Kuraklık Stresi ve Bitki Proteomiği

Year 2020, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 286 - 297, 15.01.2020

Mustafa Yıldız Fadimana Kaya Hakan Terzi

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.568384

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Hayatta kalabilmek için bitkilerin stresle sürekli başa çıkmaları
gerekir. Kuraklık bitki büyümesini, gelişimini ve ürün verimliliğini etkileyen
ana abiyotik streslerden biridir. Bitki ıslahı çalışmaları kapsamında, kuraklık
stresine karşı dayanıklı ve yüksek besin değerine sahip tarımsal bitki
türlerinin geliştirilmesi genomik, transkriptomik, proteomik ve metabolomik
gibi “omik” teknolojileri ile sağlanabilecektir. Proteomik, kuraklık stresi
koşullarında bir hücredeki proteinlerin tanımlanması, ifade seviyelerinin
belirlenmesi, translasyon sonrası modifikasyonların ortaya konulması ve
protein-protein etkileşimlerinin anlaşılması için güçlü bir yöntemdir. Farklı
streslere maruz kalan bitkilerde protein ifade seviyesinde önemli değişiklikler
meydana geldiğinden, proteomik yaklaşım stres koşulları altında proteinlerin
stres toleransı ile ilişkisini aydınlatmak için oldukça önemlidir. Kuraklık
stresi genellikle fotosentez, enerji metabolizması, stres savunma, protein
metabolizması ve sinyal iletimi gibi yolaklarda fonksiyon gören proteinlerin
ifade seviyelerinde değişime neden olmaktadır. Bitkilerde proteomik
çalışmalarda fizyolojik ve moleküler sonuçların beraber değerlendirilmesi
kuraklık toleransı için bazı potansiyel proteinler ya da metabolik yolakların keşfedilmesine
olanak tanımaktadır. Bu derlemede, bitkilerin kuraklık stresine vermiş
oldukları protein seviyesindeki tepkiler hakkındaki son bilgiler
tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

Kuraklık stresi, Kuraklık toleransı, Proteomik, Savunma mekanizmaları

Drought Stress and Plant Proteomics

Abstract

Plant need to overcome with stress to survive permanently. Drought is one
of the major abiotic stresses that affect growing and developing of plants and
productivity of crops. Within the scope of plant breeding studies, development
of agricultural plant species which are resistant to drought stress and have
high nutritional value will be provided by omics technologies such as genomics,
transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Proteomics is a strong method for
identification of proteins in a cell under drought stress conditions,
determination of expression levels, introducing post-translational
modifications, and understanding protein-protein interactions. Since there is a
significant change in protein expression level in plants exposed to different
stresses, the proteomics approach is quite important to elucidate the
relationship of proteins to stress tolerance. Drought stress usually causes
changes in expression levels of proteins that function in pathways such as
photosynthesis, energy metabolism, stress defense, protein metabolism and
signal transduction. Combination of physiological and molecular results in
proteomic studies in plants allows the discovery of some potential proteins or
metabolic pathways for drought tolerance. In this review, we discussed recent
information on plant responses to drought stress at protein level.

Keywords

Drought stress, Drought tolerance, Proteomics, Defense mechanisms

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