Ağır metal içeren topraklarda kompost kullanımının ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) verimi ve bazı toprak enzim aktivitesine etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 369 - 382, 16.06.2025

Zemzem Firat , Suat Cun , Emrah Ramazanoglu

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1658095

Abstract

Ağır metal birikimi topraklarda çevresel kirliliğe yol açmakta, toprak mikrobiyotasını olumsuz etkilemekte, bitki büyümesini ve gelişimini sınırlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yüksek ağır metal içeriğine sahip toprak koşullarında ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) büyümesi ve toprak enzim aktiviteleri üzerine farklı kompost dozlarının (0, %1.5, %3 ve %4.5) etkileri incelenmiştir. Deneme, üç tekerrürlü olarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve morfolojik bitki özellikleri (bitki boyu, boğum sayısı, kök uzunluğu, yaş ve kuru ağırlıklar) ile toprak enzim aktiviteleri (katalaz, üreaz, dehidrogenaz) analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, kompost uygulamalarının hem bitki büyümesini hem de toprak enzim aktivitelerini önemli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermiştir. %1.5 kompost dozu, bitki boyu, kök uzunluğu ve yaş ile kuru ağırlıklar için en iyi sonuçları verirken, kök uzunluğu, boğum sayısı, kök ağırlıkları ve katalaz ile dehidrogenaz enzim aktiviteleri %4.5 kompost dozunda en yüksek seviyelere ulaşmıştır. Bu bulgular, kompostun ağır metal ile kirlenmiş topraklarda bitki büyümesini artırabileceğini ve toprak biyolojik aktivitelerini iyileştirebileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle %1.5 kompost dozu bitki büyümesini teşvik ederken, %4.5 dozunun toprak enzim aktivitelerini artırdığı görülmüştür.

Keywords

Kompost , Ayçiçeği , Ağır metal , Toprak enzim aktivitesi , Bitki büyümesi

Effects of compost application on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) yield and some soil enzyme activities in heavy metal-contaminated soils

Abstract

Heavy metal accumulation in soils causes environmental pollution, negatively affecting soil microbiota and limiting plant growth and development. This study investigated the effects of different compost doses (0, 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%) on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth and soil enzyme activities under high heavy metal content soil conditions. The experiment was conducted with three replications, and morphological plant characteristics (plant height, number of nodes, root length, fresh and dry weights), and soil enzyme activities (catalase, urease, dehydrogenase), were analyzed. The results showed that compost applications significantly affected plant growth and soil enzyme activities. The 1.5% compost dose yielded the best results for plant height, root length, and fresh and dry weights, whereas root length, number of nodes, root weights, and catalase and dehydrogenase enzyme activities reached their highest levels at the 4.5% compost dose. These findings suggest that compost can enhance plant growth and improve soil biological activity in heavy metal-contaminated soils. Specifically, the 1.5% compost dose promoted plant growth, while the 4.5% dose increased soil enzyme activities.

Keywords

Compost , Sunflower , Heavy metal , Soil enzyme activity , Plant growth

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