Silisyumun Çilek Bitkisinde Tuz Stresine Etkileri

Year 2018, Volume: 22 Issue: 4, 478 - 483, 24.12.2018

Servet Aras , Ahmet Eşitken

Abstract

Çilek
bitkisi yetersiz drenaj ve aşırı gübrelemeden dolayı tuzluluktan
etkilenmektedir. Silisyum, tuz stresinin zararlı etkilerini azaltmada hem uygun
hem de ucuz bir uygulamadır. Çalışmamızda silisyumun; bitki gelişimi, nispi
klorofil içeriği ve stoma iletkenliği üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Kabarla
çilek çeşidi çalışma için seçilmiş ve deneme tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine
göre 3 tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 3 bitki olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Deneme
başlayana kadar tüm bitkiler musluk suyu ile sulanmıştır ve dikimden 1 ay sonra
bitkilere 3 farklı dozda CaSiO₃ (0.5, 1 ve 2 mM) uygulanmış ve 35 mM
NaCl çözeltisi verilmiştir. Kontrol ve tuz bitkilerine CaSiO₃
uygulanmamış olup tuz uygulanan bitkiler kontrol bitkileriyle kıyas edilmiştir.
Üç aylık tuz stresinden sonra (Mart ayında) kök hacmi, kök yoğunluğu, kök
ağırlık oranı, sürgün ağırlık oranı gibi birçok bitki büyüme özellikleri
değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, tuz kök hacmini kontrol grubuna kıyasla
%37 azaltırken, 1 mM Si %26 azaltmıştır. Tuz stresine maruz bırakılan
bitkilerde kök yoğunluğu önemli derecede azalmıştır. Kontrol grubuna kıyasla,
tuz grubu bitkileri kök yoğunluğunu %34 azaltırken, 0.5 mM silisyum %2 azaltmıştır.
Sonuç olarak, silisyum çilek bitkilerinde tuz stresinin zararlı etkilerini
azaltmıştır.

Keywords

Bitki gelişimi, Tuz stresi, Silisyum, Çilek

Effects of Silicon to Salt Stress on Strawberry Plant

Abstract

Strawberry
is often affected by salinity due to poor drainage and excessive fertilization.
Silicon application is becoming a feasible and cheap treatment to relieve the
damages of salt stress. In the current study, the effects of silicon was
investigated on plant growth, relative chlorophyll content and stomatal
conductance of strawberry plant. A strawberry plant (Fragaria × ananassa
Duch.) cv Kabarla was chosen for the experiment with following a randomized
plot design involving three replications, with three plants per replication. Up
until the start of the experiment, all plants were irrigated with tap water and
1 month later plants were applied with three different CaSiO₃ doses
(0.5, 1 and 2 mM) and were watered with 35 mM NaCl solution. Control and salt
plants were not applied with CaSiO₃, salt plants were watered with
NaCl solution compared to control. Three months after the salinity (in March),
many plant growth properties such as root volume, root tissue density, root
mass ratio, shoot mass ratio, were evaluated. End of the study, salt decreased
root volume by 37% compared to the control, while 1 mM Si decreased 26%. Root
tissue density was significantly reduced when plants were subjected to salt
stress. Compared to the control group, salt decreased root tissue density by
34%, while 0.5 mM Si declined by 2%. As a result, Si diminished the adverse effects of salt stress on
strawberry plant growth.

Keywords

Plant growth, Salt stress, Silicon, Strawberry

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