Portatif Emisyon ve Yakıt Tüketimi Ölçüm Sistemi Kullanılarak Bir Dizel Otobüsün Gerçek Dünya Sürüş Emisyonları ve Yakıt Tüketiminin Değerlendirilmesi: İstanbul Otobüs Hızlı Ulaşımı – Metrobus

Year 2019, , 515 - 525, 15.07.2019

Orkun Özener

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.459895

Abstract

İçten
yanmalı motorlarla tahrik edilen toplu taşıma kaynaklı emisyonlar hava
kirliliği, insan sağlığı ve küresel ısınma açısından oldukça önem arz
etmektedir. Toplu taşıma esnasında tüketilen yakıt miktarı özellikle
ekonomiklik anlamında dikkate alınması gereken diğer bir faktördür. Bu
doğrultuda dünya toplu taşıma sisteminin önemli taşıma akslarından biri olan ve
kendine ayrılmış özel bir hat kullanan İstanbul Metrobüs Taşıma Sisteminin bir
kısmı araç üstü portatif emisyon ve yakıt tüketimi ölçüm cihazları kullanılarak
analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm çalışma boyunca yolcu otobüslerinin
elektronik kontrol ağı üzerindeki gerekli veriler de paralel olarak
toplanmıştır. Sonrasında yakıt tüketimi ve emisyon verileri, seyirlerin
istatistiki verileri, sürüş modları, yol eğimi ve araç özgül gücü anlamında
değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada yapılan analizlerle taşıt özgül gücü ile yakıt tüketimi
ve emisyonlar arasında
güçlü bir korelasyon olduğu gösterilmiştir. İvmenin ve taşıt hızının yakıt tüketimi
ve emisyonlar üzerine etkileri irdelenmiştir. Topoğrafyaya bağlı elde edilen
yakıt tüketimi ve emisyon verileri, toplu taşıma planlamasında topoğrafya
verilerinin araç özellikleri ile birlikte kullanımının gerekliliğini ortaya
koymuştur. Yapılan analiziler neticesinde araç üstü portatif emisyon ölçüm
sistemleri ve mobil yakıt tüketimi ölçüm cihazlarının daha çevreci ve ekonomik
toplu taşıma için motor kalibrasyon proseslerinin bir parçası olabileceği
değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Sürüş modları, Yakıt tüketimi, Gerçek sürüş emisyonları, Yol eğimi, Taşıt özgül gücü

An Assessment of Real-World Driving Emissions and Fuel Consumption of a Diesel Bus with Using a Portable Emissions and Fuel Consumption Measurement System: İstanbul Bus Rapid Transit-Metrobus

Abstract

Pollutants from combustion engine powered public
transportation are showing great importance in terms of air quality, human
being health and also the global warming. The amount of fuel consumed during
transportation is another factor that should be taken in to account because of
economic aspects. In this context, a part of one of the world’s biggest public
transportation axle – Istanbul Metrobus public transportation system – which is
using a dedicated line is analyzed via using on board emission measurement
system and onboard fuel consumption metering devices. The relevant controller
area network data was collected during cruises. The fuel consumption and
emissions results are analyzed regarding to cruise statistical data, driving
modes, road gradient and vehicle specific power data and per passenger
statistic. A strong correlation between vehicle specific power and fuel
consumption and emissions is shown. The effect of acceleration and velocity are
analyzed. Fuel consumption and emission data obtained regarding to the
topography indicated that, topography should be used with vehicle properties in
public transportation planning. Also it was evaluated that the portable
emission measurement systems and mobile fuel consumption measurements can be a
part of engine calibration development for environmentally friendly and
economic public transportation.

Keywords

Driving modes, Fuel consumption, Real driving emissions, Road grade, Vehicle specific power

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