A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Şahika Şimşek Çetinkaya; Rabiye Akın; Simge Evrenol Öçal

doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870

Araştırma Makalesi

COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Jinekolojik Kanserli Kadınların Kaygı, Zorluk ve Sağlık Çalışanlarından Beklentileri Üzerine Fenomenolojik Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1007 - 1017, 26.09.2023

Şahika Şimşek Çetinkaya , Rabiye Akın , Simge Evrenol Öçal

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870

Öz

COVID-19 pandemisi sadece herkes için stresli olmakla kalmamış, hassas gruplardan biri olan kanser hastalarını da birçok yönden etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada jinekolojik kanserli kadınların COVID-19 sürecinde yaşadıkları endişeler, zorluklar ve sağlık çalışanlarından beklentilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel bir desen benimsemiştir. Araştırmaya jinekolojik kanserli 15 kadın katılmıştır. Veriler derinlemesine yarı yapılandırılmış yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılarak toplanmıştır. "Korku ve kaygı", "Sosyal yaşamın ve günlük yaşamın kesintiye uğraması", "Sağlık hizmeti alırken yaşanan sorunlar" ve "Sağlık çalışanlarından beklentiler" olmak üzere dört tema elde edilmiştir. Pandemi sürecinde hastalarda korku ve kaygıya neden olan faktörler tedavi, bakım sürecinde yaşanan aksamalar ve COVID-19 enfeksiyonu ile ilgili bilgi eksikliği olmuştur. Hastalar açısından bakıldığında, COVID-19 pandemisini yaşamak ve kanserin ölümcül sürecini yönetmek oldukça zor olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Anksiyete, Yaşam Beklentisi, Over Tümörleri, Uterus Tümörleri

Kaynakça

1. World Health Organization. (2020). “Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation Report, 12.” Erişim adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330777. (Erişim tarihi: June 15, 2020).
2. Fauci, A.S, Lane, H.C. and Redfield, R.R. (2020). “Covid-19 Navigating the Uncharted”. New England Journal of Medicine, 382 (13), 1268-1269. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2002387
3. Cannistra, S.A, Haffty, B.G. and Ballman, K. (2020). “Challenges Faced by Medical Journals During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 38 (19), 2206–2207. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.20.00858
4. Wang, Z, Wang, J. and He, J. (2020). “Active and Effective Measures for the Care of Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Spread in China”. JAMA Oncology, 6 (5), 631-632. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1198
5. Gultekin, M, Ak, S, Ayhan, A, Strojna, A, Pletnev, A, Fagotti, A, Perrone, A.M, Erzeneoglu, B.E, Temiz, B.E, Lemley, B, Soyak, B, Hughes, C, Cibula, D, Haidopoulos, D, Brennan, D, Cola, E, van der Steen-Banasik, E, Urkmez, E, Akilli, H, Zapardiel, I, Toth, I, Sehouli, J, Zalewski, K, Bahremand, K, Chiva, L, Mirza, M.R, Papageorgiou, M, Zoltan, N, Adamkova, P, Morice, P, Garrido-Mallach, S, Akgor, U, Theodoulidis, V, Arik, Z, Steffensen, K.D. and Fotopoulou, C. (2021). “Perspectives, fears and expectations of patients with gynaecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Pan-European study of the European Network of Gynaecological Cancer Advocacy Groups (ENGAGe)”. Cancer Medicine, 10 (1), 208-219. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.3605
6. Al-Quteimat, O.M. and Amer, A.M. (2020). “The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Patients”. American Journal of Clinical Oncology, 43 (6), 452-455. https://doi.org/10.1097/coc.0000000000000712
7. Lefkowits, C, Rabow, M.W, Sherman, A.E, Kiet, T.K, Ruskin, R, Chan, J.K. and Chen, L.M. (2014). “Predictors Of High Symptom Burden in Gynecologic Oncology Outpatients: Who Should Be Referred to Outpatient Palliative Care?”. Gynecologic Oncology, 132 (3), 698-702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.01.038
8. Pothuri, B, Alvarez Secord, A, Armstrong, D.K, Chan, J, Fader, A.N, Huh, W, Kesterson, J, Liu, J.F, Moore, K, Westin, S.N. and Naumann, R.W. (2020). “Anti-Cancer Therapy and Clinical Trial Considerations for Gynecologic Oncology Patients During The COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis”. Gynecologic Oncology, 158 (1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.04.694
9. Mogami, T, Onuma, E, Aoki, M, Kamiya, N, Sukegawa, A, Miyagi, E. and Sakakibara, H. (2021). “Increased Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Gynecologic Cancers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study From Japan”. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 152 (3), 457-458. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13470
10. Frey, M.K. and Blank, S. V. (2020). “Coronavirus Concerns: What Do Women with Gynecologic Cancer Need to Know During the COVID-19 Crisis?”. Gynecologic Oncology, 158 (1), 32-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.04.697
11. Moran, H.K, Brooks, J.V. and Spoozak, L. (2020). “Undergoing Active Treatment for Gynecologic Cancer During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study of The Impact on Healthcare And Social Support”. Gynecologic Oncology Reports, 34, 100659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2020.100659
12. Creswell, J.W. and Creswell, J.D. (2017). “Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches”. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
13. Tong, A, Sainsbury, P. and Craig, J. (2007). “Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ): A 32-Item Checklist for Interviews and Focus Groups”. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19 (6), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
14. O’Reilly, M. and Parker, N. (2013). “Unsatisfactory Saturation: A Critical Exploration of the Notion of Saturated Sample Sizes in”. Qualitative Research, 13, 190-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794112446106
15. Burki, T.K. (2020). “Cancer Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” The Lancet Oncology, 21 (5), 629-630. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30217-5
16. Smith, J.A. (2015). “Qualitative Psychology: A Practical Guide to Research Methods”. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
17. Şimşek, H. and A. Yıldırım. (2011). “Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri”. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
18. Guba, E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S. (1982). “Epistemological and Methodological Bases of Naturalistic Inquiry”. Educational Technology Research and Development, 30(4), 233-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02765185
19. Başkale, H. (2016). “Determination of Validity, Reliability and Sample Size in Qualitative Research”. E-Journal of Dokuz Eylul University Nursing Faculty, 9 (1), 23-28.
20. Frey, M.K, Fowlkes, R.K, Badiner, N.M, Fishman, D, Kanis, M, Thomas, C, Christos, P.J, Martin, P, Gamble, C, Balogun, O.D, Cardenes, H, Gorelick, C, Pua, T, Nguyen, L, Holcomb, K. and Chapman-Davis, E. (2020). “Gynecologic Oncology Care During The COVID-19 Pandemic at Three Affiliated New York City Hospitals”. Gynecologic Oncology, 159 (2), 470-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.09.005
21. Bogani, G, Ditto, A, Bosio, S, Brusadelli, C. and Raspagliesi, F. (2020). “Cancer Patients Affected by COVID-19: Experience from Milan, Lombardy.”. Gynecologic Oncology, 158(2), 262-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.06.161
22. Gallagher, S, Bennett, K.M. and Roper, L. (2021). “Loneliness and Depression in Patients with Cancer During COVID-19”. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 39 (3), 445-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2020.1853653
23. Jacome L.S, Deshmukh S.K, Thulasiraman P, Holliday N.P. and Singh S. (2021). “Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ovarian Cancer Management: Adjusting to the New Normal.” Cancer Management and Research, 13, 359-366. https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S287152
24. Schellekens, M.P.J. and van der Lee, M.L. (2020). “Loneliness and Belonging: Exploring Experiences with the COVID-19 Pandemic in Psycho-Oncology”. Psycho-Oncology, 29 (9), 1399-1401. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.5459
25. Meydanlı, M.M. and Tekin Moraloğlu, Ö. (2020). “COVID-19 Pandemisi Sırasında Jinekolojik Kanser Olgularında Cerrahi için Seçim Kriterleri”. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 17 (2), 372-375. https://doi.org/10.38136/jgon.719069
26. Curigliano, G, Cardoso, M.J, Poortmans, P, Gentilini, O, Pravettoni, G, Mazzocco, K, Houssami, N, Pagani, O, Senkus, E. and Cardoso, F. (2020). “Recommendations for Triage, Prioritization and Treatment of Breast Cancer Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. The Breast, 52, 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2020.04.006
27. Frey, M.K, Ellis, A.E, Zeligs, K, Chapman-Davis, E, Thomas, C, Christos, P.J, Kolev, V, Prasad-Hayes, M, Cohen, S, Holcomb, K. and Blank, S.V. (2020). “Impact Of The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Quality of Life for Women with Ovarian Cancer”. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 223 (5), 725.e1-725.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.049
28. Aapro, M, Lyman, G.H, Bokemeyer, C, Rapoport, B.L, Mathieson, N, Koptelova, N, Cornes, P, Anderson, R, Gascón, P. and Kuderer, N.M. (2021). “Supportive Care in Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. ESMO Open, 6 (1), 100038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100038
29. Nayeri, N.D, Bakhshi, F, Khosravi, A. and Najafi, Z. (2020) “The Effect of Complementary and Alternative Medicines on Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.”. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 26 (1), 95. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_183_19
30. Giesen, N, Sprute, R, Rüthrich, M, Khodamoradi, Y, Mellinghoff, S.C, Beutel, G, Lueck, C, Koldehoff, M, Hentrich, M, Sandherr, M, von Bergwelt-Baildon, M, Wolf, H-H, Hirsch, H.H, Wörmann, B, Cornely, O.A, Köhler, P, Schalk, E. and von Lilienfeld-Toal, M. (2020). “Evidence-Based Management Of COVID-19 in Cancer Patients: Guideline by the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of The German Society for Haematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO)”. European Journal of Cancer, 140, 86-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.09.009
31. Jeong, H. and Othman, J. (2016). “Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis from a Realist Perspective.”. The Qualitative Report, 21 (3), 558-570. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2300

A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 1007 - 1017, 26.09.2023

Şahika Şimşek Çetinkaya , Rabiye Akın , Simge Evrenol Öçal

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870

Öz

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only been stressful for everyone but has also affected in the sensitive group cancer patients in many ways. This study aimed investigate the concerns of women with gynecological cancer, the difficulties they experienced, and their expectations from health care professionals during the COVID-19. The study adopted a qualitative design. 15 women with gynecological cancer participated in the study. Data were collected by conducting in-depth semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Four themes were obtained: "fear and anxiety", "interruption of social life and daily routines", "problems experienced when receiving health care", and "expectations from health care professionals". The factors that caused fear and anxiety in patients during the pandemic were disruptions in the treatment, care process and lack of information about COVID-19 infection. From the perspective of patients, experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic and managing the deadly process of cancer was rather challenging.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Anxiety, Life Expectancy, Ovarian Neoplasms, Uterine Neoplasms

Kaynakça

1. World Health Organization. (2020). “Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation Report, 12.” Erişim adresi: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330777. (Erişim tarihi: June 15, 2020).
2. Fauci, A.S, Lane, H.C. and Redfield, R.R. (2020). “Covid-19 Navigating the Uncharted”. New England Journal of Medicine, 382 (13), 1268-1269. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe2002387
3. Cannistra, S.A, Haffty, B.G. and Ballman, K. (2020). “Challenges Faced by Medical Journals During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Journal of Clinical Oncology: Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 38 (19), 2206–2207. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.20.00858
4. Wang, Z, Wang, J. and He, J. (2020). “Active and Effective Measures for the Care of Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Spread in China”. JAMA Oncology, 6 (5), 631-632. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.1198
5. Gultekin, M, Ak, S, Ayhan, A, Strojna, A, Pletnev, A, Fagotti, A, Perrone, A.M, Erzeneoglu, B.E, Temiz, B.E, Lemley, B, Soyak, B, Hughes, C, Cibula, D, Haidopoulos, D, Brennan, D, Cola, E, van der Steen-Banasik, E, Urkmez, E, Akilli, H, Zapardiel, I, Toth, I, Sehouli, J, Zalewski, K, Bahremand, K, Chiva, L, Mirza, M.R, Papageorgiou, M, Zoltan, N, Adamkova, P, Morice, P, Garrido-Mallach, S, Akgor, U, Theodoulidis, V, Arik, Z, Steffensen, K.D. and Fotopoulou, C. (2021). “Perspectives, fears and expectations of patients with gynaecological cancers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Pan-European study of the European Network of Gynaecological Cancer Advocacy Groups (ENGAGe)”. Cancer Medicine, 10 (1), 208-219. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.3605
6. Al-Quteimat, O.M. and Amer, A.M. (2020). “The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Patients”. American Journal of Clinical Oncology, 43 (6), 452-455. https://doi.org/10.1097/coc.0000000000000712
7. Lefkowits, C, Rabow, M.W, Sherman, A.E, Kiet, T.K, Ruskin, R, Chan, J.K. and Chen, L.M. (2014). “Predictors Of High Symptom Burden in Gynecologic Oncology Outpatients: Who Should Be Referred to Outpatient Palliative Care?”. Gynecologic Oncology, 132 (3), 698-702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.01.038
8. Pothuri, B, Alvarez Secord, A, Armstrong, D.K, Chan, J, Fader, A.N, Huh, W, Kesterson, J, Liu, J.F, Moore, K, Westin, S.N. and Naumann, R.W. (2020). “Anti-Cancer Therapy and Clinical Trial Considerations for Gynecologic Oncology Patients During The COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis”. Gynecologic Oncology, 158 (1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.04.694
9. Mogami, T, Onuma, E, Aoki, M, Kamiya, N, Sukegawa, A, Miyagi, E. and Sakakibara, H. (2021). “Increased Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Gynecologic Cancers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study From Japan”. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 152 (3), 457-458. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13470
10. Frey, M.K. and Blank, S. V. (2020). “Coronavirus Concerns: What Do Women with Gynecologic Cancer Need to Know During the COVID-19 Crisis?”. Gynecologic Oncology, 158 (1), 32-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.04.697
11. Moran, H.K, Brooks, J.V. and Spoozak, L. (2020). “Undergoing Active Treatment for Gynecologic Cancer During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study of The Impact on Healthcare And Social Support”. Gynecologic Oncology Reports, 34, 100659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gore.2020.100659
12. Creswell, J.W. and Creswell, J.D. (2017). “Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches”. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
13. Tong, A, Sainsbury, P. and Craig, J. (2007). “Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ): A 32-Item Checklist for Interviews and Focus Groups”. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19 (6), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
14. O’Reilly, M. and Parker, N. (2013). “Unsatisfactory Saturation: A Critical Exploration of the Notion of Saturated Sample Sizes in”. Qualitative Research, 13, 190-197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794112446106
15. Burki, T.K. (2020). “Cancer Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” The Lancet Oncology, 21 (5), 629-630. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30217-5
16. Smith, J.A. (2015). “Qualitative Psychology: A Practical Guide to Research Methods”. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
17. Şimşek, H. and A. Yıldırım. (2011). “Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri”. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
18. Guba, E.G. and Lincoln, Y.S. (1982). “Epistemological and Methodological Bases of Naturalistic Inquiry”. Educational Technology Research and Development, 30(4), 233-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02765185
19. Başkale, H. (2016). “Determination of Validity, Reliability and Sample Size in Qualitative Research”. E-Journal of Dokuz Eylul University Nursing Faculty, 9 (1), 23-28.
20. Frey, M.K, Fowlkes, R.K, Badiner, N.M, Fishman, D, Kanis, M, Thomas, C, Christos, P.J, Martin, P, Gamble, C, Balogun, O.D, Cardenes, H, Gorelick, C, Pua, T, Nguyen, L, Holcomb, K. and Chapman-Davis, E. (2020). “Gynecologic Oncology Care During The COVID-19 Pandemic at Three Affiliated New York City Hospitals”. Gynecologic Oncology, 159 (2), 470-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.09.005
21. Bogani, G, Ditto, A, Bosio, S, Brusadelli, C. and Raspagliesi, F. (2020). “Cancer Patients Affected by COVID-19: Experience from Milan, Lombardy.”. Gynecologic Oncology, 158(2), 262-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.06.161
22. Gallagher, S, Bennett, K.M. and Roper, L. (2021). “Loneliness and Depression in Patients with Cancer During COVID-19”. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 39 (3), 445-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2020.1853653
23. Jacome L.S, Deshmukh S.K, Thulasiraman P, Holliday N.P. and Singh S. (2021). “Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ovarian Cancer Management: Adjusting to the New Normal.” Cancer Management and Research, 13, 359-366. https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S287152
24. Schellekens, M.P.J. and van der Lee, M.L. (2020). “Loneliness and Belonging: Exploring Experiences with the COVID-19 Pandemic in Psycho-Oncology”. Psycho-Oncology, 29 (9), 1399-1401. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.5459
25. Meydanlı, M.M. and Tekin Moraloğlu, Ö. (2020). “COVID-19 Pandemisi Sırasında Jinekolojik Kanser Olgularında Cerrahi için Seçim Kriterleri”. Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 17 (2), 372-375. https://doi.org/10.38136/jgon.719069
26. Curigliano, G, Cardoso, M.J, Poortmans, P, Gentilini, O, Pravettoni, G, Mazzocco, K, Houssami, N, Pagani, O, Senkus, E. and Cardoso, F. (2020). “Recommendations for Triage, Prioritization and Treatment of Breast Cancer Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. The Breast, 52, 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2020.04.006
27. Frey, M.K, Ellis, A.E, Zeligs, K, Chapman-Davis, E, Thomas, C, Christos, P.J, Kolev, V, Prasad-Hayes, M, Cohen, S, Holcomb, K. and Blank, S.V. (2020). “Impact Of The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Quality of Life for Women with Ovarian Cancer”. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 223 (5), 725.e1-725.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.049
28. Aapro, M, Lyman, G.H, Bokemeyer, C, Rapoport, B.L, Mathieson, N, Koptelova, N, Cornes, P, Anderson, R, Gascón, P. and Kuderer, N.M. (2021). “Supportive Care in Patients with Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. ESMO Open, 6 (1), 100038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100038
29. Nayeri, N.D, Bakhshi, F, Khosravi, A. and Najafi, Z. (2020) “The Effect of Complementary and Alternative Medicines on Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.”. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 26 (1), 95. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_183_19
30. Giesen, N, Sprute, R, Rüthrich, M, Khodamoradi, Y, Mellinghoff, S.C, Beutel, G, Lueck, C, Koldehoff, M, Hentrich, M, Sandherr, M, von Bergwelt-Baildon, M, Wolf, H-H, Hirsch, H.H, Wörmann, B, Cornely, O.A, Köhler, P, Schalk, E. and von Lilienfeld-Toal, M. (2020). “Evidence-Based Management Of COVID-19 in Cancer Patients: Guideline by the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of The German Society for Haematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO)”. European Journal of Cancer, 140, 86-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.09.009
31. Jeong, H. and Othman, J. (2016). “Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis from a Realist Perspective.”. The Qualitative Report, 21 (3), 558-570. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2300

Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği
Bölüm	Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar	Şahika Şimşek Çetinkaya 0000-0002-4518-5286 Rabiye Akın 0000-0002-0358-5425 Simge Evrenol Öçal 0000-0002-6164-3099
Yayımlanma Tarihi	26 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA	Şimşek Çetinkaya, Ş., Akın, R., & Evrenol Öçal, S. (2023). A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(3), 1007-1017. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870
AMA	Şimşek Çetinkaya Ş, Akın R, Evrenol Öçal S. A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. Eylül 2023;12(3):1007-1017. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870
Chicago	Şimşek Çetinkaya, Şahika, Rabiye Akın, ve Simge Evrenol Öçal. “A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women With Gynecological Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12, sy. 3 (Eylül 2023): 1007-17. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870.
EndNote	Şimşek Çetinkaya Ş, Akın R, Evrenol Öçal S (01 Eylül 2023) A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12 3 1007–1017.
IEEE	Ş. Şimşek Çetinkaya, R. Akın, ve S. Evrenol Öçal, “A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic”, Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 12, sy. 3, ss. 1007–1017, 2023, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870.
ISNAD	Şimşek Çetinkaya, Şahika vd. “A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women With Gynecological Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12/3 (Eylül 2023), 1007-1017. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870.
JAMA	Şimşek Çetinkaya Ş, Akın R, Evrenol Öçal S. A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12:1007–1017.
MLA	Şimşek Çetinkaya, Şahika vd. “A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women With Gynecological Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 12, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 1007-1, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1321870.
Vancouver	Şimşek Çetinkaya Ş, Akın R, Evrenol Öçal S. A Phenomenological Study on Anxiety, Difficulties, and Expectations from Health Care Professionals of Women with Gynecological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Gümüşhane Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2023;12(3):1007-1.

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