Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. Uçucu Yağının Biyoherbisidal Etkisi

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 11 - 20, 01.04.2012

Melih Yılar Yusuf Bayan Selçuk Özcan Hüseyin Akşit İzzet Kadıoğlu

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit bitkisinin toprak üstü sürgün+yaprak+çiçek aksamından elde edilen uçucu yağın farklı bitkilerin çimlenme ve fide gelişimine olan herbisidal etkisinin araştırılması amacıyla Samsun yöresinden 2010 yılnda toplanan A. scoparia bitkisinden uçucu yağ ekstre edilmiştir. Elde edilen uçucu yağın GC-MS ile analizi sonucunda, Artemisia ketone %32.76 , Camphor %19.45 , β-vatirenene %7.84 , Caryophyllene %4.45 , Guaiene %4.35 , αpinene %2.52 ve Carveol %2.22 temel bileşenleri olarak bulunmuştur. Herbisidal etkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yürütülen çalışmalarda 6 cm çaplı petri kaplarına 2 kat halinde kurutma kağıdı yerleştirilmiş ve Abutilon theoprasti Medik, Agrostemma githago L.,, Rumex crispus L., Sinapis arvensis L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L., Lactuca sativa L. ve Lepidium sativum L. tohumları homojen olarak dağıtılmış ve kurutma kağıtları distile su kullanılarak iyice nemlendirilmiştir. Her bir petri kabının kapağına zamkla bir parça kurutma kağıdı köşesinden yapıştırılmış, daha sonra bir mikropipet kullanılarak 4 ayrı konsantrasyonda 0, 3, 5 ve 7 µl/petri uçucu yağlar bu kağıt parçası üzerine damlatılıp, petri kapakları hemen örtülerek parafilm ile sıkıca sarılmıştır. Petri kapları 12 saat aydınlık-12 saat karanlık ve ortalama 24 oC koşullarda 7 gün süre ile inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. İnkübasyon süresi sonunda çimlenme oranı, kök ve sürgün boyları belirlenmiştir. A. scoparia uçucu yağının uygulanan tüm konsantrasyonlarında A. githago, A. retroflexus, S. arvensis, C. album ve L. sativa bitkilerinin tohum çimlenmesi ile kök ve sürgün gelişimini tamamen engellemiştir

Keywords

Uçucu yağ, Biyoherbisit, Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit

Bioherbicidal Effect of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit Essential oil

Abstract

In this study bioherbicidal effects of essential oil obtained from ground parts shoots + leaves + flowers of Artemisia scopaia plant on seed germination and seedling growth of different plant species were investigated. Essential oil were extracted from A. scoparia plant collected in 2010 from Samsun. The chemical composition of essential oil were Artemisia ketone 32.76% , Camphor 19.45% , β-vatirenene 7.84% , Caryophyllene 4.45% , Guaiene 4.35% , α-pinene 2.52% , Carveol 2.22% based on GC-MS analysis. To determine herbicidal activities of the essential oil, two layers of filter paper were placed bottom of 6cm diameter disposable petri dishes then seeds of Abutilon theoprasti L., Agrostemma githago L., Rumex crispus L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Sinapis arvensis L., Chenopodium album L., Lactuca sativa L., and Lepidium sativum L..were homogeneously distributed on filter paper. Filter papers were thoroughly moistened using distilled water. Piece of fitler paper was glued inner parts of each petridish’s lid. Four different concentrations 0, 3, 5 ve 7 µl/petri of the essential oil were applied to the filterpaper pieces. Then lid of each petridish was closed immediatelly and sealed with parafilm. Petri dishes were incubation at 12 hours dark -12 hours light periods with an average temperature of 24 oC for 3 weeks. At the end of incubation period, germination rates, root and shoot lengths of the test plants were determined. All concentrations of A. scoparia essential oil were completely inhibited seed germination, root and shoot growth of A. githago., A. retroflexus, S. arvensis, C. album and L. sativa plants. The 3-7µl/petri dose of essential oil was inhibited 68%- 87.9% seed germination of Rumex crispus

Keywords

Essential oil, Bioherbicide, Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit

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