Okul Öncesi Dönemde Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Çocuk İhmali ve İstismarı Farkındalıklarının Belirlenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 1702 - 1710, 26.12.2023

Hülya Kulakçı Altıntaş Fadime Üstüner Top Tülay Ayyıldız

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1271047

Abstract

Ebeveynlerin, çocuklarının ihmal ve istismara maruz kalmasını önlemek veya açığa çıkarmakta kilit bir rolü vardır. Bu çalışma, okul öncesi dönemde çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin çocuk ihmali ve istismarı farkındalıklarını ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla planlandı.
Çalışma tanımlayıcı kesitsel bir araştırma olup, evreni anasınıfı eğitimi gören toplam 379 çocuğun ebeveyni oluşturdu. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Ebeveynlerin Çocuk İhmali ve İstismarı Farkındalık Ölçeği ile toplandı. Veriler bu araçların okullar aracılığıyla ebeveynlere ulaştırılması ile elde edildi ve veriler bilgisayar ortamında değerlendirildi.
Ebeveynlerin yaş ortalaması 35,89±5,25 olup, çocuk ihmal ve istismarına yönelik %28,6’sının bilgi aldığı, %67,2’sinin bilgi almak istediği belirlendi. Çocuk istismar ve ihmal farkındalık puan ortalamaları genel bilgi 2,94±0,39, fiziksel istismar 2,96±0,49, duygusal istismar 2,36±0,44, cinsel istismar 3,18±0,42 ve ihmal 2,71±0,57 olarak saptandı. Çocuk ihmal ve istismar farkındalık düzeyi annelerde, üniversite mezunu, tek çocuklu ve istismar/ihmal konusunda bilgi sahibi olan ebeveynlerde daha yüksekti.
Ebeveynler çocuk ihmal ve istismar farkındalık durumları genel bilgi, fiziksel istismar, cinsel istismar ve ihmal boyutunda orta düzeyde iken duyusal istismar boyutunda düşük düzeye sahipti. Ayrıca ebeveynlerin farkındalık düzeyinin bazı değişkenlerden etkilendiği belirlendi. Ebeveynlerin tutumları ve algıları, toplum sağlığı müdahalesi için vazgeçilmez hedefler olarak kabul edilir.

Keywords

Çocuk İhmali, Çocuk İstismarı, Ebeveynler, Farkındalık

Determination of Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness of Parents with Preschool Children

Abstract

Parents are crucial in preventing or exposing their children to neglect and abuse. This study was planned to determine the awareness of child neglect and abuse and related factors of parents who have children in the preschool period.
The study was descriptive cross-sectional, and the population consisted of the parents of 379 children receiving kindergarten education. The Personal Information Form and the Parents' Child Neglect and Abuse Awareness Scale collected the data. The data were obtained by delivering these tools to parents through schools and the data were evaluated in a computer environment.
The mean age of the parents was 35.89±5.25, and it was determined that 28.6% received information about child neglect and abuse, and 67.2% wanted information. Child abuse and neglect awareness mean scores were general knowledge 2.94±0.39, physical abuse 2.96±0.49, emotional abuse 2.36±0.44, sexual abuse 3.18±0.42, and neglect 2.71±0.57 was detected. The awareness of child neglect and abuse was higher among mothers, university graduates, parents with an only child and knowledge about abuse/neglect. The awareness of child neglect and abuse was higher among mothers, university graduates, parents with an only child and knowledge about abuse/neglect.
While parents' awareness of child neglect and abuse was moderate in general knowledge, physical abuse, sexual abuse and neglect, they had a low level of sensory abuse. In addition, some variables affect parents' level of awareness. Parental attitudes and perceptions are considered indispensable targets for community health intervention.

Keywords

Child Abuse, Child Neglect, Parents, Awareness

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