Hydrothermal liquefaction of Xanthium Strumarium L. in the presence of Co/TiO2, Mn/TiO2 and Co+Mn/TiO2 catalysts

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 1259 - 1273, 15.12.2024

Salih Genel

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.1509424

Abstract

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is the process of liquefying biomass under high pressure and temperature and is widely used to provide environmentally friendly energy and material conversion. In the HTL process, the selection of the right catalysts is critical to increase process efficiency and obtain products with high energy value. For this purpose, in this study, Co/TiO2, Mn/TiO2 and Co+Mn/TiO2 catalysts were synthesized, characterized by analysis methods such as SEM, SEM-EDX, XPS and ICP-OES and used in the HTL process of the Xanthium strumarium plant. The reaction temperature in HTS was determined as 275, 300 and 325 °C and the waiting time was determined as 30 minutes. At the end of the experiments, it was observed that the experiments with catalysts increased the amount of liquid product. Elemental and GC-MS analyzes of the obtained liquid products were performed. The highest energy value was obtained in the presence of the Mn/TiO2 catalyst.

Keywords

Biomass, Bioenergy, Hydrothermal liquefaction, Catalyst, TiO2

Xanthium Strumarium L. bitkisinin Co/TiO2, Mn/TiO2 ve Co+Mn/TiO2 katalizörleri varlığında hidrotermal yöntemle sıvılaştırılması

Abstract

Hidrotermal sıvılaştırma (HTS), biyokütlenin yüksek basınç ve sıcaklık altında sıvı hale getirilmesi sürecidir ve çevre dostu enerji ve malzeme dönüşümü sağlamak için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. HTS sürecinde, doğru katalizörlerin seçimi, süreç verimliliğini artırmak ve enerji değeri yüksek ürünler elde etmek açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada Co/TiO2, Mn/TiO2 ve Co+Mn/TiO2 katalizörleri sentezlenmiş, SEM, SEM-EDX, XPS ve ICP-OES gibi analiz yöntemleri ile karakterize edilmiştir ve Xanthium strumarium bitkisinin HTS prosesinde kullanılmıştır. HTS prosesinde reaksiyon sıcaklığı 275, 300 ve 325 °C bekleme süresi ise 30 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Deneyler sonunda katalizörlü denemelerin sıvı ürün miktarını artırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen sıvı ürünlerin Elementel ve GC-MS analizleri yapılmıştır. En yüksek enerji değeri, Mn/TiO2 katalizörü varlığında elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Biyokütle, Biyoenerji, Hidrotermal sıvılaştırma, Katalizör, TiO2

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