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Bazı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının Armut Psillidi [Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)]’nin Kışlık-Formuna Karşı Yumurta Bırakmayı Engelleyici ve Ovisidal Etkileri

Year 2017, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 259 - 265, 27.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.339317

Abstract

Armut psillidi, Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), Türkiye’de armut
ağaçlarının en önemli zararlısı konumunda olup, mücadelesinde genelde sentetik
kimyasal ilaçlar kullanılmaktadır. Son yıllarda bitkilerde doğal olarak bulunan
bazı bileşiklerin sentetik pestisitlere alternatif olarak kullanılabilme
olanaklarıyla ilgili çalışmalar önem kazanmış olup, bu çalışmada bazı bitkilerin
(biberiye (Rosmarinus officinalis), nane
(Mentha piperita), anason (Pimpinella anisum), rezene (Foeniculum vulgare), bergamot (Citrus bergamia) ve turunç (Citrus
aurantium
)) uçucu yağlarının zararlının kışlık-form erginlerine karşı yumurta
bırakmayı engelleyici ve yumurtayı öldürücü etkileri laboratuvarda in vivo şartlarda araştırılmıştır. Her
iki testte de, uçucu yağların tek dozu (120 µl l-1 su)
kullanılmıştır. Uçucu yağların yumurta bırakmayı engelleyici etkileri iki
haftalık bir ovipozisyon periyodu sonunda, ovisidal etkileri ise 10 günlük bir
süre sonunda belirlenmiştir. Yumurta bırakmayı engelleyici etki testlerinden
elde edilen sonuçlara göre, biberiye hariç tüm yağlar uygulamadan bir gün sonra
yapılan sayımda %100 engelleyici etki göstermiştir. Turunç yağı, uygulamadan üç
gün sonraki sayımda %100 engelleme gösteren tek yağ olmuş, ancak bu etki 7, 10
ve 14 gün sonraki sayımlarda hızlı bir şekilde düşmüştür. Uçucu yağlardan
rezene, tüm sayımlar boyunca en kalıcı etkiyi göstermiş olup, uygulamadan 10
gün sonraki sayımda bile %50’nin üzerinde engelleyici etki gösterebilen tek
uçucu yağ olmuştur. Birinci günkü sayım dışında, nane yağı tüm sayımlarda en
düşük engelleyici etkiye sahip yağ olmuştur. Ovisidal etki testlerinde ise, uygulamadan
üç gün sonraki sayımda nane ve biberiye dışında tüm yağlar zararlının 0-48
saatlik yumurtalarında %87.5-89.3 arasında değişen ölümlere neden olmuş, ancak
7 ve 10 gün sonraki sayımlarda tüm yağların etkinliği ani olarak düşmüştür. Tüm
bu sonuçlar, söz konusu uçucu yağların armut psillidinin erken dönem mücadelesinde
kimyasallara alternatif olabileceğini göstermiştir.

References

  • Anonim, 2017. Markalaştırılan Ürünler. http://www.haberler.com/karyagdi-armudu-cografi-isaretli-urunler-arasina-7928668-haberi/. Erişim tarihi: 06.04.2017.
  • Abbott, W.S., 1925. A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
  • Carraro, L., 1998. Transmission of pear decline by using naturally infected Cacopsylla pyri L. Acta Horticulturae, 472: 665-668.
  • Erler, F., 2004a. Natural enemies of the pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri in treated vs. untreated pear orchards in Antalya, Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 32(3): 295-304.
  • Erler, F., 2004b. Laboratory evaluation of a botanical natural product (AkseBio2) against the pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 32(4): 351-356.
  • Erler, F., 2004c. Oviposition deterrency and deterrent stability of some oily substances against the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 32(5): 479-485.
  • Erler, F., Cetin, H., 2005. Evaluation of some selective insecticides and their combinations with summer oil for the control of the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 33(2): 169-176.
  • Erler, F., Cetin, H., 2007. Effect of kaolin particle film treatment on winterform oviposition of the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 35(5): 466-473.
  • Erler, F., Yegen, O., Zeller, W., 2007. Field evaluation of a botanical natural product against the pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 100(1): 66-71.
  • Erler, F., Pradier, T., Aciloglu, B., 2014. Field evaluation of an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum strain F52, against pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Pest Management Science, 70(3): 496-501.
  • Julien, J., 1984. The economic importance of pear psyllids for the production of pears in France. IOBC / WPRS Bulletin, 7(5): 7-12.
  • Kovancı, B., Gencer, N.S., Kaya, M., Akbudak, B., 2000. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi armut bahçesinde Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Homoptera: Psyllidae)'nin populasyon değişimi üzerinde araştırmalar. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 24: 289-300.
  • Lundgren, L., 1975. Natural plant chemicals acting as oviposition deterrents on cabbage butterflies [Pieris brassicae (L.), P. rapae (L.) and P. napi (L.)]. Zoologica Scripta, 4: 253-258.
  • Lyousoufi, A., Rieux, R., D'Arcier, F.F., 1988. Evolution of the oviposition potential and number of eggs of the pear psylla Psylla pyri (L.) during the winter and spring period in the lower Rhone Valley. Journal of Applied Entomology, 106: 97-107.
  • SAS Institute, 2001. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Version 8·02. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, USA.
  • Solomon, M.G., Morgan, D., 1994. Timing pesticide applications in integrated pear management: The role of modeling. IOBC / WPRS Bulletin, 17(2): 57-60.
  • Staubli, A., 1984. The economic importance of pear psyllids for the production of pears in Switzerland. IOBC / WPRS Bulletin, 7(5): 16-22.
  • Westigard, P.H., Zwick, R.W., 1972. The pear psylla in Oregon. The Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 122: 1-22.
  • Zwick, R.W., Westigard, P.H., 1978. Prebloom petroleum oil applications for delaying pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) oviposition. The Canadian Entomologist, 110: 225-23.

Oviposition Deterrent and Ovicidal Effects of Some Plant Essential Oils Against the Winter-Form of Pear Psylla, [Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)]

Year 2017, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 259 - 265, 27.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.339317

Abstract

Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is the most important
pest of pears in Turkey, and synthetic chemical insecticides are generally used
in its control. In recent years, studies on the possibility of using some
compounds naturally found in plants as an alternative to synthetic pesticides
have gained importance, and in this study, oviposition deterrent and ovicidal
effects of some plant essential oils (rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), mint (Mentha
piperita
), anise (Pimpinella anisum),
fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), bergamot
(Citrus bergamia)
and bitter oranges (Citrus aurantium))
against winter-form adults of the pest were investigated under in vivo conditions in the laboratory. In
both tests, only one dose (120 μl l-1 water) of each essential oil
was used. The oviposition deterrent effects of essential oils were determined
at the end of a 2-week oviposition period, while the ovicidal effects were
determined after a 10-day period. According to the results obtained from the
oviposition deterrence tests, all the oils except rosemary showed a deterrence
effect of 100% on the 1st day after application. The citrus oil was
the only oil that showed 100% oviposition deterrence three days after
application, but this effect quickly decreased on the 7th, 10th
and 14th days after application. Out of all the essential oils
tested, fennel showed the most stable effect during all the count times, and
became the only essential oil showing an oviposition deterrent effect of over
50% even after 10 days later. Except the first day count, mint oil had the
lowest deterrent effect at all the count times. In the ovicidal efficacy tests,
all the oils except mint and rosemary caused mortalities ranging from 87.5 to
89.3% in the 0-48 h-old eggs of the pest three days after application, but the
activity of all the oils sharply decreased in the 7th and 10th
day counts. Overall results showed that the essential oils in question may be
alternatives to chemical insecticides in the control of pear psylla in early
season.

References

  • Anonim, 2017. Markalaştırılan Ürünler. http://www.haberler.com/karyagdi-armudu-cografi-isaretli-urunler-arasina-7928668-haberi/. Erişim tarihi: 06.04.2017.
  • Abbott, W.S., 1925. A method for computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18: 265-267.
  • Carraro, L., 1998. Transmission of pear decline by using naturally infected Cacopsylla pyri L. Acta Horticulturae, 472: 665-668.
  • Erler, F., 2004a. Natural enemies of the pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri in treated vs. untreated pear orchards in Antalya, Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 32(3): 295-304.
  • Erler, F., 2004b. Laboratory evaluation of a botanical natural product (AkseBio2) against the pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 32(4): 351-356.
  • Erler, F., 2004c. Oviposition deterrency and deterrent stability of some oily substances against the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 32(5): 479-485.
  • Erler, F., Cetin, H., 2005. Evaluation of some selective insecticides and their combinations with summer oil for the control of the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 33(2): 169-176.
  • Erler, F., Cetin, H., 2007. Effect of kaolin particle film treatment on winterform oviposition of the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Phytoparasitica, 35(5): 466-473.
  • Erler, F., Yegen, O., Zeller, W., 2007. Field evaluation of a botanical natural product against the pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 100(1): 66-71.
  • Erler, F., Pradier, T., Aciloglu, B., 2014. Field evaluation of an entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum strain F52, against pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri. Pest Management Science, 70(3): 496-501.
  • Julien, J., 1984. The economic importance of pear psyllids for the production of pears in France. IOBC / WPRS Bulletin, 7(5): 7-12.
  • Kovancı, B., Gencer, N.S., Kaya, M., Akbudak, B., 2000. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi armut bahçesinde Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Homoptera: Psyllidae)'nin populasyon değişimi üzerinde araştırmalar. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 24: 289-300.
  • Lundgren, L., 1975. Natural plant chemicals acting as oviposition deterrents on cabbage butterflies [Pieris brassicae (L.), P. rapae (L.) and P. napi (L.)]. Zoologica Scripta, 4: 253-258.
  • Lyousoufi, A., Rieux, R., D'Arcier, F.F., 1988. Evolution of the oviposition potential and number of eggs of the pear psylla Psylla pyri (L.) during the winter and spring period in the lower Rhone Valley. Journal of Applied Entomology, 106: 97-107.
  • SAS Institute, 2001. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Version 8·02. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, USA.
  • Solomon, M.G., Morgan, D., 1994. Timing pesticide applications in integrated pear management: The role of modeling. IOBC / WPRS Bulletin, 17(2): 57-60.
  • Staubli, A., 1984. The economic importance of pear psyllids for the production of pears in Switzerland. IOBC / WPRS Bulletin, 7(5): 16-22.
  • Westigard, P.H., Zwick, R.W., 1972. The pear psylla in Oregon. The Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin, 122: 1-22.
  • Zwick, R.W., Westigard, P.H., 1978. Prebloom petroleum oil applications for delaying pear psylla (Homoptera: Psyllidae) oviposition. The Canadian Entomologist, 110: 225-23.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section dp
Authors

Barış İmrek This is me

Halil Güven This is me

Fedai Erler

Hilal Şule Tosun This is me

Publication Date September 27, 2017
Submission Date September 21, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 21 Issue: 3

Cite

APA İmrek, B., Güven, H., Erler, F., Tosun, H. Ş. (2017). Bazı Bitki Uçucu Yağlarının Armut Psillidi [Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)]’nin Kışlık-Formuna Karşı Yumurta Bırakmayı Engelleyici ve Ovisidal Etkileri. Harran Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(3), 259-265. https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.339317

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