D Vitamini Ve Gestasyonel Diyabet

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 454 - 467, 01.07.2015

Nilgün Seremet Kürklü Aylin Ayaz

Öz

Gestasyonel diabetes mellitus (GDM), gebelik esnasında gelişen β hücre disfonksiyonu ve insülin direnci olarak tanımlanır. Gestasyonel diyabet, anne ve fetusta bir çok komplikasyona neden olabilmektedir. Normoglisemi sağlanamamış gestasyonel diyabetli kadınlar sezaryan doğum ve ileriki yaşamlarında tip 2 diyabet gelişimi riskine sahip olurken, çocuklarda ise fetal makrozomi, omuz distosisi, konjenital anomali, neonatal mortalite, hipoglisemi ve ilerleyen yaşlarda obezite ve tip 2 Diyabet görülme riski yüksektir. Literatürde, gebelerde D vitamini eksikliğinin sık görüldüğü belirtilmektedir. Gebelik döneminde D vitamini yetersizliğinin yenidoğan ve bebeklik dönemindeki D vitamini eksikliği için en önemli risk faktörü olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle de maternal D vitamini eksikliğinin neonatal hipokalsemi, kemik yoğunluğunun azalması ve rikets riskinin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmasının yanı sıra, annede sezaryan doğum, preeklempsi riskini arttırmaktadır. Gebelerde D vitamini ve gestasyonel diyabet arasındaki ilişkiyi gösteren az sayıda çalışma mevcut iken sonuçları çelişkilidir. Bu derlemede gestasyonel diyabet ve D vitamini arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

D vitamini, Gestasyonel Diyabet, Gebelik, Maternal D Vitamin

Vitamin D And Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Öz

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is described as B cell dysfunction and insulin resistance during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes can cause important complications for mother and fetus. Women with gestational diabetes has not been achieved normoglycaemia having a risk for cesarean delivery and the development of type 2 diabetes in later life; fetal chromosomes, shoulder dystocia, congenital malformations, neonatal mortality, hypoglycemia, and advancing age, obesity and type 2 diabetes risk seen are high in children. In the literature, vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women is stated. Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is the most important risk factor for vitamin D deficiency of newborn and infancy, therefore, maternal vitamin D deficiency causues neonatal hypocalcemia, bone density decreases and the emergence of rickets risk , as well as maternal cesarean delivery and preeclampsia risk increases. There were few studies demonstrating the relationship between vitamin D and gestational diabetes in pregnant women, while results are conflicting. In this review, aimed to evaluate the relationship between gestational diabetes and vitamin D.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vitamin D, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Pregnancy, Maternal Vitamin D

Kaynakça

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