Stratejik Kültür ve Güncel Kuramsal Tartışmalar

Year 2016, Volume: 12 Issue: 24, 147 - 182, 29.12.2016

Özgür Körpe

Abstract

Uluslararası İlişkiler ve onun bir alt dalı
sayılabilecek olan Güvenlik Stratejileri alanında, uluslararası aktörlerin
eylemlerinin sebeplerini ve sonuçlarını anlayabilmek için pek çok teori
geliştirilmiş; ulusların karşılaştıkları uluslararası sorunlara müdahale
biçimleri de araştırmacıların ilgi alanlarından birisi olmuştur. Aslında
“müdahale biçimleri” tabirinden, karar alıcıların verili bir soruna yaklaşımları
anlaşılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla “müdahale” bir karar alma davranışının sonucunda
biçimlenir. Herhangi bir sosyal bilim araştırmasının bu alandaki çabası ise
olgudan düşünceye doğru iz sürmek ve bu sayede siyasi elitin yaklaşım biçimini,
tam manasıyla “karar alma biçimini” karakterize etmek şeklinde özetlenebilir.
Sonuçların ise “stratejik kültür”, “güç kullanımı tarzı”, “savaş tarzı”,
“güvenlik kültürü”, “dış politika yaklaşımı” gibi şekillerde adlandırıldığı
görülür. Bu çalışmanın odağını ise, siyasi/stratejik/güvenlik karar alıcı
elitinin güvenlik siyasasına ve nihayet bu siyasasının gerçekleştirilmesindeki
güç kullanım tercihlerine odaklanan “stratejik kültür” kavramıyla ilgili olarak
uluslararası ve ulusal akademik literatürde yer alan tartışmalar oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

Uluslararası İlişkiler, Güvenlik Stratejileri, Stratejik Kültür, Savaş Tarzı, Karar Alma

Strategic Culture and Current Theoretical Debates

Abstract

In the International
Relations and in its sub-section Security Strategies area, various theories
have been put forward in order to understand the reasons and results of the
actions of international actors, and states’ ways of response to the faced
international crises have attracted the interest. In fact, one can understand
from the phrase of “way of response” that the approaches of the decision makers
to a given case. Therefore, “response” shapes up as a result of decision
behavior. The effort of any social science research can be summarized as
tracing from event to thought and characterizing the approach or rather “way of
decision-making” of the political elite. The results appear as “strategic
culture”, “use of power”, “way of war”, “security culture” or “foreign policy
approach”. The main focus of this work is the debates in national and
international academic literature on “strategic culture” which concentrates to
the security policy and finally the choices of use of power of the
political/strategic/security elites.

Keywords

International Relations, Security Strategies, Strategic Culture, Way of War, Decision Making

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