Evaluation of Associated Factors with Children's Breakfast Attitudes and Self- Efficacy for Healthy Eating

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 977 - 985, 26.09.2023

Betül Kocaadam Bozkurt , Osman Bozkurt

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1228467

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the breakfast attitude and healthy eating self-efficacy status of children and the factors affecting them (such as gender, BMI, and mindful eating). The study included 505 children (47.9% boys, 52.1% girls) with a mean age of 9.7±0.77 years. Data were obtained using the survey and a face-to-face interview method. The questionnaire includes general information, anthropometric measurements, Breakfast Attitudes Questionnaire (BAQ), Self-Efficacy for Healthy Eating Questionnaire (SEHE), and Mindful Eating Questionnaire for Children (MEQ-C). While 46.9% of children have normal BMI, 42.2% are overweight or obese. 39.6% of children reported skipping at least one main meal or snack. Of those who skipped meals, 19.0% skipped breakfast, and 60.5% skipped at least one of the snacks. The BAQ score was higher in girls (p=0.003); lower in overweight/obese children (p<0.05). Those who did not skip breakfast had higher SEHE scores (p=0.020). When the factors affecting the scores obtained from BAQ were evaluated with multiple linear regression analysis, child BMI, Mindless eating score affected BAQ score negatively, father education duration, mother and father BMI, Awareness, and SEHE scores affected BAQ score positively. Awareness and BAQ scores were found to affect SEHE positively. Our findings indicate that breakfast attitudes are related to healthy eating self-efficacy, mindful eating, and BMI in children and may also be related to parents' educational status and BMI. These results show that it is very important to provide education by nutritionists in order to improve children's breakfast attitudes, healthy eating self-efficacy and mindful eating skills.

Keywords

Breakfast attitude, Childhood, Healthy eating self-efficacy, Mindful eating.

Çocukların Kahvaltı Tutumları ve Sağlıklı Beslenme Öz Yeterliliği ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocukların kahvaltı tutumu ile sağlıklı beslenme öz-yeterlik durumlarını ve bunları etkileyen faktörleri (cinsiyet, BKİ, yeme farkındalığı gibi) değerlendirmektir. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 9,7±0,77 olan 505 çocuk (%47,9 erkek, %52,1 kız) dahil edilmiştir. Veriler anket aracılığıyla yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Anket içeriğinde genel bilgiler, antropometrik ölçümler, Kahvaltı Tutumu Ölçeği (KTÖ), Sağlıklı Beslenme için Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği (SBÖY) ve Çocuklar için Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği (YFÖ-Ç) yer almaktadır. Çocukların %46,9'unun BKİ değerleri normal aralıktadır, %42,2'si fazla kilolu veya obezdir. Çocukların %39,6'sı en az bir ana öğünü veya ara öğünü atladığını bildirmiştir. Öğün atlayanların %19,0'ı kahvaltıyı, %60,5'i ara öğünlerden en az birini atladığı saptanmıştır. KTÖ puanı, kızlarda daha yüksekken (p=0,003); fazla kilolu/obez çocuklarda daha düşüktür (p<0.05). Kahvaltıyı atlamayanların SBÖY puanları daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,020). KTÖ'dan alınan puanları etkileyen faktörler çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi ile değerlendirildiğinde, çocuğun BKİ değeri ve Bilinçsiz yeme skoru negatif; baba eğitim süresi, anne ve baba BKİ, Farkındalık ve SBÖY skorları pozitif yönde etkilemiştir. Farkındalık ve KTÖ ölçek skorlarının, SBÖY'yi pozitif yönde etkilediği bulunmuştur. Sonuçlarımız, çocuklarda kahvaltı tutumlarının sağlıklı beslenme öz yeterliliği, yeme farkındalığı ve BKİ ile ilişkili olduğunu ve ayrıca ebeveynlerin eğitim durumu ve BKİ değerleri ile ilişkili olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, çocukların kahvaltı tutumlarını, sağlıklı beslenme öz yeterliklerini ve yeme farkındalığı becerilerini geliştirmek için beslenme uzmanları tarafından erken dönemde eğitim verilmesinin çok önemli olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Kahvaltı Tutumu, Çocukluk Dönemi, Sağlıklı Beslenme Öz Yeterliliği, Yeme Farkındalığı

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