Biochemical alterations in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) infected with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ related strain (16SrI-B subgroup)

Year 2022, Volume 26, Issue 1, 15 - 24, 25.03.2022

Havva AKKURAK Mehmet GÜLDÜR Murat DİKİLİTAŞ

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1036313

Abstract

Phytoplasma infections are able to limit the lettuce growth around the world. The alterations of biochemical contents in the host physiology following phytoplasma infection in lettuce remain to be elucidated. In this study, changes in total protein and chlorophyll content, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme levels were investigated in leaves of lettuce plant after Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris infection. Symptoms observed in plants infected with phytoplasma were yellowing, little leaf, stunting, and a general decline. Phytoplasma agent detected in all infected lettuce by PCR-RFLP studies. Total protein and chlorophyll contents of phytoplasma-infected plants were lower than those of healthy control. Proline, MDA accumulation, POX and CAT enzyme activities were increased in infected plants as compared to those of control. The results show that phytoplasma infection can modify the host physiology of lettuce. In conclusion, this study indicated that the previously identified Ca. P. asteris was still pathogen with no changes in its DNA sequence and it was able to reduce the quality parameters of the lettuce plant and possess potential danger to the lettuce growing areas.

Keywords

biochemical alterations, phytoplasma, lettuce, PCR

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ (16SrI-B alt grup) ile infekteli marul (Lactuca sativa L.)’da biyokimyasal değişimler

Abstract

Dünya genelinde marulda verimi sınırlayan fitoplazma infeksiyonları görülmektedir. Marul bitkisinde fitoplazma etmeninin konukçu fizyolojisinde meydana getirdiği biyokimyasal bileşenlerindeki değişimler anlaşılmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris tarafından etkilenen marul bitkisinin yapraklarındaki total protein ve klorofil içeriği, prolin, malondialdehid (MDA) birikimi, peroksidaz (POD) ve katalaz (CAT) enzimlerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Fitoplazma ile infekteli bitkilerde gözlenen simptomlar sararma, küçük yaprak, bodurlaşma ve genel olarak bitkinin ölümü biçiminde olmuştur. PCR-RFLP çalışmalarıyla tüm infekteli marul bitkilerinde fitoplazmanın varlığı doğrulanmıştır. Fitoplazma ile infekteli bitkilerde toplam protein ve klorofil içeriği sağlıklı kontrol bitkilerine kıyasla azalmıştır. Prolin, MDA birikimi, POX ve CAT enzim aktivitesi infekteli bitkilerde artış gösterirken; sağlıklı kontrol bitkilerinde önemli düzeyde azalmıştır. Sonuçlar, fitoplazma infeksiyonunun konukçu fizyolojisini modifiye edebileceğini göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Ca. P. asteris’in marulu infekteleyen DNA dizisi değişmeyen bir patojen olduğu, etmenin marul bitkisinde kalite parametrelerini düşürdüğü ve marul yetiştirilen alanlarda potansiyel tehlike olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

biyokimyasal değişimler, fitoplazma, marul, PCR

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