Antik Yazarların Eserlerinde Sophene Bölgesi İle İlgili Anlatımlar

Abstract

Coğrafi açıdan Yukarı Fırat Havzası olarak lokalize edilebilecek olan Sophene bölgesi günümüzde Elazığ ve Tunceli illerini kapsamaktadır. Bölgenin dağlık coğrafi yapısından dolayı tarih boyunca ele geçirilmesi ve tutulması oldukça zor olmuştur. Bölge, Anadolu'da yazının geniş ölçüde kullanıldığı Hitit çivi yazılı metinlerinde "Išuwa", "Pahhuwa", "Zuppa"; Urartu kaynaklarında "Şupa(ni)" ve antik yazarların eserlerinde ise "Sophene" ya da "Sophenene" olarak adlandırılmıştır. Antik çağ yazarları kendine has coğrafi özelliklere sahip olan bölge hakkında bilgiler vermişlerdir. Özellikle Strabon, bölgenin yeri konusunda anlatımlarda bulunmasına rağmen bölgede yaşayan halkın sahip olduğu kültür ve yaşayış tarzı konusunda yeterince bilgi vermemiştir. Selevkos, Pontus, Armenia krallıkları ile Roma arasında geçen mücadelede bölge önem kazanmıştır. Selevkos Kralı III. Antiochus'un Roma ile yaptığı mücadele esnasında ona bağlı olan Sophene valileri Artaxias ve Zariadres bağımsızlığını ilan etmiştir. Sophene yaklaşık yüz yıl süreyle bağımsız kalmıştır. Pontus Kralı Mithradates'in Roma ile girdiği mücadeleyi sona erdirmek için Anadolu'nun doğusuna sefer düzenleyen Romalı General Pompey, Armenia Krallığı ile birlikte Sophene bölgesini ele geçirmiştir. Sophene, önce Büyük Tigranes'in oğlu III. Tigranes'e verilmiş ise de onun Parthia Krallığı ile olan ilişkileri nedeniyle geri alınarak Roma'nın Kapadokya eyaletine bağlanmıştır. Roma'nın bir eyaleti haline dönüşen Sophene, sonraki dönemlerde Roma - Parthia mücadelesinde Roma'nın ileri karakolu görevini üstlenmiştir. Uzun dönem Roma'nın bir parçası olan bölge daha sonra Türk - İslam idaresine girmiştir. 

Keywords

• Antik Yazarlar,Sophene,Išuwa,Suppa(na),Armenia

SOPHENE REGION RELATED EXPRESSIONS ON THE WORKS OF ANCIENT AUTHORS

Abstract

Sophene region may be as geographically localized Upper Euphrates Basin covers the provinces of Tunceli and Elazig today. Due to the geographical structure of mountainous, region has been quite difficult to seizure and retention throughout the history. The region has been named as "Išuwa", "Pahhuw", and "Zuppa" in Hittite nail in the written text, "Supa(ni)" in Urartu source and "Sophene" or " Sophenene " at works of the ancient writers'. The authors of antiquity gave information about the region that has unique geographic characteristics. In particular, Strabon gave information about the location of the region but he was not inform enough information of the people living in the region have culture and life style on. The Region has gained importance in the struggle between Seleucid, Pontic, Armenia kingdoms and Rome. During his struggle with Rome, King of Selevkos Antiochus III affiliated with Artaxias and Zariadres of Sophene governor has declared its independence. Sophene remained independent for nearly a hundred years. Roman general Pompey which regulates the eastern Anatolian to end the fight with The King of Pontus Mithridates, conquered the region Sophene with the Kingdom of Armenia. Sophene, was given to eldest son of Tigranes of Tigranes III but it was taken back to him because of he's relations with the Kingdom of Parthia, were attached to the province of Cappadocia. Sophene, turned into a province of Rome, became outpost in the struggle Roman-Parthian in later periods. The region has been part of Rome for long period, then it entered the Turkish-Islamic administration. 

Keywords

• Ancient Writers,Sophene,Išuwa,Suppa(na),Armenia

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