Effect of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids on Telomere Length: A Brief Review

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 802 - 808, 18.06.2023

Mustafa Tilekli , Nilüfer Acar Tek

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955

Öz

Telomeres are the parts at the ends of the chromosomes, which shorten with each division of the cell, and which are responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of the chromosomes. The rate of shortening of these structures can pave the way for the formation of many diseases in the body. Nutrition is one of the most effective factors in the protection of telomeres. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, one of the components of the Mediterranean diet, play an important role in the protection of telomere structures, as they directly affect the inflammatory and oxidative stress levels of the body. This review was created to summarize the effect of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are polyunsaturated fatty acids, on the shortening rate of telomere structure. The literature search was conducted from 2000 to March 2022 using electronic databases supplemented by manual review of the reference list of articles from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Searched from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases using the terms "Telomer" or "Diet" or "Nutrition" or "Omega-3" or "Omega-6" or "Cellular Aging". Nutrients and nutritional patterns may have different effects on telomere structure. The aim of this review is to examine the positive/negative effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in reducing or maintaining the shortening rate of telomere structure in the light of current studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutrition, Omega-3, Omega-6, Telomere

Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme

Öz

Telomerler kromozomların uç kısımlarında bulunan ve hücrenin her bölünmesiyle bir miktar kısalan, kromozomların yapısal bütünlüğünü korumakla görevli kısımlardır. Bu yapıların kısalma hızı vücutta birçok hastalığın oluşmasına zemin hazırlayabilmektedir. Beslenme, telomerlerin korunmasında en etkili faktörlerin başında gelmektedir. Akdeniz diyeti bileşenlerinden çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri ise vücudun inflamatuvar ve oksidatif stres düzeylerine doğrudan etki ettiğinden aynı zamanda telomer yapılarının da korunmasında önemli görevler üstlenmektedir. Bu literatür derlemesi çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinden omega-3 ve omega-6 yağ asitlerinin telomer yapısının kısalma hızı üzerine etkisini özetlemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Literatür taraması 2002 yılından Mart 2022'ye kadar PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Akademik'ten taranan makalelerin referans listesinin manuel incelemesiyle desteklenen elektronik veri tabanları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarından "Telomer" veya "Diyet" veya "Beslenme" veya "Omega-3" veya "Omega-6" veya "Hücresel Yaşlanma" terimleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Besin öğelerinin ve diyet modellerinin telomer yapısı üzerinde farklı etkileri bulunabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, telomer yapısının kısalma hızının azaltılmasında veya korunmasında çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin olumlu/olumsuz etkilerini yapılan çalışmalar ışığında irdelenmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

eslenme, Omega-3, Omega-6, Telomer

Kaynakça

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