclic Hydrocarbons with Biological Membranes. The Journal Of Biological Chemistry, 269; 8022-8028.
  • Tavarez MA., Boler DD., Bess KN., Zhao J., Yan Y., Dilger AC., Mckeith FK., Killefer J., 2011. Effect of Antioxidant İnclusion and Oil Quality on Broiler Performance, Meat Quality, and Lipid Oxidation. Poultry Science, 90; 922–930.
  • Tiihonen K., Kettunen H., Bento MHL., Saarinen M., Lahtinen S., Ouwehand AC., Schulze H., Rautonen N., 2010. The Effect of Feeding Essential Oils on Broiler Performance and Gut Microbiota, British Poultry Science, 51; 381-392.
  • Timbermont L., Lanckriet A., Dewulf J., Nollet N., Schwarzer K., Haesebrouck F., Ducatelle R.,Van Immerseel F., 2013. Control of Clostridium perfringens-induced Necrotic Enteritis in Broilers by Target-Released Butyric Acid, Fatty Acids and Essential Oils. Avian Pathology, 39;117-121.
  • Toroğlu S., Çenet M., 2006. Tedavi Amaçlı Kullanılan Bazı Bitkilerin Kullanım Alanları ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi İçin Kullanılan Metodlar. KSÜ Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 9.
  • Toghyani M., Toghyani M., Gheisari A., Ghalamkari G., Eghbalsaied S., 2011. Evaluation of Cinnamon and Garlic as Antibiotic Growth Promoter Substitutions on Performance, İmmune Responses, Serum Biochemical and Haematological Parameters in Broiler Chicks, Livestock Science, 138; 167–173.
  • Ultee A., Smid EJ., 2001, Influence of Carvacrol on Growth and Toxin Production by Bacillus cereus. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 64; 373–378.
  • Ultee A., Bennik MHJ., Moezelaar R., 2002. The Phenolic Hydroxyl Group of Carvacrol is Essential for Action Against the Food-Borne Pathogen Bacillus cereus. Applıed and Envıronmental Mıcrobıology, 68; 1561–1568.
  • Umay A., 2007. Lavandula stoechas, Melissa officinalis ve Tribulus terrestris Bitkilerinin Kimyasal İçeriklerinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Adana.
  • Üstündağ AÜ., Özdoğan M., 2011. Kanatlı Hayvan Beslemede Bakteriyosinlerin Kullanım Olanakları. Hayvansal Üretim, 52; 69-73.
  • Yanishlieva NV., Marinovaa EM., Gordonb MH., Ranevaa VG., 1999. Antioxidant Activity and Mechanism of Action of Thymol and Carvacrol in Two Lipid Systems, Food Chemistry, 64; 59-66.
  • Yıldız CH., 2007. Carvacrol, Tymol ve Rosmarinic Asit İçeren Bitki Ekstraktlarının Etlik Piliçlerde Performans, Sindirim Kanalı Histomorfolojisi ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Trakya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekirdağ.
  • Yörük MA., Laçin E., Hayırlı A., Yıldız A., 2008. Humat ve Prebiyotiklerin Farklı Yerleşim Sıklığında Yetiştirilen Japon Bıldırcınlarında Verim Özellikleri, Yumurta Kalitesi ve Kan Parametrelerine Etkisi. YYÜ Vet. Fak. Derg., 19; 15-22.
  • Zenner L., Callait MP., Granier C., Chauve C., 2003. In Vitro Effect of Essential Oils From Cinnamomum Aromaticum, Citrus Limon and Allium Sativum on Two İntestinal Flagellates of Poultry, Tetratrichomonas gallinarum and Histomonas. Parasite. 10(2):153-157.
  • Zhou TX., Chen YJ., Yoo JS., Huang Y., Lee HJ., Jang HD., Shin SO., Kim HJ., Cho JH., Kim IH., 2009, Effects of Chitooligosaccharide Supplementation on Performance, Blood Characteristics, Relative Organ Weight, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens, Poultry Science, 88: 593–600.
  • Wei A., Shibamoto T., 2007. Antioxidant Activities and Volatile Constituents of Various Essential Oils. Jour. Agric. Food Chem., 55: 1737–1742.
  • Windisch W., Schedle K., Plitzner C., Kroismayr A., 2008. Use of Phytogenic Products as Feed Additives for Swine and Poultry. J. Anim. Sci,. 86; 140–148.
  • Witkowska D., Sowińska J., 2013. The Effectiveness of Peppermint and Thyme Essential Oil Mist in Reducing Bacterial Contamination in Broiler Houses. Poult. Sci., 92: 2834-2843.
  • Wojdylo A., Oszmianski J., Czemerys R., 2007. Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds in 32 Selected Herbs. Food Chemistry, 105: 940–949.
Year 2016, , 74 - 88, 31.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17714/gufbed.2016.06.009

Abstract

References

  • Al-Kassıe GAM., 2009. Influence of Two Plant Extracts Derıved From Thyme and Cınnamon on Broıler Performance. Pakistan Vet. Jour., 29;169-173.
  • Alçiçek A., Bozkurt M., Çabuk M., 2004. The Effect of a Mixture of Herbal Essential Oils, an Organic Acid or a Probiotic on Broiler Performance. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34; 217-222.
  • Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. http://www .ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/chem-activities.pl., 01.01.2016.
  • Amerah AM., Mathis G., Hofacre CL., 2012. Effect of Xylanase and a Blend of Essential Oils on Performance and Salmonella Colonization of Broiler Chickens Challenged with Salmonella Heidelberg. Poultry Science, 91; 943–947.
  • Avcı S., 2004. Etlik Piliç Karma Yemlerinde Bitkisel Ekstrakt Kullanımının Besi Performansına Etkileri. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Zootekni Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi.
  • Babaoğlan M., 2008. Etlik Piliçlerin Beslenmesinde Büyüme Uyarıcı Olarak Kullanımı Önerilen Farklı Timol ve Karvakrol Kaynaklarının Biyo-etkinliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Baser KH., 2008. Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Carvacrol and Carvacrol Bearing Essential Oils. Curr. Pharm. Des., 14, 3106.
  • Biçer A., Özkan G., 2003. Lavanta Bitkisi Çiçeklerinden Süperkritik Co2 İle Uçuçu Yağların Ekstraksiyonuna Basıncın Etkisi. G.Ü fen bilimleri dergisi, 16; 717-723.
  • Bilal T., Keser O., Abaş İ., 2008. Esans Yagların Hayvan Beslemede Kullanılması. Erciyes Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 5; 41-50.
  • Bilgin AŞ., Kocabağlı N., 2010. Etlik Piliç Beslemede Esansiyel Yağların Kullanımı. İstanbul Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 36; 75-82.
  • Bishop CD., 1995. Antiviral Activity of The Essential Oil of Melaleuca Alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel (Tea Tree) Against Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 7; 641-644.
  • Botsoglou NA., Christaki E., Florou-Paneri P., Giannenas I., Papageorgiou G., Spais AB., 2004. The Effect of a Mixture of Herbal Essential Oils or Α-Tocopheryl Acetate on Performance Parameters and Oxidation of Body Lipid İn Broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34 (1).
  • Bölükbaşı CŞ. Erhan MK. 2006. Etlik Piliçlerin Yemlerine İlave Edilen Kekik Yağı ve Vitamin E' nin Performans, Doku Yağ Asidi Kompozisyonu ve Raf Ömrüne Etkileri. Türkiye 9. Gıda Kongresi; 24-26 Mayıs 2006, Bolu.
  • Buğdaycı KE., Ergün A., 2011. Esansiyel Yağ ve/veya Probiyotiğin Broilerlerde Performans, İmmun Sistem ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Ankara Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 58; 279-284.
  • Burt S., 2004. Essential Oils: Their Antibacterial Properties and Potential Applications in Foods, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94; 223– 253.
  • Brenes A., Roura E., 2010. Essential Oils in Poultry Nutrition: Main Effects and Modes of Action. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 158; 1–14.
  • Briozzo J., Nunez L., Chirife J., Herszage L., D'Aquino M., 1989. Antimicrobial Activity of Clove Oil Dispersed in a Concentrated Sugar Solution. J. Applied Bacteriol,.66; 69-75.
  • Çabuk M., Bozkurt M., Alçicek A., Akbaş Y., Küçükyılmaz K., 2006. Effect of a Herbal Essential Oil Mixture on Growth and İnternal Organ Weight of Broilers From Young and Old Breeder Flocks. South African Journal of Animal Science, 36: 135-141.
  • Cellat K., 2011. Bazı Endemik Bitkilerin Uçucu Yağ Bileşenlerinin Ekstrakte Edilmesi ve İçeriklerinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Çetin M., 2012. Hayvan Beslemede Antibiyotik ve Antiparazitlere Alternatif Olarak Bitkisel Ekstraklar ve Pelinotu’nun (Artemisia Absinthium) Kullanılması. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg., 15.
  • Chung KH., Yang KS., Kım J., Kım JC., Lee KY., 2007. Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils on The Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus and Measurement of Their Binding Interaction Using Optical Biosensor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 17; 1848–1855.
  • Cuppett SL., Hall CA., 1998. Antioxidant Activity of the Labiatae. Adv. Food Nutr. Res.,42; 245-271.
  • Daouk RK., Dagher SM., Sattout EJ., 1995. Antıfungal Actıvıty of the Essentıal Oıl of Oreganum-Syrıacum. Journal of Food Protectıon, 58; 1147-1149.
  • Demir E., Sarıca Ş., Özcan MA., Suiçmez M., 2005. The Use of Natural Feed Addivites as Alternative to an Antibiotic Growth Promoter in Broiler Diets. Arch. Geflügelk., 69: 110–116.
  • Devi KP., Nisha SA., Sakthivel R., Pandian SK., 2010. Eugenol (an Essential Oil of Clove) Acts as an Antibacterial Agent Against Salmonella Typhi by Disrupting the Cellular Membrane. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 130; 107–115.
  • Dibner JJ., Richard JD., 2005. Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Agriculture: History and Mode of Action. Poultry Science, 84; 634 – 643.
  • Dorman HJD., Deans SG., 2000. Antimicrobial Agents From Plants: Antibacterial Activity of Plant Volatile Oils. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 88; 308-316.
  • Emborg HD., Ersboll AK., Heuer OE., Wegener HC., 2001. The Effect of Discontinuing the use of Antimicrobial Growth Promoters on the Productivity in the Danish Broiler Production, Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 50: 53-70.
  • Ertaş ON., Güler T., Çiftci M., Dalkılıç B., Şimşek UG., 2005. The Effect of on Essential Oil Mix Derived From Oregano, Clove and Anise on Broiler Performance, İnternatıonal Journal of Poultry Science, 4; 879-889.
  • Evren M., Tekgüler B., 2011. Uçucu Yağların Antimikrobiyel Özellikleri. Elektronik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 9; 28-40.
  • Galobart J., Barroeta AC., Baucells MD., Codony R., Ternes W., 2011. Effect of Dietary Supplemen-Tation with Rosemary Extract and Α-Tocopheryl Acetate on Lipid Oxidation in Eggs Enriched with ω3-Fatty Acids. Poultry Science, 80; 460–467.
  • Garcıa V., Gregori PC., Hernandez F., Megıas MD., Madrid J., 2007. Effect of Formic Acid and Plant Extracts on Growth, Nutrient Digestibility, Intestine Mucosa Morphology, and Meat Yield of Broilers, Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16: 555–562.
  • Giannenas I., Florou-Paneri P., Papazahariadou M., Christaki E., Botsoglou NA., Spais AB., 2003. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Oregano Essential Oil on Performance of Broilers After Experimental İnfection with Eimeria tenella, Arch. Tierernahr. 57; 99-106.
  • Gürakan GC., Aksoy C., Ögel ZB., Ören NG., 2008. Differentiation of Salmonella typhimurium from Salmonella enteritidis and Other Salmonella serotypes Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis, Poultry Science, 87; 1068–1074.
  • Habrun B., Simpraga B., Kompes G., Krstulovic F., 2012. Antimicrobial Resistance and Serotyping of Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica İsolated from Poultry in Croatia. Veterınarskı Arhıv., 82; 371-381.
  • Hernandez F., Madrid J., Garcıa V., Orengo J., Megıas MD., 2004. Influence of Two Plant Extracts on Broilers Performance, Digestibility, and Digestive Organ Size, Poultry Science, 83:169–174.
  • Hong JC., Steiner T., Aufy A., Lien TF., 2012. Effects of Supplemental Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolites and İmmunity, İntestinal Characteristics, Microbiota and Carcass Traits in Broilers, Livestock Science, 144; 253–262.
  • Hashemipour H., Kermanshahi H., Golian A., Veldkamp T., 2013. Effect of Thymol and Carvacrol Feed Supplementation on Performance, Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Fatty Acid Composition, Digestive Enzyme Activities, and İmmune Response in Broiler Chickens. Poult Sci., 92; 2059-2069.
  • Jayashree T., Subramanyam C., 1999. Antiaflatoxigenic Activity of Eugenol is Due to İnhibition of Lipid Peroxidation. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 28; 179-183.
  • Jerzsele A., Szeker K., Csizinszky R., Gere E., Jakab C., Mallo J.J., Galfi P., 2012. Efficacy of Protected Sodium Butyrate, a Protected Blend of Essential Oils,Their Combination, and Bacillus amylolique faciens Spore Suspension Against Artificially İnduced Necrotic Enteritis in Broilers. Poultry Science, 91; 837–843.
  • Juglal S., Govinden R., Odhav B., 2002. Spice Oils For The Control of Co-Occurring Mycotoxin-Producing Fungi. Journal of Food Protection, 65; 683-687.
  • Kahl R., Kappus H., 1993. Toxikologie der Synthetischen Antioxidantien BHA und BHT im Vergleich Mit Dem Natürlichen Antioxidans Vitamin E. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung, 196, 329-338.
  • Kara D., 2001. Bazı Metal Katyonlarının N,N-bis(2 hidroksi-5-bromo-benzil)1,2-diaminopropan ile Çözücü Ekstraksiyonu ve Uygulamaları, Doktora Tezi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı. Balıkesir.
  • Karabacak C., 2007. Bazı Scutellarıa orıentalıs Türlerinin İçerisindeki Ekstraktif Bileşiklerin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Isparta.
  • Karpouhtsis I., Pardali E., Feggou E., Kokkini S., Scouras ZG., Mavragani-Tsipidou P., 1998. Insecticidal and Genotoxic Activities of Oregano Essential Oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46; 1111-1115.
  • Kılıç A., 2008. Uçucu Yağ Elde Etme Yöntemleri. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi,10, 13.
  • Konstantopoulou I., Vassilopoulou L., Mavragani-Tsipidou P., Scouras ZG., 1992. Insecticidal Effects of Essential Oils. A Study of The Effects of Essential Oils Extracted from Eleven Greek Aromatic Plants on Drosophila Auraria. Experientia , 48; 616-619.
  • Köksal BH., Küçükersan MK., 2012. Broiler Rasyonlarına Humat ile Bitki Ekstraktı Karışımı İlavesinin Büyüme Performansı, Bazı Bağışıklık ve Serum Biyokimya Değerlerine Etkileri. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg., 18; 103-108.
  • Küçükyılmaz K., Çatlı AV., Çınar M., 2012. Etlik Piliç Yemlerine Esansiyel Yağ Karışımı İlavesinin Büyüme Performansı, Karkas Randımanı ve Bazı İç Organ Ağırlıkları Üzerine Etkileri, Kafkas Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg., 18; 291-296.
  • Lee KW., Evert H., Beynen AC., 2004. Essential Oils in Broiler Nutrition. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3; 738-752.
  • Lee KW., Everts H., Kappert HJ., Frehner M., Losa R., Beynen AC., 2010. Effects of Dietary Essential Oil Components on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes and Lipid Metabolism in Female Broiler Chickens, British Poultry Science, 44; 450-457.
  • Lindenschmidt RC., Tryka AF., Goad ME., Witschi HP., 1986. The Effects of Dietary Butylated Hydroxytoluene on Liver and Colon Tumor Development in Mice. Toxicology, 38: 151-160.
  • Luna A., Lábaque MC., Zygadlo JA., Marin RH., 2010. Effects of Thymol and Carvacrol Feed Supplementation on Lipid Oxidation in Broiler Meat, Poultry Science, 89; 366–370.
  • Mari M., Bertolini P., Pratella GC., 2003. Non-Conventional Methods for the Control of Post-Harvest Pear Diseases. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 94; 761-766.
  • Mathlouthi N., Bouzaiennet., Oueslati I., Recoquillay F., Hamdi M., Urdaci M., Bergaoui R., 2011. Use of Rosemary, Oregano, and a Commercial Blend of Essential Oils in Broiler Chickens: In Vitro Antimicro- Bial Activities and Effects on Growth Performance, J. Anim. Sci., 90; 813–823.
  • Mazmanoğlu G., 2008. Etlik Piliç Yemlerine Antibiyotik, Esansiyel Yağ Karışımı ve Organik Asit Katılmasının Performans, Organ Ağırlıkları ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Mitsch P., Zitterl-Eglseer K., Kohler B., Gabler C., Losa R., Zimpernik I., 2004. The Effect of two Different Blends of Essential Oil Components on the Proliferation of Clostridium perfringens in the Intestines of Broiler Chickens, Poultry Science, 83; 669–675.
  • Mountzouris KC., Paraskevas V., Tsirtsikos P., Palamidi I.,Steiner T., Schatzmayr G., Fegeros K., 2011. Assessment of a Phytogenic Feed Additive Effect on Broiler Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Caecal Microflora Composition, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168; 223– 231.
  • Nakatani N., 2000. Phenolic Antioxidants From Herbs and Spices. Biofactors.13,141.
  • Nakatani N., 2007. Antioxidants from Spices and Herbs. in ‘’ Natural Antioxidants: Chemistry, Health Effects, and Applications’’,Ed., shahidi F., Company AOCS,USA.
  • Pandey R., Kalra A., Tandon S., Mehrotra N., Singh HN., Kumar S., 2000. Essential Oils as Potent Sources of Nematicidal Compounds. Journal of Phytopathology, 148; 501-502.
  • Pessoa LM., Morais SM., Bevilaqua CML., Luciano JHS., 2002. Anthelmintic Activity of Essential Oil of Ocimum Gratissimum Linn. and Eugenol Against Haemonchus Contortus. Veterinary Parasitology, 109: 59–63.
  • Platel K., Srinivasan K., 2000. Influence of Dietary Spices and Their Active Principles on Pancreatic Digestive Enzymes in Albino Rats. Die Nahrung, 44; 42-46.
  • Pratt DE.,1992. Natural Antioxidants from Plant Material. İn ‘’ Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health II ‘’, Ed., Huang M., Ho C., Lee C.Y . Company American Chemical Society, New Jersey.
  • Remmal A., Achahbar S., Bouddine L., 2013. Oocysticidal Effect of Essential Oil Components Against Chicken Eimeria Oocysts. International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 599816, 8.
  • Şengezer E., Güngör T., 2008. Esansiyel Yağlar ve Hayvanlar Üzerindeki Etkiler. Lalahan Hay. Araşt. Enst. Derg., 48, 101 – 110.
  • Sikkemat J., Jan AM., Bontt D., Polmann B., 1994. Interactions of Cyclic Hydrocarbons with Biological Membranes. The Journal Of Biological Chemistry, 269; 8022-8028.
  • Tavarez MA., Boler DD., Bess KN., Zhao J., Yan Y., Dilger AC., Mckeith FK., Killefer J., 2011. Effect of Antioxidant İnclusion and Oil Quality on Broiler Performance, Meat Quality, and Lipid Oxidation. Poultry Science, 90; 922–930.
  • Tiihonen K., Kettunen H., Bento MHL., Saarinen M., Lahtinen S., Ouwehand AC., Schulze H., Rautonen N., 2010. The Effect of Feeding Essential Oils on Broiler Performance and Gut Microbiota, British Poultry Science, 51; 381-392.
  • Timbermont L., Lanckriet A., Dewulf J., Nollet N., Schwarzer K., Haesebrouck F., Ducatelle R.,Van Immerseel F., 2013. Control of Clostridium perfringens-induced Necrotic Enteritis in Broilers by Target-Released Butyric Acid, Fatty Acids and Essential Oils. Avian Pathology, 39;117-121.
  • Toroğlu S., Çenet M., 2006. Tedavi Amaçlı Kullanılan Bazı Bitkilerin Kullanım Alanları ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi İçin Kullanılan Metodlar. KSÜ Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 9.
  • Toghyani M., Toghyani M., Gheisari A., Ghalamkari G., Eghbalsaied S., 2011. Evaluation of Cinnamon and Garlic as Antibiotic Growth Promoter Substitutions on Performance, İmmune Responses, Serum Biochemical and Haematological Parameters in Broiler Chicks, Livestock Science, 138; 167–173.
  • Ultee A., Smid EJ., 2001, Influence of Carvacrol on Growth and Toxin Production by Bacillus cereus. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 64; 373–378.
  • Ultee A., Bennik MHJ., Moezelaar R., 2002. The Phenolic Hydroxyl Group of Carvacrol is Essential for Action Against the Food-Borne Pathogen Bacillus cereus. Applıed and Envıronmental Mıcrobıology, 68; 1561–1568.
  • Umay A., 2007. Lavandula stoechas, Melissa officinalis ve Tribulus terrestris Bitkilerinin Kimyasal İçeriklerinin Araştırılması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Adana.
  • Üstündağ AÜ., Özdoğan M., 2011. Kanatlı Hayvan Beslemede Bakteriyosinlerin Kullanım Olanakları. Hayvansal Üretim, 52; 69-73.
  • Yanishlieva NV., Marinovaa EM., Gordonb MH., Ranevaa VG., 1999. Antioxidant Activity and Mechanism of Action of Thymol and Carvacrol in Two Lipid Systems, Food Chemistry, 64; 59-66.
  • Yıldız CH., 2007. Carvacrol, Tymol ve Rosmarinic Asit İçeren Bitki Ekstraktlarının Etlik Piliçlerde Performans, Sindirim Kanalı Histomorfolojisi ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Trakya Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekirdağ.
  • Yörük MA., Laçin E., Hayırlı A., Yıldız A., 2008. Humat ve Prebiyotiklerin Farklı Yerleşim Sıklığında Yetiştirilen Japon Bıldırcınlarında Verim Özellikleri, Yumurta Kalitesi ve Kan Parametrelerine Etkisi. YYÜ Vet. Fak. Derg., 19; 15-22.
  • Zenner L., Callait MP., Granier C., Chauve C., 2003. In Vitro Effect of Essential Oils From Cinnamomum Aromaticum, Citrus Limon and Allium Sativum on Two İntestinal Flagellates of Poultry, Tetratrichomonas gallinarum and Histomonas. Parasite. 10(2):153-157.
  • Zhou TX., Chen YJ., Yoo JS., Huang Y., Lee HJ., Jang HD., Shin SO., Kim HJ., Cho JH., Kim IH., 2009, Effects of Chitooligosaccharide Supplementation on Performance, Blood Characteristics, Relative Organ Weight, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens, Poultry Science, 88: 593–600.
  • Wei A., Shibamoto T., 2007. Antioxidant Activities and Volatile Constituents of Various Essential Oils. Jour. Agric. Food Chem., 55: 1737–1742.
  • Windisch W., Schedle K., Plitzner C., Kroismayr A., 2008. Use of Phytogenic Products as Feed Additives for Swine and Poultry. J. Anim. Sci,. 86; 140–148.
  • Witkowska D., Sowińska J., 2013. The Effectiveness of Peppermint and Thyme Essential Oil Mist in Reducing Bacterial Contamination in Broiler Houses. Poult. Sci., 92: 2834-2843.
  • Wojdylo A., Oszmianski J., Czemerys R., 2007. Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds in 32 Selected Herbs. Food Chemistry, 105: 940–949.
There are 85 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emre Tekce

Mehmet Gül

Publication Date July 31, 2016
Submission Date February 8, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016

Cite

APA Tekce, E., & Gül, M. (2016). Esansiyel Yağların Broiler Beslemedeki Kullanım Alanları. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 74-88. https://doi.org/10.17714/gufbed.2016.06.009