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The Adaptation of the Scale for Collaboration between Physicians and Nurses in Primary Healthcare Teams into Turkish: The Validity and Reliability Study

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 44 - 53, 19.03.2022

Kürşat Yurdakoş Kutay Yüzüak

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.870441

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze whether the Turkish form of “The Scale for Collaboration between Physicians and Nurses in Primary Healthcare Teams” is a valid and reliable tool for the physicians and nurses in Turkey. This is a methodological study. The population of the study includes 273 healthcare professionals (135 physicians and 138 nurses). In scale studies, the number of participants should be 5-10 times the number of items. The original scale contains 13 items, and the sample size is 130 (13x10=130) participants. The scale content validity was evaluated by 12 experts. The construct validity of the scale was measured by confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency by Cronbach alpha coefficient, and test-retest reliability was measured by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. IBM SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 software was used in the analysis. In the research, a construct with three factors was determined as in the original scale: “Goal Oriented Team Synergy,” “Organizational Background for Teamwork” and “Competence.” Cronbach alpha index is 0.88 and ICC value is 0.87. The model fit indices are in the acceptable interval; χ2/df=1,485, CFI=0.972, TLI=0.962, RMSEA=0.061, NFI=0.919, GFI=0.917, IFI=0.972. This study has revealed the reliability of the Turkish form of a new tool that can be used to measure the collaboration between physicians and nurses in primary healthcare teams. The team collaboration between physicians and nurses will contribute greatly to maximize health policies and programs.

Keywords

Primary Healthcare Services Teamwork Physician Nurse Scale Adaptation

References

  • Starfield, B. (2003). The Effectiveness of Primary Health Care. Chapter 1. In: Lakhani M, Southgate L, eds. A Celebration of General Practice. Oxon, UK: Radcliffe, 19-36.
  • Ayhan Başer, D, Rabia Kahveci, R, Koç, E.M, Kasım, İ, Şencan, İ. ve Özkara, A. (2015). “Etkin Sağlık Sistemleri İçin Güçlü Birinci Basamak”. Ankara Med J, 15 (1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.47853
  • Sangaleti, C.T, Schveitzer, M.C, Peduzzi, M, Zoboli, E.L.C.P. and Soares, C.B. (2017). “Experiences and Shared Meaning of Teamwork and Interprofessional Collaboration Among Health Care Professionals in Primary Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review”. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 15 (11), 2723–2788.
  • Dieleman, S.L, Farris, K.B, Feeny, D, Johnson, J.A, Tsuyuki, R.T. and Brilliant, S. (2004). “Primary Health Care Teams: Team Members’ Perceptions of the Collaborative Process”. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 18 (1), 75–78.
  • Jaruseviciene, L, Liseckiene, I, Valius, L, Kontrimiene, A, Jarusevicius, G. and Lapão, L.V. (2013). “Teamwork in Primary Care: Perspectives of General Practitioners and Community Nurses in Lithuania”. BMC Family Practice, 14, 118. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-14-118
  • Kohn, L.T, Corrigan, J. and Donaldson, M.S. (2000). “To Err is Human: Building A Safer Health System”. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
  • Bozdemir N. (1997). “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Aile Hekimliği”. Aile Hekimliği Ders Notları, Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yayınları, 1- 17.
  • Boon, H, Verhoef, M, O’Hara, D. and Findlay, B. (2004). “From Parallel Practice to Integrative Health Care: A Conceptual Framework”. BMC Health Services Research, 4, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-4-15
  • Shoemaker, S.J, Parchman, M.L, Fuda, K.K, Schaefer, J, Levin, J, Hunt, M. and Ricciardi, R. (2016). “A Review of Instruments to Measure Interprofessional Team-Based Primary Care”. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 30, 423-432.
  • Dietz, A.S, Pronovost, P.J, Mendez-Tellez, P.A, Wyskiel, R, Marsteller, J.A, Thompson, D.A. and Rosen, M.A. (2014). “A Systematic Review of Teamwork in the Intensive Care Unit: What Do We Know About Teamwork, Team Tasks, and Improvement Strategies?”. Journal of Critical Care, 29 (6), 908–914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.03.024
  • Busse, R, Blümel, M, Scheller-Kreinsen, D. and Zentner, A. (2010). “Tackling Chronic Disease in Europe: Strategies, Interventions and Challenges”. World Health Organization on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/326484
  • Palmer, K, Marengoni, A, Forjaz, M.J, Jureviciene, E, Laatikainen, T, Mammarella, F. and Onder, G. (2018). “Multimorbidity Care Model: Recommendations From the Consensus Meeting of the Joint Action on Chronic Diseases and Promoting Healthy Ageing Across the Life Cycle (JA-CHRODIS)”. Health Policy, 122 (1), 4–11.
  • Dubois, C.A, McKee, M. and Nolte, E. (2006). “Human Resources for Health in Europe”. Observatory Studies Series. World Health Organization, on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, 3 (4), 130–137.
  • Jaruseviciene, L, Kontrimiene, A, Zaborskis, A, Ida Liseckiene, I, Jarusevicius, G, Valius, L. and Lazarus, J.V. (2019). “Development of a Scale for Measuring Collaboration Between Physicians and Nurses in Primary Health-Care Teams”. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 33 (6), 1-10.
  • Bryant, F.B. and Yarnold, P.R. (1995). “Principal-Components Analysis and Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis”. In Grimm LG & Yarnold PR (Eds.). Reading and understanding multivariate statistics. Sch Psychol, 99-136.
  • Worthington, R.L. and Whittaker, T.A. (2006). “Scale Development Research: A Content Analysis and Recommendations for Best Practices”. Couns Psychol, 34, 806-838. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006288127
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2005). “Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi”. 2. Baskı. İstanbul, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 20.
  • Crocker, L. and Algina, J. (1986). “Introduction to Classical and Modern Test Theory”. Ohio (ABD): Cengage Learning press, 287-477.
  • Polit, D.F. and Beck, C.T. (2006). “The Content Validity Index: Are You Sure You Know What’s Being Reported? Critique and Recommendations”. Res Nurs Health, 29 (5), 489-497.
  • Lawshe, C.H. (1975). “A Quantitative Approach to Content Validity”. Personnel Psychology, 28 (4), 563-575.
  • Kline, R.B. (2016). “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling”. 4th Ed. New York, Londan, The Guilford Press, 188-336.
  • Hair Jr, J.F, Black, W.C, Babin, B.J. and Anderson, R.E. (2013). “Multivariate Data Analysis”. (7th ed.). Nova Jersey: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Coombs, W. and Schroeder, H. (1988). “An Analysis of Factor Analytic Data”. Pers Individ Dif, 9, 79-85.
  • Beaton, D.E, Bombardier, C, Guillemin, F. and Ferraz, M.B. (2000). “Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Selfreport Measures”. Spine, 25 (24), 3186-3191.
  • Ayre, C. and Scally, A.J. (2017). “Critical Values for Lawshe’s Content Validity Ratio”. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47 (1), 79–86.
  • Tavakol, M. and Dennick, R. (2011). “Making Sense of Cronbach’s Alpha”. Int J Med Educ, 2, 53–55.
  • Yardımcı, F, Başbakkal, Z, Beytut, D, Muslu, G. ve Ersun, A. (2012). “Ekip Çalışması Tutumları Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması”. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13, 131-137.
  • Düzgün, F, Uzelli Yılmaz, D, Karaman, D, Gökdere Çinar, H, Dikmen, Y. ve Yılmaz, D. (2019). “Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Ekip Çalışması Tutumlarının İncelenmesi”. Journal of Contemporary Medicine, 9 (1), 32-36.
  • Çelik, A. ve Karaca, A. (2017). “Hemşirelerde Ekip Çalışması ve Motivasyon Arasındaki İlişkinin ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi”. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 14 (4), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.5222/HEAD.2017.254
  • McInnes, S, Peters, K, Bonney, A. and Halcomb, E. (2015). “An Integrative Review of Facilitators and Barriers Influencing Collaboration and Teamwork Between General Practitioners and Nurses Working in General Practice”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71 (9), 1973–1985. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.2015.71.issue-9
  • Mulvale, G, Embrett, M. and Razavi, S.D. (2016). “Gearing Up” to Improve Interprofessional Collaboration in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Framework”. BMC Family Practice, 17, 83.
  • Salas, E, Cooke, N.J. and Rosen, R.A. (2008). “On Teams, Teamwork, and Team Performance: Discoveriesand Developments”. The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 50 (3), 540-547.
  • Salas, E, Sims, D.E. and Burke, C.S. (2005). “Is There A Big Five in Team-work?”. Small Group Research, 36 (5), 555-599.
  • Finley, E.P, Pugh, J.A, Lanham, H.J, Leykum, L.K, Cornell, J, Veerapaneni, P. and Parchman, M.L. (2013). “Relationship Quality and Patient-Assessed Quality of Care in VA Primary Care Clinics: Development and Validation of The Work Relationships Scale”. Annals of Family Medicine, 11 (6), 543–549. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1554
  • Sexton, J.B, Helmreich, R.L, Neilands, T.B, Rowan, K, Vella, K, Boyden, J. and Thomas, E.J. (2006). “The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties, Benchmarking Data, and Emerging Research”. BMC Health Services Research, 6, 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-6-44
  • Ushiro, R. (2009). “Nurse–Physician Collaboration Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65 (7), 1497-1508.
  • Orchard, C, Pederson, L.L, Read, E, Mahler, C. and Laschinger, H. (2018). “Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS): Further Testing and Instrument Revision”. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 38 (1), 11-18.
  • Ohman-Strickland, P.A, John Orzano, A, Nutting, P.A, Perry Dickinson, W, Scott-Cawiezell, J, Hahn, K. and Crabtree, B.F. (2007). “Measuring Organizational Attributes of Primary Care Practices: Development of A New Instrument”. Health Services Research, 42 (3 Pt 1), 1257-1273.
  • Stock, R, Mahoney, E. and Carney, P.A. (2013). “Measuring Team Development in Clinical Care Settings”. Family Medicine, 45 (10), 691-700.
  • Sheiman, I, Shishkin, S. and Shevsky, V. (2018). “The Evolving Semashko Model of Primary Health Care: The Case of the Russian Federation”. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 11, 209-220. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S168399

Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 44 - 53, 19.03.2022

Kürşat Yurdakoş Kutay Yüzüak

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.870441

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeği” Türkçe formunun, ülkemiz hekim ve hemşireleri için geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olup olmadığını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma metodolojik tiptedir. Araştırmanın evreni 273 (135 hekim, 138 hemşire) sağlık çalışanıdır. Ölçek çalışmalarında, madde sayısının 5-10 katı katılımcıya ulaşılmalıdır. Orjinal ölçekte 13 madde olup, 130 (13x10=130) kişi örnekleme alınmıştır. Ölçek içerik geçerliliğini 12 uzman değerlendirmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliği doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle, iç tutarlılığı Cronbach alfa katsayısıyla ve test-tekrar test güvenilirliği ise Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ile ölçülmüştür. Analizlerde IBM SPSS 22 ve AMOS 22 programları kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, orijinal ölçekteki gibi üç faktörlü yapı belirlenmiştir: “Hedefe Yönelik Takım Sinerjisi”, “Takım Çalışması İçin Organizasyonel Altyapı” ve “Yetkinlik”. Cronbach alfa indeksi 0,88 ve ICC değeri 0,87’dir. Model uyum indeksleri kabul edilebilir aralık içindedir; χ2/df=1,485, CFI=0,972, TLI=0,962, RMSEA=0,061, NFI=0,919, GFI=0,917, IFI=0,972. Bu çalışma, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri ekiplerinde hekimler ve hemşirelerin iş birliğini ölçmek için kullanılabilecek yeni bir aracın Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliğini göstermiştir. Hekim ile hemşireler arasındaki ekip iş birliğinin, sağlık politika ve programlarının daha üst düzeye çıkarılmasına önemli ölçüde katkı sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri Ekip çalışması Hekim Hemşire Ölçek uyarlama

References

  • Starfield, B. (2003). The Effectiveness of Primary Health Care. Chapter 1. In: Lakhani M, Southgate L, eds. A Celebration of General Practice. Oxon, UK: Radcliffe, 19-36.
  • Ayhan Başer, D, Rabia Kahveci, R, Koç, E.M, Kasım, İ, Şencan, İ. ve Özkara, A. (2015). “Etkin Sağlık Sistemleri İçin Güçlü Birinci Basamak”. Ankara Med J, 15 (1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.47853
  • Sangaleti, C.T, Schveitzer, M.C, Peduzzi, M, Zoboli, E.L.C.P. and Soares, C.B. (2017). “Experiences and Shared Meaning of Teamwork and Interprofessional Collaboration Among Health Care Professionals in Primary Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review”. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 15 (11), 2723–2788.
  • Dieleman, S.L, Farris, K.B, Feeny, D, Johnson, J.A, Tsuyuki, R.T. and Brilliant, S. (2004). “Primary Health Care Teams: Team Members’ Perceptions of the Collaborative Process”. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 18 (1), 75–78.
  • Jaruseviciene, L, Liseckiene, I, Valius, L, Kontrimiene, A, Jarusevicius, G. and Lapão, L.V. (2013). “Teamwork in Primary Care: Perspectives of General Practitioners and Community Nurses in Lithuania”. BMC Family Practice, 14, 118. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-14-118
  • Kohn, L.T, Corrigan, J. and Donaldson, M.S. (2000). “To Err is Human: Building A Safer Health System”. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
  • Bozdemir N. (1997). “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Aile Hekimliği”. Aile Hekimliği Ders Notları, Adana: Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yayınları, 1- 17.
  • Boon, H, Verhoef, M, O’Hara, D. and Findlay, B. (2004). “From Parallel Practice to Integrative Health Care: A Conceptual Framework”. BMC Health Services Research, 4, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-4-15
  • Shoemaker, S.J, Parchman, M.L, Fuda, K.K, Schaefer, J, Levin, J, Hunt, M. and Ricciardi, R. (2016). “A Review of Instruments to Measure Interprofessional Team-Based Primary Care”. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 30, 423-432.
  • Dietz, A.S, Pronovost, P.J, Mendez-Tellez, P.A, Wyskiel, R, Marsteller, J.A, Thompson, D.A. and Rosen, M.A. (2014). “A Systematic Review of Teamwork in the Intensive Care Unit: What Do We Know About Teamwork, Team Tasks, and Improvement Strategies?”. Journal of Critical Care, 29 (6), 908–914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2014.03.024
  • Busse, R, Blümel, M, Scheller-Kreinsen, D. and Zentner, A. (2010). “Tackling Chronic Disease in Europe: Strategies, Interventions and Challenges”. World Health Organization on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/326484
  • Palmer, K, Marengoni, A, Forjaz, M.J, Jureviciene, E, Laatikainen, T, Mammarella, F. and Onder, G. (2018). “Multimorbidity Care Model: Recommendations From the Consensus Meeting of the Joint Action on Chronic Diseases and Promoting Healthy Ageing Across the Life Cycle (JA-CHRODIS)”. Health Policy, 122 (1), 4–11.
  • Dubois, C.A, McKee, M. and Nolte, E. (2006). “Human Resources for Health in Europe”. Observatory Studies Series. World Health Organization, on behalf of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, 3 (4), 130–137.
  • Jaruseviciene, L, Kontrimiene, A, Zaborskis, A, Ida Liseckiene, I, Jarusevicius, G, Valius, L. and Lazarus, J.V. (2019). “Development of a Scale for Measuring Collaboration Between Physicians and Nurses in Primary Health-Care Teams”. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 33 (6), 1-10.
  • Bryant, F.B. and Yarnold, P.R. (1995). “Principal-Components Analysis and Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis”. In Grimm LG & Yarnold PR (Eds.). Reading and understanding multivariate statistics. Sch Psychol, 99-136.
  • Worthington, R.L. and Whittaker, T.A. (2006). “Scale Development Research: A Content Analysis and Recommendations for Best Practices”. Couns Psychol, 34, 806-838. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006288127
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2005). “Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi”. 2. Baskı. İstanbul, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 20.
  • Crocker, L. and Algina, J. (1986). “Introduction to Classical and Modern Test Theory”. Ohio (ABD): Cengage Learning press, 287-477.
  • Polit, D.F. and Beck, C.T. (2006). “The Content Validity Index: Are You Sure You Know What’s Being Reported? Critique and Recommendations”. Res Nurs Health, 29 (5), 489-497.
  • Lawshe, C.H. (1975). “A Quantitative Approach to Content Validity”. Personnel Psychology, 28 (4), 563-575.
  • Kline, R.B. (2016). “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling”. 4th Ed. New York, Londan, The Guilford Press, 188-336.
  • Hair Jr, J.F, Black, W.C, Babin, B.J. and Anderson, R.E. (2013). “Multivariate Data Analysis”. (7th ed.). Nova Jersey: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Coombs, W. and Schroeder, H. (1988). “An Analysis of Factor Analytic Data”. Pers Individ Dif, 9, 79-85.
  • Beaton, D.E, Bombardier, C, Guillemin, F. and Ferraz, M.B. (2000). “Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Selfreport Measures”. Spine, 25 (24), 3186-3191.
  • Ayre, C. and Scally, A.J. (2017). “Critical Values for Lawshe’s Content Validity Ratio”. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47 (1), 79–86.
  • Tavakol, M. and Dennick, R. (2011). “Making Sense of Cronbach’s Alpha”. Int J Med Educ, 2, 53–55.
  • Yardımcı, F, Başbakkal, Z, Beytut, D, Muslu, G. ve Ersun, A. (2012). “Ekip Çalışması Tutumları Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması”. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13, 131-137.
  • Düzgün, F, Uzelli Yılmaz, D, Karaman, D, Gökdere Çinar, H, Dikmen, Y. ve Yılmaz, D. (2019). “Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Ekip Çalışması Tutumlarının İncelenmesi”. Journal of Contemporary Medicine, 9 (1), 32-36.
  • Çelik, A. ve Karaca, A. (2017). “Hemşirelerde Ekip Çalışması ve Motivasyon Arasındaki İlişkinin ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi”. Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 14 (4), 254-263. https://doi.org/10.5222/HEAD.2017.254
  • McInnes, S, Peters, K, Bonney, A. and Halcomb, E. (2015). “An Integrative Review of Facilitators and Barriers Influencing Collaboration and Teamwork Between General Practitioners and Nurses Working in General Practice”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71 (9), 1973–1985. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.2015.71.issue-9
  • Mulvale, G, Embrett, M. and Razavi, S.D. (2016). “Gearing Up” to Improve Interprofessional Collaboration in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Framework”. BMC Family Practice, 17, 83.
  • Salas, E, Cooke, N.J. and Rosen, R.A. (2008). “On Teams, Teamwork, and Team Performance: Discoveriesand Developments”. The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 50 (3), 540-547.
  • Salas, E, Sims, D.E. and Burke, C.S. (2005). “Is There A Big Five in Team-work?”. Small Group Research, 36 (5), 555-599.
  • Finley, E.P, Pugh, J.A, Lanham, H.J, Leykum, L.K, Cornell, J, Veerapaneni, P. and Parchman, M.L. (2013). “Relationship Quality and Patient-Assessed Quality of Care in VA Primary Care Clinics: Development and Validation of The Work Relationships Scale”. Annals of Family Medicine, 11 (6), 543–549. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1554
  • Sexton, J.B, Helmreich, R.L, Neilands, T.B, Rowan, K, Vella, K, Boyden, J. and Thomas, E.J. (2006). “The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties, Benchmarking Data, and Emerging Research”. BMC Health Services Research, 6, 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-6-44
  • Ushiro, R. (2009). “Nurse–Physician Collaboration Scale: Development and Psychometric Testing”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65 (7), 1497-1508.
  • Orchard, C, Pederson, L.L, Read, E, Mahler, C. and Laschinger, H. (2018). “Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale (AITCS): Further Testing and Instrument Revision”. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 38 (1), 11-18.
  • Ohman-Strickland, P.A, John Orzano, A, Nutting, P.A, Perry Dickinson, W, Scott-Cawiezell, J, Hahn, K. and Crabtree, B.F. (2007). “Measuring Organizational Attributes of Primary Care Practices: Development of A New Instrument”. Health Services Research, 42 (3 Pt 1), 1257-1273.
  • Stock, R, Mahoney, E. and Carney, P.A. (2013). “Measuring Team Development in Clinical Care Settings”. Family Medicine, 45 (10), 691-700.
  • Sheiman, I, Shishkin, S. and Shevsky, V. (2018). “The Evolving Semashko Model of Primary Health Care: The Case of the Russian Federation”. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 11, 209-220. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S168399
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Kürşat Yurdakoş 0000-0002-1473-5513

Kutay Yüzüak This is me 0000-0002-4667-4604

Publication Date March 19, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yurdakoş, K., & Yüzüak, K. (2022). Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(1), 44-53. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.870441
AMA Yurdakoş K, Yüzüak K. Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. March 2022;11(1):44-53. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.870441
Chicago Yurdakoş, Kürşat, and Kutay Yüzüak. “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler Ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11, no. 1 (March 2022): 44-53. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.870441.
EndNote Yurdakoş K, Yüzüak K (March 1, 2022) Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11 1 44–53.
IEEE K. Yurdakoş and K. Yüzüak, “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 44–53, 2022, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.870441.
ISNAD Yurdakoş, Kürşat - Yüzüak, Kutay. “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler Ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 11/1 (March 2022), 44-53. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.870441.
JAMA Yurdakoş K, Yüzüak K. Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;11:44–53.
MLA Yurdakoş, Kürşat and Kutay Yüzüak. “Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler Ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2022, pp. 44-53, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.870441.
Vancouver Yurdakoş K, Yüzüak K. Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri Ekiplerinde Hekimler ve Hemşireler Arasındaki İş Birliği Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;11(1):44-53.
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