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Effect of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids on Telomere Length: A Brief Review

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 802 - 808, 18.06.2023

Mustafa Tilekli , Nilüfer Acar Tek

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955

Abstract

Telomeres are the parts at the ends of the chromosomes, which shorten with each division of the cell, and which are responsible for maintaining the structural integrity of the chromosomes. The rate of shortening of these structures can pave the way for the formation of many diseases in the body. Nutrition is one of the most effective factors in the protection of telomeres. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, one of the components of the Mediterranean diet, play an important role in the protection of telomere structures, as they directly affect the inflammatory and oxidative stress levels of the body. This review was created to summarize the effect of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which are polyunsaturated fatty acids, on the shortening rate of telomere structure. The literature search was conducted from 2000 to March 2022 using electronic databases supplemented by manual review of the reference list of articles from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Searched from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases using the terms "Telomer" or "Diet" or "Nutrition" or "Omega-3" or "Omega-6" or "Cellular Aging". Nutrients and nutritional patterns may have different effects on telomere structure. The aim of this review is to examine the positive/negative effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in reducing or maintaining the shortening rate of telomere structure in the light of current studies.

Keywords

Nutrition Omega-3 Omega-6 Telomere

References

  • 1. Hemann, M.T, Strong, M.A, Hao, L-Y. and Greider, C.W. (2001). "The Shortest Telomere, Not Average Telomere Length, Is Critical for Cell Viability and Chromosome Stability". Cell, 107 (1), 67-77.
  • 2. Latre, L, Tusell, L, Martin, M, Miró, R, Egozcue, J. and Blasco, M.A. (2003). "Shortened Telomeres Join to DNA Breaks Interfering with Their Correct Repair". Experimental Cell Research, 287 (2), 282-8.
  • 3. Blasco, M.A. (2012). "Telomeres and Human Disease: Ageing, Cancer and Beyond". Nature Reviews Genetics, 6 (8), 611-22.
  • 4. Heidinger, B.J, Blount, J.D, Boner, W, Griffiths, K, Metcalfe N.B. and Monaghan, P. (2012). "Telomere Length in Early Life Predicts Lifespan". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109 (5), 1743-8.
  • 5. Valdes, A.M, Andrew, T, Gardner, J.P, Kimura, M, Oelsner, E. and Cherkas, LF. (2005). "Obesity, Cigarette Smoking, and Telomere Length in Women". The Lancet, 366 (9486), 662-4.
  • 6. Cinti, S, Mitchell, G, Barbatelli, G, Murano, I, Ceresi, E. and Faloia, E. (2005). "Adipocyte Death Defines Macrophage Localization nd Function in Adipose Tissue of Obese Mice and Humans". Journal of Lipid Research, 46 (11), 2347-55.
  • 7. Ornish, D, Lin, J, Daubenmier, J, Weidner, G, Epel, E. and Kemp, C. (2008). "Increased Telomerase Activity and Comprehensive Lifestyle Changes: A Pilot Study". The Lancet Oncology, 9 (11), 1048-57.
  • 8. Nordfjäll, K, Eliasson, M, Stegmayr, B, Melander, O, Nilsson, P. and Roos, G. (2008). "Telomere Length Is Associated with Obesity Parameters But with a Gender Difference". Obesity, 16 (12), 2682-9.
  • 9. Zhu, Y, Liu, X, Ding, X, Wang, F. and Geng, X. (2019). "Telomere and Its Role in The Aging Pathways: Telomere Shortening, Cell Senescence and Mitochondria Dysfunction". Biogerontology, 20, 1-16.
  • 10. Azcona-Sanjulian, M.C. (2021). "Telomere Length and Pediatric Obesity: A Review". Genes, 12 (6), 946.
  • 11. Galiè, S, Canudas, S, Muralidharan, J, García-Gavilán, J, Bulló, M. and Salas-Salvadó, J. (2020). "Impact of Nutrition on Telomere Health: Systematic Review of Observational Cohort Studies and Randomized Clinical Trials". Advances in Nutrition, 11 (3), 576-601.
  • 12. Adaikalakoteswari, A, Balasubramanyam, M, Ravikumar, R, Deepa, R. and Mohan, V. (2007). "Association of Telomere Shortening with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetic Macroangiopathy". Atherosclerosis, 195 (1), 83-9.
  • 13. Freitas-Simoes, T.M, Ros, E. and Sala-Vila, A. (2016). "Nutrients, Foods, Dietary Patterns and Telomere Length: Update of Epidemiological Studies and Randomized Trials". Metabolism, 65 (4), 406-15.
  • 14. López-Otín, C, Blasco, M.A, Partridge, L, Serrano, M. and Kroemer, G. (2013). "The Hallmarks of Aging". Cell, 153 (6), 1194-217.
  • 15. Ng, G.Y, Hande, V, Ong, M.H, Wong, B.W, Loh, Z.W. and Ho, WD. (2022). "Effects of Dietary Interventions on Telomere Dynamics". Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 503472.
  • 16. Chen, J, Wu, S, Wu, Zhuang, P, Zhang, Y. and Jiao, J. (2023). "Long-Term Dietary DHA Intervention Prevents Telomere Attrition and Lipid Disturbance in Telomerase-Deficient Male Mice". European Journal of Nutrition, 1-12.
  • 17. Davinelli, S, Trichopoulou, A, Corbi, G, De Vivo, I. and Scapagnini, G. (2019). "The Potential Nutrigeroprotective Role of Mediterranean Diet and Its Functional Components on Telomere Length Dynamics". Ageing Research Reviews, 49, 1-10.
  • 18. Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K, Epel, E.S, Belury, MA, Andridge, R, Lin, J. and Glaser, R. (2013). "Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Oxidative Stress, and Leukocyte Telomere Length: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 28, 16-24.
  • 19. Wolkowitz, O.M, Mellon, S.H, Epel, E.S, Lin, J, Dhabhar, F.S. and Su Y. (2011). "Leukocyte Telomere Length in Major Depression: Correlations With Chronicity, İnflammation and Oxidative Stress-Preliminary Findings". Plos One, 6 (3), e17837.
  • 20. Manzel, A, Muller, D.N, Hafler, D.A, Erdman, S.E, Linker, R.A. and Kleinewietfeld M. (2014). "Role of “Western Diet” in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases". Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 4, 1-8.
  • 21. Fan, R, Kim, J, You, M, Giraud, D, Toney, A.M. and Shin S.H. (2020). "α-Linolenic Acid-Enriched Butter Attenuated High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Inflammation By Promoting Bioconversion of N-3 PUFA and Subsequent Oxylipin Formation". The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 76, 108285.
  • 22. Chen, H. (2018). "Role of Thromboxane A2 Signaling in Endothelium-Dependent Contractions of Arteries". Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, 134, 32-7.
  • 23. Melo, R.B, de Barros Silva, P.G, Oriá, R.B, de Souza Melo, J.U, da Silva Martins, C. and Cunha, A.M. (2017). "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of A Fatty Acid Mixture With High Ω-9: Ω-6 Ratio and Low Ω-6: Ω-3 Ratio on Rats Submitted To Dental Extraction". Archives of Oral Biology, 74, 63-8.
  • 24. Allaire, J, Couture, P, Leclerc, M, Charest, A, Marin, J. Lépine, M.C. (2016). "A Randomized, Crossover, Head-To-Head Comparison of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation to Reduce Inflammation Markers in Men and Women: The Comparing EPA To DHA (Compared) Study". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 104 (2), 280-7.
  • 25. Dasilva, G, Pazos, M, García-Egido, E, Gallardo, J.M, Rodríguez, I. and Cela, R. (2015). "Healthy Effect of Different Proportions of Marine Ω-3 Pufas EPA and DHA Supplementation in Wistar Rats: Lipidomic Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation". The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 26 (11), 1385-92.
  • 26. Song, J, Kwon, N, Lee, M.H, Ko, Y.G, Lee, J.H. and Kim, O.Y. (2014). "Association of Serum Phospholipid Pufas With Cardiometabolic Risk: Beneficial Effect of DHA on The Suppression of Vascular Proliferation/Inflammation". Clinical Biochemistry, 47 (6), 361-8.
  • 27. Bouwens, M, Van De Rest, O, Dellschaft, N, Bromhaar, M.G, De Groot, L.C. and Geleijnse, J.M. (2009). "Fish-Oil Supplementation Induces Antiinflammatory Gene Expression Profiles in Human Blood Mononuclear Cells". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90 (2), 415-24.
  • 28. Albar, S.A. (2022). "Dietary Omega-6/Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) and Omega-3 Are Associated with General and Abdominal Obesity in Adults: UK National Diet and Nutritional Survey". Cureus, 14 (10), e30209.
  • 29. Nguyen, T.X, Agazzi, A, McGill, S, Weidt, S, Han, Q.H. and Gelemanovic, A. (2022). "Abundance of Plasma Proteins in Response To Divergent Ratios of Dietary Omega6:Omega3 Fatty Acids in Gestating and Lactating Sows Using a Quantitative Proteomics Approach". J Proteomics, 260, 104562.
  • 30. Pérez, L.M, Amaral, M.A, Mundstock, E, Barbé-Tuana, F.M, Guma, F.T.C.R. and Jones, M.H. (2017). "Effects of Diet on Telomere Length: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Public Health Genomics, 20 (5), 286-92.
  • 31. Lorke, M, Willen, M, Lucas, K, Schille, J.T, Luder Ripoli, F. and Willenbrock, S. (2020). "Effect of Antioxidants, Mitochondrial Cofactors and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Telomere Length and Kinematic Joint Mobility in Young and Old Shepherd Dogs - A Randomized, Blinded and Placebo-Controlled Study". Research in Veterinary Science, 129, 137-53.
  • 32. Farzaneh,Far, R, Lin, J, Epel, E.S, Harris, W.S, Blackburn, E.H. and Whooley, M.A. (2010). "Association of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels with Telomeric Aging in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease". Jama, 303 (3), 250-7.
  • 33. Cassidy, A, De Vivo, I, Liu, Y, Han, J, Prescott, J. and Hunter, D.J. (2010). "Associations Between Diet, Lifestyle Factors and Telomere Length in Women". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 91 (5), 1273-80.
  • 34. Kang, J.X. (2010). "Differential Effects of Omega-6 and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Telomere Length". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 92 (5), 1276-7.
  • 35. Chang, X, Dorajoo, R, Sun, Y, Wang, L, Ong, C.N. and Liu, J. (2020). "Effect of Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels on Leukocyte Telomere Lengths in The Singaporean Chinese Population". Nutrition Journal, 19, 1-9.
  • 36. Liu, X, Liu, X, Shi, Q, Fan, X. and Qi, K. (2021). "Association of Telomere Length and Telomerase Methylation With N-3 Fatty Acids in Preschool Children With Obesity". BMC Pediatri, 21 (1), 24.
  • 37. Freitas-Simoes, T.M, Cofán, M, Blasco, M.A, Soberón, N, Foronda, M. and Corella, D. (2019). "The Red Blood Cell Proportion of Arachidonic Acid Relates to Shorter Leukocyte Telomeres in Mediterranean Elders: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial". Clinical Nutrition, 38 (2), 958-61.
  • 38. Ogłuszka, M, Lipiński, P. and Starzyński, R.R. (2022). "Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Telomeres—Are They The Elixir of Youth". Nutrients, 14 (18), 3723.
  • 39. O'Callaghan, N, Parletta, N, Milte, C.M, Benassi-Evans, B, Fenech, M. and Howe, P.R. (2014). "Telomere Shortening in Elderly Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment May Be Attenuated with Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study". Nutrition, 30 (4), 489-91.
  • 40. Barden, A, O’Callaghan, N, Burke, V, Mas, E, Beilin, L.J. and Fenech, M. (2016). "n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease". Nutrients, 8 (3), 175.

Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 802 - 808, 18.06.2023

Mustafa Tilekli , Nilüfer Acar Tek

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955

Abstract

Telomerler kromozomların uç kısımlarında bulunan ve hücrenin her bölünmesiyle bir miktar kısalan, kromozomların yapısal bütünlüğünü korumakla görevli kısımlardır. Bu yapıların kısalma hızı vücutta birçok hastalığın oluşmasına zemin hazırlayabilmektedir. Beslenme, telomerlerin korunmasında en etkili faktörlerin başında gelmektedir. Akdeniz diyeti bileşenlerinden çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri ise vücudun inflamatuvar ve oksidatif stres düzeylerine doğrudan etki ettiğinden aynı zamanda telomer yapılarının da korunmasında önemli görevler üstlenmektedir. Bu literatür derlemesi çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinden omega-3 ve omega-6 yağ asitlerinin telomer yapısının kısalma hızı üzerine etkisini özetlemek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Literatür taraması 2002 yılından Mart 2022'ye kadar PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Akademik'ten taranan makalelerin referans listesinin manuel incelemesiyle desteklenen elektronik veri tabanları kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarından "Telomer" veya "Diyet" veya "Beslenme" veya "Omega-3" veya "Omega-6" veya "Hücresel Yaşlanma" terimleri kullanılarak taranmıştır. Besin öğelerinin ve diyet modellerinin telomer yapısı üzerinde farklı etkileri bulunabilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, telomer yapısının kısalma hızının azaltılmasında veya korunmasında çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin olumlu/olumsuz etkilerini yapılan çalışmalar ışığında irdelenmesidir.

Keywords

eslenme Omega-3 Omega-6 Telomer

References

  • 1. Hemann, M.T, Strong, M.A, Hao, L-Y. and Greider, C.W. (2001). "The Shortest Telomere, Not Average Telomere Length, Is Critical for Cell Viability and Chromosome Stability". Cell, 107 (1), 67-77.
  • 2. Latre, L, Tusell, L, Martin, M, Miró, R, Egozcue, J. and Blasco, M.A. (2003). "Shortened Telomeres Join to DNA Breaks Interfering with Their Correct Repair". Experimental Cell Research, 287 (2), 282-8.
  • 3. Blasco, M.A. (2012). "Telomeres and Human Disease: Ageing, Cancer and Beyond". Nature Reviews Genetics, 6 (8), 611-22.
  • 4. Heidinger, B.J, Blount, J.D, Boner, W, Griffiths, K, Metcalfe N.B. and Monaghan, P. (2012). "Telomere Length in Early Life Predicts Lifespan". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109 (5), 1743-8.
  • 5. Valdes, A.M, Andrew, T, Gardner, J.P, Kimura, M, Oelsner, E. and Cherkas, LF. (2005). "Obesity, Cigarette Smoking, and Telomere Length in Women". The Lancet, 366 (9486), 662-4.
  • 6. Cinti, S, Mitchell, G, Barbatelli, G, Murano, I, Ceresi, E. and Faloia, E. (2005). "Adipocyte Death Defines Macrophage Localization nd Function in Adipose Tissue of Obese Mice and Humans". Journal of Lipid Research, 46 (11), 2347-55.
  • 7. Ornish, D, Lin, J, Daubenmier, J, Weidner, G, Epel, E. and Kemp, C. (2008). "Increased Telomerase Activity and Comprehensive Lifestyle Changes: A Pilot Study". The Lancet Oncology, 9 (11), 1048-57.
  • 8. Nordfjäll, K, Eliasson, M, Stegmayr, B, Melander, O, Nilsson, P. and Roos, G. (2008). "Telomere Length Is Associated with Obesity Parameters But with a Gender Difference". Obesity, 16 (12), 2682-9.
  • 9. Zhu, Y, Liu, X, Ding, X, Wang, F. and Geng, X. (2019). "Telomere and Its Role in The Aging Pathways: Telomere Shortening, Cell Senescence and Mitochondria Dysfunction". Biogerontology, 20, 1-16.
  • 10. Azcona-Sanjulian, M.C. (2021). "Telomere Length and Pediatric Obesity: A Review". Genes, 12 (6), 946.
  • 11. Galiè, S, Canudas, S, Muralidharan, J, García-Gavilán, J, Bulló, M. and Salas-Salvadó, J. (2020). "Impact of Nutrition on Telomere Health: Systematic Review of Observational Cohort Studies and Randomized Clinical Trials". Advances in Nutrition, 11 (3), 576-601.
  • 12. Adaikalakoteswari, A, Balasubramanyam, M, Ravikumar, R, Deepa, R. and Mohan, V. (2007). "Association of Telomere Shortening with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetic Macroangiopathy". Atherosclerosis, 195 (1), 83-9.
  • 13. Freitas-Simoes, T.M, Ros, E. and Sala-Vila, A. (2016). "Nutrients, Foods, Dietary Patterns and Telomere Length: Update of Epidemiological Studies and Randomized Trials". Metabolism, 65 (4), 406-15.
  • 14. López-Otín, C, Blasco, M.A, Partridge, L, Serrano, M. and Kroemer, G. (2013). "The Hallmarks of Aging". Cell, 153 (6), 1194-217.
  • 15. Ng, G.Y, Hande, V, Ong, M.H, Wong, B.W, Loh, Z.W. and Ho, WD. (2022). "Effects of Dietary Interventions on Telomere Dynamics". Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 503472.
  • 16. Chen, J, Wu, S, Wu, Zhuang, P, Zhang, Y. and Jiao, J. (2023). "Long-Term Dietary DHA Intervention Prevents Telomere Attrition and Lipid Disturbance in Telomerase-Deficient Male Mice". European Journal of Nutrition, 1-12.
  • 17. Davinelli, S, Trichopoulou, A, Corbi, G, De Vivo, I. and Scapagnini, G. (2019). "The Potential Nutrigeroprotective Role of Mediterranean Diet and Its Functional Components on Telomere Length Dynamics". Ageing Research Reviews, 49, 1-10.
  • 18. Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K, Epel, E.S, Belury, MA, Andridge, R, Lin, J. and Glaser, R. (2013). "Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Oxidative Stress, and Leukocyte Telomere Length: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Brain, Behavior and Immunity, 28, 16-24.
  • 19. Wolkowitz, O.M, Mellon, S.H, Epel, E.S, Lin, J, Dhabhar, F.S. and Su Y. (2011). "Leukocyte Telomere Length in Major Depression: Correlations With Chronicity, İnflammation and Oxidative Stress-Preliminary Findings". Plos One, 6 (3), e17837.
  • 20. Manzel, A, Muller, D.N, Hafler, D.A, Erdman, S.E, Linker, R.A. and Kleinewietfeld M. (2014). "Role of “Western Diet” in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases". Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 4, 1-8.
  • 21. Fan, R, Kim, J, You, M, Giraud, D, Toney, A.M. and Shin S.H. (2020). "α-Linolenic Acid-Enriched Butter Attenuated High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Inflammation By Promoting Bioconversion of N-3 PUFA and Subsequent Oxylipin Formation". The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 76, 108285.
  • 22. Chen, H. (2018). "Role of Thromboxane A2 Signaling in Endothelium-Dependent Contractions of Arteries". Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, 134, 32-7.
  • 23. Melo, R.B, de Barros Silva, P.G, Oriá, R.B, de Souza Melo, J.U, da Silva Martins, C. and Cunha, A.M. (2017). "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of A Fatty Acid Mixture With High Ω-9: Ω-6 Ratio and Low Ω-6: Ω-3 Ratio on Rats Submitted To Dental Extraction". Archives of Oral Biology, 74, 63-8.
  • 24. Allaire, J, Couture, P, Leclerc, M, Charest, A, Marin, J. Lépine, M.C. (2016). "A Randomized, Crossover, Head-To-Head Comparison of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation to Reduce Inflammation Markers in Men and Women: The Comparing EPA To DHA (Compared) Study". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 104 (2), 280-7.
  • 25. Dasilva, G, Pazos, M, García-Egido, E, Gallardo, J.M, Rodríguez, I. and Cela, R. (2015). "Healthy Effect of Different Proportions of Marine Ω-3 Pufas EPA and DHA Supplementation in Wistar Rats: Lipidomic Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation". The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 26 (11), 1385-92.
  • 26. Song, J, Kwon, N, Lee, M.H, Ko, Y.G, Lee, J.H. and Kim, O.Y. (2014). "Association of Serum Phospholipid Pufas With Cardiometabolic Risk: Beneficial Effect of DHA on The Suppression of Vascular Proliferation/Inflammation". Clinical Biochemistry, 47 (6), 361-8.
  • 27. Bouwens, M, Van De Rest, O, Dellschaft, N, Bromhaar, M.G, De Groot, L.C. and Geleijnse, J.M. (2009). "Fish-Oil Supplementation Induces Antiinflammatory Gene Expression Profiles in Human Blood Mononuclear Cells". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90 (2), 415-24.
  • 28. Albar, S.A. (2022). "Dietary Omega-6/Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) and Omega-3 Are Associated with General and Abdominal Obesity in Adults: UK National Diet and Nutritional Survey". Cureus, 14 (10), e30209.
  • 29. Nguyen, T.X, Agazzi, A, McGill, S, Weidt, S, Han, Q.H. and Gelemanovic, A. (2022). "Abundance of Plasma Proteins in Response To Divergent Ratios of Dietary Omega6:Omega3 Fatty Acids in Gestating and Lactating Sows Using a Quantitative Proteomics Approach". J Proteomics, 260, 104562.
  • 30. Pérez, L.M, Amaral, M.A, Mundstock, E, Barbé-Tuana, F.M, Guma, F.T.C.R. and Jones, M.H. (2017). "Effects of Diet on Telomere Length: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Public Health Genomics, 20 (5), 286-92.
  • 31. Lorke, M, Willen, M, Lucas, K, Schille, J.T, Luder Ripoli, F. and Willenbrock, S. (2020). "Effect of Antioxidants, Mitochondrial Cofactors and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Telomere Length and Kinematic Joint Mobility in Young and Old Shepherd Dogs - A Randomized, Blinded and Placebo-Controlled Study". Research in Veterinary Science, 129, 137-53.
  • 32. Farzaneh,Far, R, Lin, J, Epel, E.S, Harris, W.S, Blackburn, E.H. and Whooley, M.A. (2010). "Association of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid Levels with Telomeric Aging in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease". Jama, 303 (3), 250-7.
  • 33. Cassidy, A, De Vivo, I, Liu, Y, Han, J, Prescott, J. and Hunter, D.J. (2010). "Associations Between Diet, Lifestyle Factors and Telomere Length in Women". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 91 (5), 1273-80.
  • 34. Kang, J.X. (2010). "Differential Effects of Omega-6 and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Telomere Length". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 92 (5), 1276-7.
  • 35. Chang, X, Dorajoo, R, Sun, Y, Wang, L, Ong, C.N. and Liu, J. (2020). "Effect of Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels on Leukocyte Telomere Lengths in The Singaporean Chinese Population". Nutrition Journal, 19, 1-9.
  • 36. Liu, X, Liu, X, Shi, Q, Fan, X. and Qi, K. (2021). "Association of Telomere Length and Telomerase Methylation With N-3 Fatty Acids in Preschool Children With Obesity". BMC Pediatri, 21 (1), 24.
  • 37. Freitas-Simoes, T.M, Cofán, M, Blasco, M.A, Soberón, N, Foronda, M. and Corella, D. (2019). "The Red Blood Cell Proportion of Arachidonic Acid Relates to Shorter Leukocyte Telomeres in Mediterranean Elders: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial". Clinical Nutrition, 38 (2), 958-61.
  • 38. Ogłuszka, M, Lipiński, P. and Starzyński, R.R. (2022). "Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Telomeres—Are They The Elixir of Youth". Nutrients, 14 (18), 3723.
  • 39. O'Callaghan, N, Parletta, N, Milte, C.M, Benassi-Evans, B, Fenech, M. and Howe, P.R. (2014). "Telomere Shortening in Elderly Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment May Be Attenuated with Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study". Nutrition, 30 (4), 489-91.
  • 40. Barden, A, O’Callaghan, N, Burke, V, Mas, E, Beilin, L.J. and Fenech, M. (2016). "n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease". Nutrients, 8 (3), 175.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Derlemeler
Authors

Mustafa Tilekli 0000-0003-4693-870X

Nilüfer Acar Tek 0000-0002-8772-9608

Publication Date June 18, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Tilekli, M., & Acar Tek, N. (2023). Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 802-808. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955
AMA Tilekli M, Acar Tek N. Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. June 2023;12(2):802-808. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955
Chicago Tilekli, Mustafa, and Nilüfer Acar Tek. “Omega-3 Ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 2 (June 2023): 802-8. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955.
EndNote Tilekli M, Acar Tek N (June 1, 2023) Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 2 802–808.
IEEE M. Tilekli and N. Acar Tek, “Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 802–808, 2023, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955.
ISNAD Tilekli, Mustafa - Acar Tek, Nilüfer. “Omega-3 Ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12/2 (June 2023), 802-808. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955.
JAMA Tilekli M, Acar Tek N. Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12:802–808.
MLA Tilekli, Mustafa and Nilüfer Acar Tek. “Omega-3 Ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, 2023, pp. 802-8, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1273955.
Vancouver Tilekli M, Acar Tek N. Omega-3 ve Omega-6 Yağ Asitlerinin Telomer Uzunluğu Üzerine Etkisi: Kısa Bir Derleme. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12(2):802-8.
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