Kimyasal gübrelerin etkinliğini artırmada rizobakteri (PGPR) ve yarasa gübresi uygulamalarının marulda(Lactuca Sativa L.) verim ve verim bileşenlerine etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 28 Issue: 4, 616 - 624, 15.12.2024

Yusuf Çelik

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1485530

Abstract

Marul yetiştiriciliğinde yüksek verim için üreticiler gereğinden fazla kimyasal gübre uygulamaktadırlar. Bu anlayış bir takım gıda ve çevre sorunlarını beraberinde getirmektedir. Tesadüf parselleri deneme düzeninde dört tekerrürlü olarak planlanan çalışmada, marul yetiştiriciliğinde verim ve kalitenin artırılması amacıyla Bitki Gelişimini Destekleyen Rizobakteriler (PGPR), artan dozlarda Yarasa Gübresi (YG) ve %30 oranında azaltılmış kimyasal gübre (7/10 KG) uygulamaları tarla koşullarında denenmiştir. Denemede; marul baş çapı, baş uzunluğu, baş ağırlığı, yaprak sayısı, kök uzunluğu, yaprak yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, kök boğazı çapı, suda çözünen kuru madde miktarı (SÇKM) ve bitkilerde bazı besin elementi kapsamları analiz edilmiştir. Denemede, tekli uygulamalar (KG, YG, PGPR) ile farklı dozlarda yarasa gübresi ilaveli PGPR kombinasyonları (PGPR+YG) karşılaştırıldığında; PGPR+YG kombinasyonlarının marul bitkilerinin gelişimini, verimini ve yaprak besin elementi içeriklerini artırmıştır. Yapılan ölçümlere göre; Kontrol, PGPR+25kg/daYG+7/10KG, PGPR+50kg/da YG+7/10KG ve sadece PGPR kombinasyonu önerilen gübre dozu (KG)’den daha düşük değer alırken, PGPR+100kg/daYG+7/10KG ve PGPR+1500kg/da YG+7/10KG kombinasyonları yüksek değerler almışlardır. Verim unsurlarına etkisi bakımından en yüksek değerleri aynı önem seviyesinde olan PGPR+100kg/da YG+7/10 KG, PGPR+150kg/da YG+7/10 KG uygulamaları almış olup kontrol uygulamasına göre, bitki baş boyunda; %40.1, bitki baş çapında; %27.7, bitki kök boğazı çapında; 19.6, baş ağırlığında %82.2, kök uzunluğunda; %60.1, yaprak sayısında; 24.7,yaprak yaş ağırlığında; %21.6 yaprak kuru ağırlığında; %19.1 oranında göre artış sağlamıştır.

Keywords

Gübreleme yönetimi, marul, bitki büyümesi, PGPR, yarasa gübresi

Effects of rhizobacteria (PGPR) and bat guano applications on yield and yield components in lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) in increasing the effectiveness of chemical fertilizers

Abstract

For high efficiency in lettuce cultivation, producers apply more chemical fertilizers than necessary. This understanding brings with it a number of food and environmental problems. In the study, which was carried out with four replications according to the randomized block trial design, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), increasing doses of Bat Fertilizer (YG) and 30% reduced chemical fertilizer (7/10 KG) applications were tested under field conditions in order to increase the yield and quality of lettuce. In the study; Plant head height, head diameter, root collar diameter, leaf fresh and dry weight, root length, number of leaves, head weight, amount of water-soluble dry matter and some plant nutritional element contents were measured. In the study, when single YG,PGPR applications were compared with the combination of PGPR-added bat guano; It has been determined that PGPR+YG applications are more effective in increasing the yield, development and nutrient content of lettuce plants. According to the measurements made; While the combination of control, PGPR+25 kg/da YG+7/10 KG and only PGPR alone received lower values than the recommended fertilizer dose (KG), PGPR+50kg/da YG+7/10KG, PGPR+100kg/da YG+7/ 10KG, and PGPR+150kg/da YG+7/10KG combinations received high values. PGPR+100kg/da YG+7/10 KG, PGPR+150kg/da YG+7/10 KG applications, which are at the same level of importance, had the highest values in terms of their impact on yield elements. According to the control application, at plant head height; 30.7%, plant head diameter; 21.2% plant root collar diameter; 19.6, 49% in head weight, root length; 60.1%, number of leaves; 24.7% in leaf fresh weight; 21.6% in leaf dry weight; It increased by 19.1%.

Keywords

fertilization management, lettuce,, plant growht, PGPR, bat guano

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