Effect of soil components on some phosphorus fractions

Year 2023, , 610 - 623, 27.12.2023

İlknur Yurdakul , Sadık Usta

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1357243

Abstract

Phosphorus (P), a macro plant nutrient element in plant cultivation, is an important nutrient source for plant growth. Despite sufficient P in the soil, there are situations where the plant cannot utilize this P, leading to constraints in plant growth. T To address this, studies were conducted on two heavy-textured soils with P availability issues. The effects of removing lime, organic matter, and iron oxides from the soil were monitored on P fractions. For organic matter removal (OG), 30% H2O2 was added to the soil and heated, and excess H2O2 was washed away. For the lime removal process (KG), 1.0 N HCl solution was added to the soil, and when swelling was completed, the water on the soil surface was washed and siphoned. For lime, organic matter an d iron removal process (KODG), 0.5 M NaHCO3, 0.3 M Na3C6H5O7 solution and Na-dithionite were added to the soil, heated in a water bath and evaporated, and the process continued until the color turned white. OG, KG, limand organic matter removal process (KOG) and KODG subjects were created by removing components individually andsequentially for both soils. P-adsorption maximums (Smax) of soils from which soil components were removed by undergoingdifferent pre-treatments were found. The obtained equilibrium solution P amounts (C) and adsorbed P (S) data were used to create the linearized equation of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The P fractions were determined using wet digestion, drydigestion and NaHCO3 (pH 8.5) extraction. In the Düver and Harran series total phosphorus (PT) was found to be 804 and 858mg kg-1, organic phosphorus (Po) was 430 and 340 mg kg-1, inorganic phosphorous (Pi) was 374 and 518 mg kg-1, Olsen phosphorous (POls) was 4.10 and 11.67 mg kg-1. The regression between removal of soil components and PT was significant (0.795*) in the Düver series. Removals resulted in a decrease in the PT value and was statistically significant (F=10.24*, P<0.05; F=16.95**, P<0.01). The regression relationship between removal processes and Pi amount was significant (0.905* and 0.789*). While statistical significance was obtained as F=31.43**, P<0.01 in the Düver series, F=51.15**, P<0.01 in the Harran series. Thesignificance between the subjects in both soils was at the level of 5%, respectively (F=6.06*, P<0.05; F=8.59*, P<0.05). It wasobserved that at the point where PT was lowest (when all three components were removed from the soil), Smax was also lowWhile there was no significant change in Smax in response to changes in PT in the Düver series soil, it was significant in thHarran series soil (F=7.75, P<0.05). The removal of soil components led to an increase in Smax and PT amounts of soil, whilcausing a decrease in the amount of POls.

Keywords

Phosphorus fraction, iron, organic matter, lime, soil

Supporting Institution

TUBİTAK

Toprak bileşenlerinin bazı fosfor fraksiyonlarına etkisi

Abstract

Bitki yetiştiriciliğinde makro bitki besin elementi olan fosfor (P) bitki gelişiminde önemli bir besin kaynağıdır. Topraklarda yeterli P olmasına karşın bitkinin bu P’dan faydalanamadığı
durumlar bitki gelişiminin kısıtlanmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu amaçla alınabilir P problemleri olan ağır bünyeli iki toprakta çalışma yapılmıştır. Topraktan kireç, organik madde ve demir oksitler uzaklaştırılarak P fraksiyonlarına etkileri takip edilmiştir. Organik madde giderme işlemi (OG) için toprağa %30’luk H2O2 ilave edilerek ısıtma işlemi yapılmış fazla H2O2 yıkanarak uzaklaştırılmıştır. Kireç giderme işlemi (KG) işlemi için toprağa 1.0 N HCl çözeltisi ilave edilmiş, kabarma tamamlandığında toprak yüzeyindeki su yıkanarak sifonlanmıştır. Kireç, organik madde ve demir giderme işlemi (KODG) için toprak üzerine 0.5 M NaHCO3, 0.3 M Na3C6H5O7 çözeltisi ve Na-dithionite ilave edilerek su banyosunda ısıtılıp, buharlaştırılmış, renk beyazlaşıncaya kadar işleme devam edilmiştir. Her iki toprak için tek tek ve ardışık bileşen uzaklaştırma işlemi yapılarak OG, KG, Kireç ve organik madde giderme işlemi (KOG) ile KODG konuları oluşturulmuştur. Farklı ön işlemlerden geçirilerek toprak bileşenleri uzaklaştırılmış toprakların P-adsorpsiyon maksimumları (Smax) bulunmuştur. Elde edilen denge çözeltisi P miktarları (C) ve adsorplanan P (S) verileri kullanılarak Langmuir adsorpsiyon izoterminin doğrusallaştırılmış denklemi oluşturulmuştur. P fraksiyonları, yaş yakma, kuru yakma ve NaHCO3 (pH 8.5) ekstraksiyonu kullanılarak tayin edilmiştir. Düver ve Harran serisinde toplam fosfor (PT) 804 ve 858 mg kg , organik fosfor (Po) 430 ve 340 mg kg -1 olarak bulunmuştur. Toprak bileşenlerinin giderilmesi ile PT arasındaki regresyon, Düver serisinde önemli olmuştur (0.795*). Giderme işlemleri PT değerinde azalma gerçekleştirmiş ve istatistiki anlamda önemli olmuştur (F=10.24*, P<0.05; F=16.95**, P<0.01). Giderme işlemleri ile Pi miktarı arasındaki regresyon ilişkisi (0.905* ve 0.789*) önemli olmuştur. Düver serisinde istatistiki önem F=31.43**, P<0.01 iken Harran serisinde F=51.15**, P<0.01 elde edilmiştir. Her iki toprakta konular arasındaki önemlilik sırasıyla (F=6.06*, P<0.05; F=8.59*, P<0.05) %5 seviyesinde olmuştur. PT’un en düşük olduğu noktada (her üç bileşenin de topraktan uzaklaştırıldığı durum) Smax değerinin de düşük olduğu görülmüştür. PT miktarındaki değişime karşın Smax değişimi Düver serisi toprağında önemli olmamış, Harran serisi toprağında önemli olmuştur (F=7.75, P<0.05). Toprak bileşenlerinin giderilmesi toprağın Smax ve PT miktarlarında artışa neden olurken POls miktarında azalmaya neden olmuştur.

Keywords

Fosfor fraksiyonu, organik madde, demir, kireç, toprak

Ethical Statement

Yayın etik kurulu gerektirmemektedir.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Thanks

Bu çalışmada kullanılan veriler Ağır Bünyeli Toprakta Bazı Toprak Bileşenlerinin Fosfor Adsorpsiyon Kapasitesine Etkilerinin Langmuir İzotermleri ile Araştırılması (TOVAG-106O300) projesinin bir bölümünden alınmıştır. Proje TÜBİTAK tarafından desteklenmiştir. Yazarlar TÜBİTAK’a desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür ederler.

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