KAMU HASTANELERININ TEKNİK ETKİNLİĞİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME: İL DÜZEYİNDE VERİLERE DAYALI VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ

Year 2025, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 277 - 292, 28.06.2025

Gamze Yorgancıoğlu Tarcan , Pınar Yalçın Balçık

https://doi.org/10.61859/hacettepesid.1637590

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki kamu hastanelerinin teknik etkinliğini il düzeyinde Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) yöntemiyle değerlendirmekte ve etkinlik düzeylerini etkileyen faktörleri ortaya koymaktadır. 81 il için verimlilik puanları hesaplanmış, ardından sağlık altyapısı, insan kaynakları ve hizmet sunumu göstergelerinin teknik verimlilik üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla çok değişkenli regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular, yatak yoğunluğunun (her 10.000 kişiye düşen yatak sayısı) verimliliği olumlu etkilediğini; ancak yoğun bakım yataklarının ve nitelikli hastane yataklarının aşırı sayıda olmasının verimlilik üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu il bazlı ve kapsamlı çalışma, Türkiye'deki bölgeler arası yapısal farklılıkları göz önünde bulundurarak, illeri verimlilik desenlerine göre sınıflandırmak için k-ortalama (k-means) kümeleme analizini kullanmaktadır. Ayrıca, regresyon analizi yoluyla temel belirleyicileri ortaya koyarak politika yapıcılar ve sağlık yöneticileri için somut müdahale alanları önermektedir. Bu yönüyle çalışma, Türk sağlık sistemi özelinde hastane verimliliğini veri temelli ve yönetim odaklı bir yaklaşımla değerlendirmekte; sağlık yönetimi alanında çalışanlar için bölgesel planlama, kaynak tahsisi ve hizmet optimizasyon stratejilerine katkı sağlayacak özgün bulgular sunmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, sağlık hizmet sunumunda altyapının iyileştirilmesi ve kaynakların etkin kullanımı yoluyla verimlilik odaklı bir bakış açısının güçlendirilmesi gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

Teknik etkinlik , Veri zarflama analizi , Türk sağlık sistemi , Hastaneler , Sağlık yönetimi

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted using publicly available, institutionally collected statistical data that does not contain any personal information. Therefore, ethical approval was not required. The author(s) contributed to all stages of the study including literature review, data analysis, interpretation of findings, and manuscript preparation and actively participated throughout the research process.

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS: DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS BASED ON DATA AT THE PROVINCIAL LEVEL

Abstract

This study evaluates the technical efficiency of public hospitals in Turkey using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) at the provincial level and identifies the factors affecting efficiency scores. Efficiency scores were calculated for 81 provinces, and multivariate regression analysis was conducted to examine the influence of healthcare infrastructure, human resources, and service delivery indicators on technical efficiency. The findings reveal that while a higher bed density (beds per 10,000 population) positively impacts efficiency, an excessive number of intensive care beds and qualified hospital beds have a detrimental effect on efficiency. This province-based and comprehensive study takes into account the structural differences among regions in Turkey and employs k-means clustering analysis to classify provinces according to their efficiency patterns. Furthermore, by identifying key determinants through regression analysis, the study provides concrete intervention areas for policymakers and healthcare administrators. Thus, this research offers a data-driven and management-oriented evaluation of hospital efficiency specifically within the Turkish healthcare system and delivers original findings that can support regional planning, resource allocation, and service optimization strategies for those working in the field of health management. The results emphasize the critical need to reinforce an efficiency-oriented perspective in healthcare service delivery through infrastructure optimization and effective resource utilization.

Keywords

Technical efficiency , Data envelopment analysis , Turkish health system , Hospitals , Health management

Ethical Statement

This article does not require any human/animal subjects to acquire ethical approval.

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