Orta Doğu’daki Çatışmaların Küresel Hatları

Year 2019, , 151 - 197, 15.04.2019

Andreas Leutzsch

https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.554057

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu makale, Orta Doğu’daki mevcut çatışmaların sadece devletler arası bir çatışma ya da bir Medeniyetler Çatışması olmadığını, küyerel göreli yoksunluğun bir iktidar boşluğuna ve durgun devletler arası çatışmalara yol açtığını savunmaktadır. Tezimi desteklemek için üç paradigmayı ve bunların Orta Doğu’daki krizi açıklama kapasitesini tartışacağım. Birincisi, Carl Schmitt’in Westphalia Yönetişimi’nden dış müdahalesizlik alanları olarak küresel hatlara (bir Yeryüzü Yasaları hattına) dönüşüdür. Bu ya ulus aşırı bir krize gerçek dışı uluslararası çözümler önermek ya da paradoksal şekilde, bölgedeki hegemonik çıkarları desteklemek için kullanılmaktadır. İkinci olarak, Samuel Huntington’ın klasik emperyalist anlayışın ötesinde, küresel mukayese edilebilirlik ufku sayesinde güçlendirilmiş küresel standartlar olarak bir Batı hegemonyası çağrısı için tartışmalı veri ve göndermelere dayalı Medeniyetler Çatışması paradigmasını irdeleyeceğim. Üçüncü olarak ise, Hans-Ulrich Wehler’in ulus devletlerde göreli yoksunluk, kimlik, katılım, bölüşüm, nüfuz ve meşruiyet krizlerine dayalı modernleşme krizinin nedenleri üzerine çizdiği çerçeveyi, Orta Doğu’daki çatımaları dünya toplumunda küyerel mukayese ve rekabetin bir sonucu olarak analiz etmek üzere genişleteceğim

Keywords

Carl Schmitt, Samuel P. Huntington, Küresel Hatlar, Küyerel Göreli Yoksunluk, Medeniyetler Çatışması

Global Lines in Conflicts in the Middle East

Abstract

My case is that current conflicts in the Middle East are not only conflicts between states or a Clash of Civilizations, but that glocal relative deprivation has caused a vacuum of power and conflicts between stationary states. To support my argument, I will discuss three paradigms and their ability for explaining the crisis in the Middle East: First, Carl Schmitt’s turn from Westphalian Governance to global lines (of a Nomos of Earth) as spheres of foreign non-interference, which is either used to propose unrealistic international solutions to a transnational crisis or, paradoxically, to back hegemonic interests in the region. Second, I will deconstruct Samuel Huntington’s paradigm of a Clash of Civilizations, which is based on dubious data and references to call for a Western hegemony that already exists beyond the classical imperialist understanding of it as global standards empowered with help of global horizons of comparability. Third, I will extend Hans-Ulrich Wehler’s sketch of reasons for modernization crisis in nation-states that is based on relative deprivation, identity-, participation-, distribution-, penetration-, and (culminating in a) legitimation-crisis, for analyzing conflicts in the Middle East as caused by glocal comparison and competition in world society. In summing, I intend to analyze the unrest in the Middle East as caused by glocal relative deprivation. This perspective enables us to deal with glocal political and social processes rather as represented than caused by global cultural or political conflicts between “civilizations” or states.

Keywords

Carl Schmitt, Samuel P. Huntington, Global Lines, Glocal Relative Deprivation, Clash of Civilizations

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