Salicylic acid improves cold and freezing tolerance in pea

Year 2024, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 321 - 334, 21.06.2024

Ufuk Çelikkol Akçay , Hande Nur Kumbul , İbrahim Ertan Erkan

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1440738

Abstract

The most significant crop losses worldwide occur due to unfavorable temperatures such as heat, drought, cold, and freezing. Bioregulator substances like salicylic acid can play important roles in the growth, development, and stress responses of plants. In this study, changes in stem/root length and relative water content of peas under cold and freezing stress, as well as antioxidant system indicators such as proline, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, chlorophyll and ion leakage levels were investigated. The expressions of genes coding for the TOP2 and PDH47 enzymes, which play important roles in the replication, transcription, and repair of DNA molecules, were also examined in root and stem tissues in the presence of two different concentrations of salicylic acid under cold and freezing stress. The results have shown that the application of salicylic acid, when added to the growth medium, can have positive effects on the cold resistance of pea plants. Salicylic acid likely achieves some of its effects by increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase, one of the most important enzymes taking a role in combating reactive oxygen species. The data obtained indicate that salicylic acid also increased the expressions of TOP2 and PDH47 genes, which can both change the topology of DNA, possibly facilitating the transcription of genes taking a role in antioxidative defense. Salicylic acid also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide and maintained cell membrane integrity, which leads to a decrease in ion leakage and an increase in water-holding capacity. With this study, the mechanisms of action of salicylic acid in cold stress tolerance have been further elucidated, and its potential use in agricultural cultivation has been evaluated.

Keywords

Pisum sativum L., salicylic acid, cold stress, freezing stress

Project Number

102O367

Salisilik asit bezelyede soğuk ve donma toleransını artırır

Abstract

Dünya çapında en önemli ürün kayıpları; sıcak, kuraklık, soğuk ve donma gibi olumsuz hava sıcaklıklarından kaynaklanmaktadır. Salisilik asit gibi biyodüzenleyici maddeler bitkilerin büyümesinde, gelişmesinde ve stres tepkilerinde önemli roller oynayabilirler. Bu çalışmada soğuk ve donma stresi altında bezelyelerin gövde/kök uzunluğu ve bağıl su içeriğindeki değişimler ile prolin, malondialdehit, hidrojen peroksit, klorofil ve iyon sızıntısı seviyeleri gibi antioksidan sistem göstergeleri araştırılmıştır. DNA moleküllerinin replikasyonu, transkripsiyonu ve onarımında önemli rol oynayan TOP2 ve PDH47 enzimlerini kodlayan genlerin ifadeleri de soğuk ve donma stresi altında, iki farklı konsantrasyonda salisilik asit varlığında, kök ve gövde dokularında incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, büyüme ortamına eklendiğinde salisilik asit uygulamasının bezelye bitkilerinin soğuğa karşı direnci üzerinde olumlu etkileri olabileceğini göstermiştir. Salisilik asit muhtemelen bazı etkilerini reaktif oksijen türleriyle mücadelede rol alan en önemli enzimlerden biri olan süperoksit dismutazın aktivitesini arttırarak sağlamaktadır. Elde edilen veriler salisilik asidin aynı zamanda DNA topolojisini değiştirebilen TOP2 ve PDH47 genlerinin ifadesini de arttırdığını ve muhtemelen antioksidatif savunmada rol alan genlerin transkripsiyonunu kolaylaştırdığını göstermektedir. Salisilik asit aynı zamanda reaktif oksijen türü olan hidrojen peroksit düzeylerini azaltmış ve hücre zarı bütünlüğünü korumuştur, bu da iyon sızıntısında azalmaya ve su tutma kapasitesinde artışa yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma ile salisilik asidin soğuk stresine toleranstaki etki mekanizmaları bir adım daha aydınlatılarak tarımsal alanda kullanım potansiyeli değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Pisum sativum L., salisilik asit, soğuk stresi, donma stresi

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

102O367

Thanks

This study was funded by TÜBİTAK with the project number of 102O367.

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