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Association of Serum Ferritin Levels with the Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women between the Ages of 40 and 65 Years

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1303 - 1316, 26.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum ferritin levels and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. The study included 126 women aged 40-65 years who were registered at Sultangazi Fatma Bedri Akman Family Health Center. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire. The content of the questionnaire included demographic information, anthropometric measurements, related blood parameters, "frequency of consumption of iron-rich foods", and "Menopause Specific Quality of Life Scale". The questionnaires were administered between September 2023 and December 2023. IBM SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data. The mean BKI of the women participating in the study was 33,28 kg/m2, and 68.3% of them were in the first degree obese category. In addition, 95.2% reported not using insulin. The most common chronic diseases were diabetes (45,2%) and hypertension (46%) , which are components of the metabolic syndrome. According to the results of the scale used in the study, the areas where quality of life was most affected were the vasomotor and physical areas.The study found a significant positive correlation between serum ferritin levels and total and LDL cholesterol levels (p=0,021). A significant negative correlation was found between serum ferritin level and body weight and waist / hip ratio (p=0,032; p=0,022). Regarding the frequency of consumption of iron-rich foods, 43.7 % of the subjects consumed eggs 5-6 times per week. A significant difference was found between the frequency of consumption of chicken meat and serum ferritin level, and between the frequency of consumption of oilseeds and serum iron level (p<0,05). According to this study, it is believed that serum ferritin level may be an important marker for the development of metabolic syndrome and control of its components.

References

  • 1. Kumari, R., Kumar, S., & Kant, R. (2019). "An Update on Metabolic Syndrome: Metabolic Risk Markers and Adipokines in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome". Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 13(4), 2409–2417.
  • 2. Hidalgo-Mora, J. J., Cortés-Sierra, L., García-Pérez, M. Á., Tarín, J. J., & Cano, A. (2020)". Diet to Reduce the Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Menopause. The Logic for Olive Oil." Nutrients, 12(10), 3184.
  • 3. Santoro, N., Epperson, C. N., & Mathews, S. B. (2015). "Menopausal Symptoms and Their Management". Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 44(3), 497–515.
  • 4. Sharma, S., & Mahajan, N. (2015). "Menopausal Symptoms and its Effect on Quality of Life in Urban Versus Rural Women: A Cross-Sectional Study". Journal of Mid-Life Health, 6(1), 16–20. 5. Johnson, A., Roberts, L., & Elkins, G. (2019). "Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Menopause". Journal of Evidence-Based İntegrative Medicine, 24, 2515690X19829380.
  • 6. Ko, S. H., & Kim, H. S. (2020). "Menopause-Associated Lipid Metabolic Disorders and Foods Beneficial for Postmenopausal Women". Nutrients, 12(1), 202.
  • 7. Bobescu, E., Bălan, A., Moga, M. A., Teodorescu, A., Mitrică, M., & Dima, L. (2020). "Are There Any Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Supplementation for Metabolic Syndrome Components in Postmenopausal Women?". Marine Drugs, 18(12), 651.
  • 8. Han, H., Ni, P., Zhang, S., Ji, X., Zhu, M., Ma, W., Ge, H., & Chu, H. (2023). "The Association of Body Mass İndex and Weight Waist Adjustment İndex With Serum Ferritin in a National Study of US Adults". European Journal of Medical Research, 28(1), 374.
  • 9. Shim, Y. S., Kang, M. J., Oh, Y. J., Baek, J. W., Yang, S., & Hwang, I. T. (2017). "Association of Serum Ferritin with Insulin Resistance, Abdominal Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adolescent and Adults: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008 to 2011". Medicine, 96(8), 6179.
  • 10. Adamska, A., Łebkowska, A., Krentowska, A., Adamski, M., & Kowalska, I. (2020). "The Association Between Serum Ferritin Concentration and Visceral Adiposity Estimated by Whole-Body DXA Scan in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome". Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 873.
  • 11. Oldewage-Theron, W. H., Egal, A. A., & Grobler, C. J. (2015). "Is Obesity Associated With Iron Status in the Elderly? A Case Study From Sharpeville, South Africa". Public Health Nutrition, 18(3), 521–529.
  • 12. Kumar, D., Rasheed, T., Zuberi, B. F., Sadaf, R., & Ali, F. S. (2023). "Correlation of HbA1c with Serum Iron & Transferrin Saturation in Non-Diabetic Patients with Iron Deficiency". Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 39(4), 956–960.
  • 13. Iwanaga, S., Sakano, N., Taketa, K., Takahashi, N., Wang, D. H., Takahashi, H., Kubo, M., Miyatake, N., & Ogino, K. (2014). "Comparison of Serum Ferritin and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Between Japanese Workers with and Without Metabolic Syndrome". Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 8(3), 201–298.
  • 14. Srivastav, S. K., Mir, I. A., Bansal, N., Singh, P. K., Kumari, R., & Deshmukh, A. (2022). "Serum Ferritin in Metabolic Syndrome-Mechanisms and Clinical Applications". Pathophysiology: the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology, 29(2), 319–325.
  • 15. Yu, L., Yan, J., Zhang, Q., Lin, H., Zhu, L., Liu, Q., & Zhao, C. (2020). "Association Between Serum Ferritin and Blood Lipids: Influence of Diabetes and hs-CRP Levels". Journal of Diabetes Research, 2020, 4138696.
  • 16. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2016). “Korelasyonel Araştırmalar. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri”, 22, 184-189.
  • 17. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). "G*Power 3: a Flexible Statistical Power Analysis Program for the Social, Behavioral, and Biomedical Sciences". Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.
  • 18. Hilditch, J. R., Lewis, J., Peter, A., van Maris, B., Ross, A., Franssen, E., ... & Dunn, E. (1996). "A Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire: Development and Psychometric Properties". Maturitas, 24(6), 161-175.
  • 19. Hotun Şahin, N., Kharbouch, S. B., & H. Şahin, N. (2014). "Menopozal Dönemlerdeki Yaşam Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi". Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 15(59), 82-90.
  • 20. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). "Using Multivariate Statistics". Boston: Pearson Education.
  • 21. Chen, Y., Wang, A., Zhang, X., Xia, F., & Zhao, X. (2023). "Effect of Age at Menopause and Menopause İtself on High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Pulse Wave Velocity and Carotid İntima-Media Thickness in a Chinese Population". Medicine, 102(42), 35629.
  • 22. Silva, D. C., Costa, L. O., Vasconcelos, A. A., Cerqueira, J. C., Fantato, D., Torres, D. C., Santos, A. C., & Costa, H. F. (2014). "Waist Circumference and Menopausal Status Are Independent Predictors of Endothelial Low-Grade Inflammation". Endocrine Research, 39(1), 22–25.
  • 23. Harraqui, K., Oudghiri, D. E., Mrabti, H. N., Hannoun, Z., Lee, L. H., Assaggaf, H., Qasem, A., Goh, K. W., Ming, L. C., Tan, C. S., Bouyahya, A., & Bour, A. (2023). "Association Between Physical Activity, Body Composition and Metabolic Disorders in Middle-Aged Women of Ksar El Kebir (Morocco)". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 1739.
  • 24. Wu, S., Shi, Y., Zhao, Q., & Men, K. (2023). "The Relationship Between Physical Activity and the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms: a Cross-Sectional Study". BMC Women's Health, 23(1), 212.
  • 25. Tao, X., Jiang, M., Liu, Y., Hu, Q., Zhu, B., Hu, J., Guo, W., Wu, X., Xiong, Y., Shi, X., Zhang, X., Han, X., Li, W., Tong, R., & Long, E. (2023). "Predicting Three-Month Fasting Blood Glucose and Glycated Hemoglobin Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms". Scientific Reports, 13(1), 16437.
  • 26. Ellidag, H. Y., Eren, E., Akdag, M., Giray, O., Kiraz, K., & Yilmaz, N. (2016). "The Relationship Between Serum Ferritin Levels and Serum Lipids and HDL Function with Respect to Age and Gender". Ukrainian Biochemical Journal, 88(6), 76–86.
  • 27. Cybulska, A. M., Schneider-Matyka, D., Bosiacki, M., Chlubek, D., Panczyk, M., & Grochans, E. (2022). "The Levels of Bioelements in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome". Nutrients, 14(19), 4102.

40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1303 - 1316, 26.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953

Abstract

Bu araştırmada; menopoz dönemi sonrasında serum ferritin düzeyinin kadın bireylerde metabolik sendrom ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya Sultangazi Fatma Bedri Akman Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’ne kayıtlı olan, 40-65 yaş aralığındaki 126 kadın birey katılmıştır. Veriler anket aracılığıyla yüz yüze olacak şekilde görüşme sağlanarak toplanmıştır. Anket içeriğinde; demografik bilgiler, antropometrik ölçümler, ilgili kan parametreleri, “Demir yönünden zengin besin tüketim sıklığı” ve “Menopoza Özgü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği” bölümleri bulunmaktadır. Anket formları Eylül 2023-Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında uygulanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesi için IBM SPSS 25.0 kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan kadınların BKİ ortalaması 33,28 kg/m2 olup, %68,3’ ü birinci derecede obez kategorisinde bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca %95,2’ si insülin kullanmadığını belirtmiştir. Bireylerde en fazla görülen kronik rahatsızlıklar, metabolik sendrom bileşenlerinden diyabet (%45,2) ve hipertansiyon (%46)’ dur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; yaşam kalitesinin en fazla etkilendiği alanlar vazomotor ve fiziksel alanlardır. Araştırma sonucunda, bireylerin serum ferritin düzeyinin; total kolesterol ve LDL kolesterol düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkisi bulunmuştur (p=0,021). Vücut ağırlıkları ve bel / kalça oranı ile serum ferritin düzeyi arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır (p=0,032; p=0,022). Demir yönünden zengin besin tüketim sıklığı sonuçlarında, bireylerin %43,7’ si haftada 5-6 kez olacak şekilde en çok yumurta tüketimi gerçekleştirmiştir. Tavuk eti tüketim sıklığı ile serum ferritin düzeyi ve yağlı tohumlar tüketim sıklığı ile serum demir düzeyi arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bu çalışmaya göre, serum ferritin düzeyinin kısmen de olsa metabolik sendrom gelişimi ve bileşenlerinin kontrolü açısından önemli belirteç olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • 1. Kumari, R., Kumar, S., & Kant, R. (2019). "An Update on Metabolic Syndrome: Metabolic Risk Markers and Adipokines in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome". Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 13(4), 2409–2417.
  • 2. Hidalgo-Mora, J. J., Cortés-Sierra, L., García-Pérez, M. Á., Tarín, J. J., & Cano, A. (2020)". Diet to Reduce the Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Menopause. The Logic for Olive Oil." Nutrients, 12(10), 3184.
  • 3. Santoro, N., Epperson, C. N., & Mathews, S. B. (2015). "Menopausal Symptoms and Their Management". Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 44(3), 497–515.
  • 4. Sharma, S., & Mahajan, N. (2015). "Menopausal Symptoms and its Effect on Quality of Life in Urban Versus Rural Women: A Cross-Sectional Study". Journal of Mid-Life Health, 6(1), 16–20. 5. Johnson, A., Roberts, L., & Elkins, G. (2019). "Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Menopause". Journal of Evidence-Based İntegrative Medicine, 24, 2515690X19829380.
  • 6. Ko, S. H., & Kim, H. S. (2020). "Menopause-Associated Lipid Metabolic Disorders and Foods Beneficial for Postmenopausal Women". Nutrients, 12(1), 202.
  • 7. Bobescu, E., Bălan, A., Moga, M. A., Teodorescu, A., Mitrică, M., & Dima, L. (2020). "Are There Any Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Supplementation for Metabolic Syndrome Components in Postmenopausal Women?". Marine Drugs, 18(12), 651.
  • 8. Han, H., Ni, P., Zhang, S., Ji, X., Zhu, M., Ma, W., Ge, H., & Chu, H. (2023). "The Association of Body Mass İndex and Weight Waist Adjustment İndex With Serum Ferritin in a National Study of US Adults". European Journal of Medical Research, 28(1), 374.
  • 9. Shim, Y. S., Kang, M. J., Oh, Y. J., Baek, J. W., Yang, S., & Hwang, I. T. (2017). "Association of Serum Ferritin with Insulin Resistance, Abdominal Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adolescent and Adults: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008 to 2011". Medicine, 96(8), 6179.
  • 10. Adamska, A., Łebkowska, A., Krentowska, A., Adamski, M., & Kowalska, I. (2020). "The Association Between Serum Ferritin Concentration and Visceral Adiposity Estimated by Whole-Body DXA Scan in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome". Frontiers in Endocrinology, 10, 873.
  • 11. Oldewage-Theron, W. H., Egal, A. A., & Grobler, C. J. (2015). "Is Obesity Associated With Iron Status in the Elderly? A Case Study From Sharpeville, South Africa". Public Health Nutrition, 18(3), 521–529.
  • 12. Kumar, D., Rasheed, T., Zuberi, B. F., Sadaf, R., & Ali, F. S. (2023). "Correlation of HbA1c with Serum Iron & Transferrin Saturation in Non-Diabetic Patients with Iron Deficiency". Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 39(4), 956–960.
  • 13. Iwanaga, S., Sakano, N., Taketa, K., Takahashi, N., Wang, D. H., Takahashi, H., Kubo, M., Miyatake, N., & Ogino, K. (2014). "Comparison of Serum Ferritin and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Between Japanese Workers with and Without Metabolic Syndrome". Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 8(3), 201–298.
  • 14. Srivastav, S. K., Mir, I. A., Bansal, N., Singh, P. K., Kumari, R., & Deshmukh, A. (2022). "Serum Ferritin in Metabolic Syndrome-Mechanisms and Clinical Applications". Pathophysiology: the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology, 29(2), 319–325.
  • 15. Yu, L., Yan, J., Zhang, Q., Lin, H., Zhu, L., Liu, Q., & Zhao, C. (2020). "Association Between Serum Ferritin and Blood Lipids: Influence of Diabetes and hs-CRP Levels". Journal of Diabetes Research, 2020, 4138696.
  • 16. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2016). “Korelasyonel Araştırmalar. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri”, 22, 184-189.
  • 17. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). "G*Power 3: a Flexible Statistical Power Analysis Program for the Social, Behavioral, and Biomedical Sciences". Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.
  • 18. Hilditch, J. R., Lewis, J., Peter, A., van Maris, B., Ross, A., Franssen, E., ... & Dunn, E. (1996). "A Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire: Development and Psychometric Properties". Maturitas, 24(6), 161-175.
  • 19. Hotun Şahin, N., Kharbouch, S. B., & H. Şahin, N. (2014). "Menopozal Dönemlerdeki Yaşam Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi". Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 15(59), 82-90.
  • 20. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). "Using Multivariate Statistics". Boston: Pearson Education.
  • 21. Chen, Y., Wang, A., Zhang, X., Xia, F., & Zhao, X. (2023). "Effect of Age at Menopause and Menopause İtself on High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Pulse Wave Velocity and Carotid İntima-Media Thickness in a Chinese Population". Medicine, 102(42), 35629.
  • 22. Silva, D. C., Costa, L. O., Vasconcelos, A. A., Cerqueira, J. C., Fantato, D., Torres, D. C., Santos, A. C., & Costa, H. F. (2014). "Waist Circumference and Menopausal Status Are Independent Predictors of Endothelial Low-Grade Inflammation". Endocrine Research, 39(1), 22–25.
  • 23. Harraqui, K., Oudghiri, D. E., Mrabti, H. N., Hannoun, Z., Lee, L. H., Assaggaf, H., Qasem, A., Goh, K. W., Ming, L. C., Tan, C. S., Bouyahya, A., & Bour, A. (2023). "Association Between Physical Activity, Body Composition and Metabolic Disorders in Middle-Aged Women of Ksar El Kebir (Morocco)". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 1739.
  • 24. Wu, S., Shi, Y., Zhao, Q., & Men, K. (2023). "The Relationship Between Physical Activity and the Severity of Menopausal Symptoms: a Cross-Sectional Study". BMC Women's Health, 23(1), 212.
  • 25. Tao, X., Jiang, M., Liu, Y., Hu, Q., Zhu, B., Hu, J., Guo, W., Wu, X., Xiong, Y., Shi, X., Zhang, X., Han, X., Li, W., Tong, R., & Long, E. (2023). "Predicting Three-Month Fasting Blood Glucose and Glycated Hemoglobin Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms". Scientific Reports, 13(1), 16437.
  • 26. Ellidag, H. Y., Eren, E., Akdag, M., Giray, O., Kiraz, K., & Yilmaz, N. (2016). "The Relationship Between Serum Ferritin Levels and Serum Lipids and HDL Function with Respect to Age and Gender". Ukrainian Biochemical Journal, 88(6), 76–86.
  • 27. Cybulska, A. M., Schneider-Matyka, D., Bosiacki, M., Chlubek, D., Panczyk, M., & Grochans, E. (2022). "The Levels of Bioelements in Postmenopausal Women with Metabolic Syndrome". Nutrients, 14(19), 4102.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Health Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Aybike Rzalı 0009-0005-6163-2137

Ülkü Demirci 0000-0002-2842-920X

Publication Date September 26, 2024
Submission Date March 26, 2024
Acceptance Date July 12, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Rzalı, A., & Demirci, Ü. (2024). 40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(3), 1303-1316. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953
AMA Rzalı A, Demirci Ü. 40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. September 2024;13(3):1303-1316. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953
Chicago Rzalı, Aybike, and Ülkü Demirci. “40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom Ile İlişkisi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 3 (September 2024): 1303-16. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953.
EndNote Rzalı A, Demirci Ü (September 1, 2024) 40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13 3 1303–1316.
IEEE A. Rzalı and Ü. Demirci, “40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1303–1316, 2024, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953.
ISNAD Rzalı, Aybike - Demirci, Ülkü. “40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom Ile İlişkisi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13/3 (September 2024), 1303-1316. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953.
JAMA Rzalı A, Demirci Ü. 40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;13:1303–1316.
MLA Rzalı, Aybike and Ülkü Demirci. “40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom Ile İlişkisi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, 2024, pp. 1303-16, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1458953.
Vancouver Rzalı A, Demirci Ü. 40-65 Yaş Aralığındaki Kadınlarda, Menopoz Sonrasında Serum Ferritin Düzeylerinin Metabolik Sendrom ile İlişkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;13(3):1303-16.