THE JURISDICTION OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT: A CRITICAL LEGAL SCRUTINY ON THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPLEMENTARITY ADOPTED IN THE ROME STATUE

Abstract

In this paper, our focus will be on the International Criminal Court’s (ICC) jurisdiction in the context of the complementarity principle. The subject of the jurisdiction, that is, crimes within the jurisdiction of the court, was not dealt with in detail while we aim to critically examine how the courts use their jurisdiction against the national powers of the states and what kind of mechanism is accepted in this regard. It has been argued that the jurisdictional relationship between the court and state parties has a horizontal framework. That is, national systems are prior, but international institutions might take the jurisdiction over when they (national systems) purely fail. Since the relationship between national states and international jurisdictions is not vertical, the principle of universal jurisdiction has not been preferred for the ICC. However, this required cooperation between states and international jurisdictions such as the ICC in criminal matters to prevent major international crimes.

Keywords

• Universal jurisdiction
• Complementarity principle
• International criminal court
• International crimes
• Sovereignty.

ULUSLARARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ’NİN YARGI YETKİSİ: ROMA STATÜSÜ’NDE KABUL EDİLEN TAMAMLAYICILIK İLKESİ ÜZERİNE ELEŞTİREL HUKUKİ BİR İNCELEME

Abstract

Bu çalışmada odak noktamız tamamlayıcılık prensibi bağlamında Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’in yargı yetkisi üzerine olacaktır. Yargı yetkisinin konusu yani mahkemenin görev alanına giren suçlar çalışmada detaylı olarak ele alınmazken, amacımız yargı yetkisinin konusu yani mahkemenin görev alanına giren suçlar bu yazıda ele alınmazken, amacımız mahkemelerin yargı yetkisini devletlerin ulusal yetkileri karşısında nasıl kullandıklarını ve bu bağlamda nasıl bir mekanizma kabul edildiğini eleştirel bir gözle incelemektir. Mahkeme ile taraf devletlerarasındaki yetki ilişkisinin yatay bir çerçeveye sahip olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Yani, ulusal sistemlerin yargı yetkisi önceliklidir, fakat ulusal sistemler yargılama konusunda tamamen başarısız olduklarında uluslararası kurumlar yetkiyi devralabilirler. Ulusal devletler ile uluslararası yargı yetkileri arasındaki ilişki dikey olmadığı için evrensel yargı ilkesi ICC için tercih edilmemiştir. Ancak bu, önemli uluslararası suçları önlemek için cezai konularda devletler ve ICC gibi uluslararası yargı mercileri arasında işbirliğini gerektirmektedir.

Keywords

• Evrensel yetki
• Tamamlayıcılık ilkesi
• Uluslararası ceza mahkemesi
• Uluslararası suçlar
• Egemenlik.

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