Araştırma Makalesi
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Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 340 - 349, 02.01.2021

Fatma Uslu Şahan , Füsun Terzioğlu

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.753529
Cited By: 4

Öz

Kanser gibi yaşamı tehdit eden hastalığa sahip bireylerde manevi gereksinimler soyut ve karmaşık olup ölçümü güçtür. Bu nedenle kanser hastalarında ölçümü daha kolay olan fiziksel gereksinimler öncelikle ele alınmakta, manevi gereksinimler gözden kaçabilmektedir. Araştırmada, kanser hastası ile en fazla zaman geçiren sağlık profesyonellerinden hemşirelerin manevi bakım ve uygulamaları ile manevi bakım hizmeti sunarken karşılaşabilecekleri engeller konusunda görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmanın örneklemini bir üniversite hastanesinin onkoloji kliniklerinde çalışan 134 hemşire oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Hemşirelerin, %69,4’ünün kendilerini manevi açıdan oldukça güçlü olarak tanımladıkları, %50,7’sinin hastalarına bazen manevi bakım uyguladıkları, %81,3’ünün, manevi bakım konusunda eğitim almadıkları saptanmıştır. Hemşireler manevi bakımda “hastalar için önemli olan manevi aktivitelerin ve inanışların desteklenmesi (%68,6)” nin hastalar için çoğu zaman uygun bir uygulama olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Hemşireler manevi bakımda karşılaşılan en önemli engelleri; “yeterli zaman yokluğu (%94,8)”, “hasta ile manevi konuların konuşulup tartışılabileceği özel mekanların yokluğu (%89,5)” ve “manevi konularda eğitim eksikliği (%83,6)” olarak belirtmişlerdir.
Onkoloji hemşirelerin mezuniyet sonrası eğitimler ile manevi bakım konusunda bilgi düzeylerinin iyileştirilmesi; manevi bakımın sadece teorik eğitim ile kalmaması, hastaların gereksinimleri doğrultusunda manevi bakım uygulamalarının sıklığının arttırılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemşirelik bakımı Kanser Manevi Bakım Onkoloji hemşireliği

Kaynakça

  • 1. Puchalski, CM, Sbrana, A, Ferrell, B, Jafari, N, King, S, Balboni T, ve ark. (2019). “Interprofessional spiritual care in oncology: a literature review.” ESMO open, 4 (1), 1-12.
  • 2. Erişen, M, Karaca Sivrikaya, S. (2017). “Manevi bakım ve hemşirelik.” GÜSBD, 6 (3), 184-190.
  • 3. Balboni, TA, Balboni, M, Enzinger, AC, Gallivan, K, Paulk, ME, Wright A. ve ark. (2013). “Provision of spiritual support to patients with advanced cancer by religious communities and associations with medical care at the end of life.” JAMA Intern Med, 173 (12), 1109-17.
  • 4. Pearce, MJ, Coan, AD, Herndon, JE, Koenig, HG, Abernethy, AP. (2012). “Unmet spiritual care needs impact emotional and spiritual well-being in advanced cancer patients.” Support Care Cancer. 20 (10), 2269-76.
  • 5. Balboni, T, Balboni, M, Paulk, ME, Phelps, A, Wright, A, Peteet, J, ve ark. (2011). “Support of cancer patients' spiritual needs and associations with medical care costs at the end of life.” Cancer, 117 (23), 5383-91.
  • 6. Bar-Sela, G, Schultz, MJ, Elshamy, K, Rassouli, M, Ben-Arye, E, Doumit, M, Ozalp, G ve ark. (2019). “Human Development Index and its association with staff spiritual care provision: a Middle Eastern oncology study.” Support Care Cancer, 27, 3601-10.
  • 7. Bar-Sela, G, Schultz, MJ, Elshamy, K, Rassouli, M, Ben-Arye E, Doumit, M, ve ark. (2019). “Training for awareness of one's own spirituality: A key factor in overcoming barriers to the provision of spiritual care to advanced cancer patients by doctors and nurses.” Palliat Support Care, 17 (3), 345-52.
  • 8. O'brien, MR, Kinloch, K, Groves, KE, Jack, BA. (2019). “Meeting patients’ spiritual needs during end‐of‐life care: A qualitative study of nurses’ and healthcare professionals’ perceptions of spiritual care training.” J Clin Nurs, 28 (1-2), 182-189.
  • 9. Osman, H, Shrestha, S, Temin, S. (2018). “Palliative care in the global setting: ASCO Resource-Stratifed practice guideline.” J Glob Oncol, 4, 1–24.
  • 10. Ehman, J. (2018). “References to Spirituality, Religion, Beliefs, and Cultural Diversity in the Joint Commission's Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals.” http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/pastoral/resed/JCAHOrefs.pdf (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 11. Balboni, TA, Vanderwerker, LC, Block, SD, Paulk, ME, Lathan, CS, Peteet, JR, ve ark. (2007). “Religiousness and spiritual support among advanced cancer patients and associations with end-of-life treatment preferences and quality of life.” J Clin Oncol, 25 (5), 555-60.
  • 12. Thompson, GN, Chochinov, HM, Wilson, KG, McPherson, CJ, Chary, S, O'Shea, FM, ve ark. (2009). “Prognostic acceptance and the well-being of patients receiving palliative care for cancer.” J Clin Oncol, 27 (34), 5757-62.
  • 13. Tarakeshwar, N, Vanderwerker, LC, Paulk, E, Pearce, MJ, Kasl, SV, Prigerson, HG. (2006). “Religious coping is associated with the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer.” J Palliat Med, 9 (3), 646-57.
  • 14. Narayanasamy, A, Owens, J. (2001). “A critical incident study of nurses’responses to the spiritual needs of their.” J Adv Nurs, 33 (4), 446-55.
  • 15. Carpenter, K, Girvin, L, Kitner, W, Ruth-Sahd, LA. (2008). “Spirituality: A dimension of holistic critical care nursing.” Dimens Crit Care Nurs, 27 (1), 16-20.
  • 16. Taylor, EJ, Mamier, I, Ricci-Allegra, P, Foith, J. (2017). “Self-reported frequency of nurse-provided spiritual care.” Appl Nurs Res, 35, 30-35.
  • 17. Phelps, AC, Lauderdale, KE, Alcorn, S, Dillinger, J, Balboni, MT, Van Wert, M, ve ark. (2012). “Addressing spirituality within the care of patients at the end of life: perspectives of patients with advanced cancer, oncologists, and oncology nurses.” J Clin Oncol, 30 (20), 2538-44.
  • 18. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2015). “Hastanelerde Manevi Destek Sunmaya Yönelik İşbirliği Protokolü.” https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,558/hastanelerde-manevi-destek-sunmaya-yonelik-isbirligi-protokolu-imzalandi.html (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 19. Sağlık Bakanlığı Sakarya İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü. (2019). “Hastanelerde Manevi Destek ve Rehberlik Hizmeti.” https://sakaryaeah.saglik.gov.tr/TR,20365/hastanelerde-manevi-destek-ve-rehberlik-hizmeti.html (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 20. National Consensus Project. (2018). “Clinical Practice Guidelines for Quality Palliative Care.” https://www.nationalcoalitionhpc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/NCHPC-NCPGuidelines_4thED_web_FINAL.pdf (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 21. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. (2019). “Health Care Guideline: Palliative Care for Adults.” https://www.icsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/PalliativeCare082219_public-comment_v2.pdf (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020) 22. International Council of Nurses. (2002). “Nursing Definitions” https://www.icn.ch/nursing-policy/nursing-definitions#:~:text=ICN%2C%202002),care%20and%20other%20community%20settings. (Erişim tarihi:10.08.2020)
  • 23. Çelik İnce, S, Utaş Akhan, L. (2016). “Öğrenci hemşirelerim maneviyat ve manevi bakıma ilişkin algıları”. HEAD, 13 (3), 202-08.
  • 24. Sawatzky, R, Pesut, B, Sawatzky, R, Pesut, B. (2005). Attributes of spiritual care in nursing practice. J Holist Nurs, 23 (1), 19-33.
  • 25. Kavas, E, Kavas, N. (2014). “Spiritual support perception (MDA) scale: development, validity and reliability.” Turkish Studies, 9 (2), 905-15.
  • 26. Balboni, MJ, Sullivan, A, Enzinger, AC, Epstein-Peterson, ZD, Tseng, YD, Mitchell, C, ve ark. (2014). “Nurse and physician barriers to spiritual care provision at the end of life.” J Pain Symptom Manage, 48, 400–10.
  • 27. Memaryan, N, Jolfaei, AG, Ghaempanah, Z, Shirvani, A, Vand, HD, Ghahari, S, ve ark. (2016). “Spiritual care for cancer patients in Iran.” Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 17 (9), 4289-94.
  • 28. Sülü Uğurlu, E. (2014). “Hemşirelikte manevi bakımın uygulanması.” Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (3), 187–91.
  • 29. Mamier, I, Taylor, EJ, Winslow, BW. (2019). “Nurse spiritual care: prevalence and correlates.” West J Nurs Res, 41 (4), 537–54.
  • 30. Taylor, EJ, Mamier, I, Ricci-Allegra, P, Foith, J. (2017). “Self-reported frequency of nurse-provided spiritual care.” Appl Nurs Res, 35, 30–5.
  • 31. Lovanio, K, Wallace, M. (2007). “Promoting spiritual knowledge and attitudes.” Holist Nurs Pract, 21 (1), 42–7.
  • 32. Mcsherry, W, Jamieson, S. (2013). “The qualitative findings from an online survey investigating nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care.” J Clin Nurs, 22 (21–22), 3170–82.
  • 33. Selby, D, Seccaraccia, D, Huth, J, Kurrpa, K, Fitch, M. (2016). “A qualitative analysis of a healthcare professional’s understanding and approach to management of spiritual distress in an acute care setting.” J Palliat Med, 19 (11), 1197–204.

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 340 - 349, 02.01.2021

Fatma Uslu Şahan , Füsun Terzioğlu

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.753529
Cited By: 4

Öz

Spiritual needs are intangible and complex and difficult to measure in individuals with life-threatening diseases such as cancer. For this reason, physical needs, which are easier to measure in cancer patients, are primarily addressed and spiritual needs can be overlooked. The aim of the study was to determine the views of nurses, who spend the most time with cancer patients, who care for cancer patients about the spiritual care and practices and the barriers they may encounter while providing spiritual care.
The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 134 nurses working in the oncology clinics of a university hospital. A semi-structured questionnaire were used for data collection.
It was found that 69.4% of nurses described themselves as highly spiritual, 50.7% of them sometimes applied spiritual care to their patients, 81.3% of the nurses did not receive training in spiritual care. The majority of nurses stated that "supporting spiritual activities and beliefs that are important for patients (68.6%)" in spiritual care are often appropriate for patients. Nurses indicated the most important obstacles encountered in spiritual care as “lack of sufficient time (94.8%)”, “the absence of special places to discuss and discuss spiritual issues with the patient (89.5%)” and “lack of education in spiritual subjects (83.6%)”.
It is recommended to improve oncology nurses’ level of knowledge about spiritual care through postgraduate training; to increase the frequency of spiritual care practices in line with the needs of the patients, not only with the theoretical education of spiritual care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cancer Spiritual Care Nursing Care Oncology Nursing

Kaynakça

  • 1. Puchalski, CM, Sbrana, A, Ferrell, B, Jafari, N, King, S, Balboni T, ve ark. (2019). “Interprofessional spiritual care in oncology: a literature review.” ESMO open, 4 (1), 1-12.
  • 2. Erişen, M, Karaca Sivrikaya, S. (2017). “Manevi bakım ve hemşirelik.” GÜSBD, 6 (3), 184-190.
  • 3. Balboni, TA, Balboni, M, Enzinger, AC, Gallivan, K, Paulk, ME, Wright A. ve ark. (2013). “Provision of spiritual support to patients with advanced cancer by religious communities and associations with medical care at the end of life.” JAMA Intern Med, 173 (12), 1109-17.
  • 4. Pearce, MJ, Coan, AD, Herndon, JE, Koenig, HG, Abernethy, AP. (2012). “Unmet spiritual care needs impact emotional and spiritual well-being in advanced cancer patients.” Support Care Cancer. 20 (10), 2269-76.
  • 5. Balboni, T, Balboni, M, Paulk, ME, Phelps, A, Wright, A, Peteet, J, ve ark. (2011). “Support of cancer patients' spiritual needs and associations with medical care costs at the end of life.” Cancer, 117 (23), 5383-91.
  • 6. Bar-Sela, G, Schultz, MJ, Elshamy, K, Rassouli, M, Ben-Arye, E, Doumit, M, Ozalp, G ve ark. (2019). “Human Development Index and its association with staff spiritual care provision: a Middle Eastern oncology study.” Support Care Cancer, 27, 3601-10.
  • 7. Bar-Sela, G, Schultz, MJ, Elshamy, K, Rassouli, M, Ben-Arye E, Doumit, M, ve ark. (2019). “Training for awareness of one's own spirituality: A key factor in overcoming barriers to the provision of spiritual care to advanced cancer patients by doctors and nurses.” Palliat Support Care, 17 (3), 345-52.
  • 8. O'brien, MR, Kinloch, K, Groves, KE, Jack, BA. (2019). “Meeting patients’ spiritual needs during end‐of‐life care: A qualitative study of nurses’ and healthcare professionals’ perceptions of spiritual care training.” J Clin Nurs, 28 (1-2), 182-189.
  • 9. Osman, H, Shrestha, S, Temin, S. (2018). “Palliative care in the global setting: ASCO Resource-Stratifed practice guideline.” J Glob Oncol, 4, 1–24.
  • 10. Ehman, J. (2018). “References to Spirituality, Religion, Beliefs, and Cultural Diversity in the Joint Commission's Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals.” http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/pastoral/resed/JCAHOrefs.pdf (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 11. Balboni, TA, Vanderwerker, LC, Block, SD, Paulk, ME, Lathan, CS, Peteet, JR, ve ark. (2007). “Religiousness and spiritual support among advanced cancer patients and associations with end-of-life treatment preferences and quality of life.” J Clin Oncol, 25 (5), 555-60.
  • 12. Thompson, GN, Chochinov, HM, Wilson, KG, McPherson, CJ, Chary, S, O'Shea, FM, ve ark. (2009). “Prognostic acceptance and the well-being of patients receiving palliative care for cancer.” J Clin Oncol, 27 (34), 5757-62.
  • 13. Tarakeshwar, N, Vanderwerker, LC, Paulk, E, Pearce, MJ, Kasl, SV, Prigerson, HG. (2006). “Religious coping is associated with the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer.” J Palliat Med, 9 (3), 646-57.
  • 14. Narayanasamy, A, Owens, J. (2001). “A critical incident study of nurses’responses to the spiritual needs of their.” J Adv Nurs, 33 (4), 446-55.
  • 15. Carpenter, K, Girvin, L, Kitner, W, Ruth-Sahd, LA. (2008). “Spirituality: A dimension of holistic critical care nursing.” Dimens Crit Care Nurs, 27 (1), 16-20.
  • 16. Taylor, EJ, Mamier, I, Ricci-Allegra, P, Foith, J. (2017). “Self-reported frequency of nurse-provided spiritual care.” Appl Nurs Res, 35, 30-35.
  • 17. Phelps, AC, Lauderdale, KE, Alcorn, S, Dillinger, J, Balboni, MT, Van Wert, M, ve ark. (2012). “Addressing spirituality within the care of patients at the end of life: perspectives of patients with advanced cancer, oncologists, and oncology nurses.” J Clin Oncol, 30 (20), 2538-44.
  • 18. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2015). “Hastanelerde Manevi Destek Sunmaya Yönelik İşbirliği Protokolü.” https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,558/hastanelerde-manevi-destek-sunmaya-yonelik-isbirligi-protokolu-imzalandi.html (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 19. Sağlık Bakanlığı Sakarya İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü. (2019). “Hastanelerde Manevi Destek ve Rehberlik Hizmeti.” https://sakaryaeah.saglik.gov.tr/TR,20365/hastanelerde-manevi-destek-ve-rehberlik-hizmeti.html (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 20. National Consensus Project. (2018). “Clinical Practice Guidelines for Quality Palliative Care.” https://www.nationalcoalitionhpc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/NCHPC-NCPGuidelines_4thED_web_FINAL.pdf (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020)
  • 21. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. (2019). “Health Care Guideline: Palliative Care for Adults.” https://www.icsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/PalliativeCare082219_public-comment_v2.pdf (Erişim tarihi:16.06.2020) 22. International Council of Nurses. (2002). “Nursing Definitions” https://www.icn.ch/nursing-policy/nursing-definitions#:~:text=ICN%2C%202002),care%20and%20other%20community%20settings. (Erişim tarihi:10.08.2020)
  • 23. Çelik İnce, S, Utaş Akhan, L. (2016). “Öğrenci hemşirelerim maneviyat ve manevi bakıma ilişkin algıları”. HEAD, 13 (3), 202-08.
  • 24. Sawatzky, R, Pesut, B, Sawatzky, R, Pesut, B. (2005). Attributes of spiritual care in nursing practice. J Holist Nurs, 23 (1), 19-33.
  • 25. Kavas, E, Kavas, N. (2014). “Spiritual support perception (MDA) scale: development, validity and reliability.” Turkish Studies, 9 (2), 905-15.
  • 26. Balboni, MJ, Sullivan, A, Enzinger, AC, Epstein-Peterson, ZD, Tseng, YD, Mitchell, C, ve ark. (2014). “Nurse and physician barriers to spiritual care provision at the end of life.” J Pain Symptom Manage, 48, 400–10.
  • 27. Memaryan, N, Jolfaei, AG, Ghaempanah, Z, Shirvani, A, Vand, HD, Ghahari, S, ve ark. (2016). “Spiritual care for cancer patients in Iran.” Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 17 (9), 4289-94.
  • 28. Sülü Uğurlu, E. (2014). “Hemşirelikte manevi bakımın uygulanması.” Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (3), 187–91.
  • 29. Mamier, I, Taylor, EJ, Winslow, BW. (2019). “Nurse spiritual care: prevalence and correlates.” West J Nurs Res, 41 (4), 537–54.
  • 30. Taylor, EJ, Mamier, I, Ricci-Allegra, P, Foith, J. (2017). “Self-reported frequency of nurse-provided spiritual care.” Appl Nurs Res, 35, 30–5.
  • 31. Lovanio, K, Wallace, M. (2007). “Promoting spiritual knowledge and attitudes.” Holist Nurs Pract, 21 (1), 42–7.
  • 32. Mcsherry, W, Jamieson, S. (2013). “The qualitative findings from an online survey investigating nurses’ perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care.” J Clin Nurs, 22 (21–22), 3170–82.
  • 33. Selby, D, Seccaraccia, D, Huth, J, Kurrpa, K, Fitch, M. (2016). “A qualitative analysis of a healthcare professional’s understanding and approach to management of spiritual distress in an acute care setting.” J Palliat Med, 19 (11), 1197–204.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Fatma Uslu Şahan 0000-0001-6451-296X

Füsun Terzioğlu 0000-0002-8457-0048

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Uslu Şahan, F., & Terzioğlu, F. (2021). Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(4), 340-349. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.753529
AMA Uslu Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Ocak 2021;9(4):340-349. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.753529
Chicago Uslu Şahan, Fatma, ve Füsun Terzioğlu. “Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları Ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 9, sy. 4 (Ocak 2021): 340-49. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.753529.
EndNote Uslu Şahan F, Terzioğlu F (01 Ocak 2021) Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 9 4 340–349.
IEEE F. Uslu Şahan ve F. Terzioğlu, “Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller”, Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 4, ss. 340–349, 2021, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.753529.
ISNAD Uslu Şahan, Fatma - Terzioğlu, Füsun. “Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları Ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 9/4 (Ocak 2021), 340-349. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.753529.
JAMA Uslu Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;9:340–349.
MLA Uslu Şahan, Fatma ve Füsun Terzioğlu. “Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları Ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 4, 2021, ss. 340-9, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.753529.
Vancouver Uslu Şahan F, Terzioğlu F. Hemşirelerin Kanser Hastalarına Yönelik Manevi Bakım Uygulamaları ve Karşılaştıkları Engeller. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;9(4):340-9.

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Evaluation of Midwives’ Perceptions of Spirituality and Spiritual Care in Aydın, Turkey
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