Effect of manganese applications on growth and physiological responses of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. 'Mazamort') under different drought stress levels

Year 2025, Volume: 29 Issue: 3, 405 - 422, 24.09.2025

Sultan Dere

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1701662

Abstract

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), a widely cultivated and economically important crop, is particularly sensitive to drought stress. Recent studies have suggested that micronutrient applications, such as manganese, may play a role in mitigating the adverse effects of drought by enhancing plant stress tolerance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different manganese concentrations on the growth and physiological responses of the commercial pepper cultivar 'Mazamort' under varying levels of drought stress. The experiment was conducted under controlled climate chamber conditions with 60–65% relative humidity, 8000 lux light intensity, and a 16/8 h light/dark photoperiod at 24±1°C and 18±1°C. Plants were grown in 2-liter pots filled with a 2:1 peat-perlite mixture. Treatments included: 100% irrigation, 50% and 25% drought stress, and manganese applications at 2.5 mg L-1 and 5 mg L-1, applied alone or in combination with each drought level. Parameters measured included plant height, stem diameter, leaf and branch number, fresh and dry weights of shoot and root, water content, SPAD value, root water status, relative water content (RWC), turgor loss, and ion leakage. Drought stress significantly reduced plant growth and physiological performance. The highest plant height (73.50 cm), SPAD value (44.37), and fresh weight (49.80 g) were observed in the control or control+Mn treatments, whereas the lowest values were generally recorded in the 25% drought+2.5 or 5 mg L-1 Mn treatments. The most severe turgor loss (21%) and ion leakage (23.54%) occurred under 25% drought stress, especially when combined with Mn application, indicating increased cellular damage. RWC was highest (88.78%) in the control and lowest (76.52%) under severe drought. In conclusion, different concentrations of manganese were found to be insufficient in mitigating the adverse effects of severe drought stress on growth and physiological parameters in the Mazamort pepper cultivar.

Keywords

Pepper , Drought Stress , Manganese , Morphology , Physiology

Ethical Statement

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Supporting Institution

This work supported supported by the Siirt University, Department of Scientific Research Project Coordination (Project No: 2024-SİÜZİR-016), Türkiye.

Project Number

2024-SİÜZİR-016

Thanks

I would like to thank Siirt University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department for their support.

Farklı kuraklık stresi seviyeleri altında biber (Capsicum annuum L. 'Mazamort') bitkisinde mangan uygulamalarının gelişim ve fizyolojik tepkiler üzerine etkisi

Abstract

Biber (Capsicum annuum L.), geniş çapta yetiştirilen ve ekonomik açıdan önemli bir tarım ürünüdür; ancak kuraklık stresine karşı özellikle hassastır. Son çalışmalar, mangan gibi mikro besin elementlerinin uygulanmasının, bitki stres toleransını artırarak kuraklığın olumsuz etkilerini hafifletmede rol oynayabileceğini önermektedir. Bu çalışma, ticari 'Mazamort' biber çeşidinde farklı mangan konsantrasyonlarının, değişen düzeylerde kuraklık stresi altında bitki gelişimi ve fizyolojik tepkileri üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Deneme, %60– 65 bağıl nem, 8000 lüks ışık şiddeti ve 16/8 saat ışık/karanlık fotoperiyodu ile 24±1°C gündüz ve 18±1°C gece sıcaklığında kontrollü iklim odasında yürütülmüştür. Bitkiler 2:1 oranında torf-perlit karışımı ile doldurulmuş 2 litrelik saksılarda yetiştirilmiştir. Uygulamalar; %100 sulama (kontrol), %50 ve %25 kuraklık stresi ile 2.5 mg L⁻¹ ve 5 mg L⁻¹ mangan dozları olup, bu dozlar kuraklık seviyeleriyle birlikte veya ayrı ayrı uygulanmıştır. Ölçülen parametreler arasında bitki boyu, gövde çapı, yaprak ve dal sayısı, sürgün ve kök yaş ve kuru ağırlıkları, su içeriği, SPAD değeri, kök su durumu, bağıl su içeriği (RWC), turgor kaybı ve iyon sızıntısı yer almıştır. Kuraklık stresi, bitki gelişimini ve fizyolojik performansı önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. En yüksek bitki boyu (73.50 cm), SPAD değeri (44.37) ve yaş ağırlık (49.80 g), kontrol veya kontrol+Mn uygulamalarında gözlenmiş; en düşük değerler ise genellikle %25 kuraklık+2.5 veya 5 mg L⁻¹ Mn uygulamalarında kaydedilmiştir. En yüksek turgor kaybı (%21) ve iyon sızıntısı (%23.54) %25 kuraklık+Mn uygulamalarında meydana gelmiş olup, bu durum hücresel düzeyde hasarın arttığını göstermektedir. En yüksek bağıl su içeriği (%88.78) kontrol grubunda, en düşük ise (%76.52) şiddetli kuraklıkta tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, farklı konsantrasyonlarda mangan uygulamaları, Mazamort biber çeşidinde şiddetli kuraklık stresinin büyüme ve fizyolojik parametreler üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada yetersiz bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Biber , Kuraklık Stresi , Manganez , Morfoloji , Fizyoloji

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik kurul izni alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Supporting Institution

Siirt Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Daire Başkanlığı

Project Number

2024-SİÜZİR-016

Thanks

Siirt Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Daire Başkanlığı'na desteğinden dolayı teşekkür ederim.

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