Program Dışı Etkinliklerin Öğrenci Gelişimine Etkisi

Öz

Program dışı etkinliklerin; öğrencilerin akademik başarısını desteklediği, onların toplumsal ve kişisel gelişimlerine katkı sağladığı, okula ve okulun çevresine uyumlarını kolaylaştırdığı, akran ilişkilerini geliştirdiği, kendi ilgi ve yeteneklerinin farkına varmalarını sağladığı ve problem davranışlarını azalttığı düşünülmektedir. Bu sebeple bu kavram hem ülkemizde hem de dünyada popülaritesini ve önemini giderek arttıran bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Program dışı etkinliklerin öğrencilerin akademik, sosyal, duygusal ve kişisel anlamda çok yönlü gelişimlerine katkılarını incelemeyi amaçlayan bu makale sistematik olmayan bir derleme olarak desenlenmiştir. Literatürdeki deneysel çalışmalara özel önem verilerek program dışı etkinliklerin öğrenci gelişimine etkisinin incelendiği 25 çalışmanın sonuçları derlenmiştir. Bu derleme ile program dışı etkinlik uygulamalarının öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını, kişilerarası ilişkilerini, uyum sağlama kapasitelerini, öğrenme becerilerini olumlu yönde etkilediği öte yandan bu olumlu etkilerin sağlanabilmesi adına öğrenci özellikleri ve zaman yönetiminin dikkate alınması gerektiği, etkinliklere katılma noktasında; ülkeler, okullar ve bireyler arasında fırsat ve imkân eşitsizliği yaşandığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmış olup bu sonuçlar ışığında bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Program dışı etkinlikler
• Ders dışı etkinlikler
• Müfredat dışı etkinlikler
• Akademik başarı
• Öğrenci gelişimi

The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Student Development

Abstract

It is thought that extracurricular activities support the academic success of students, contributes to their social and personal development, facilitates their adaptation to the school and the school environment, improves peer relations, makes them aware of their own interests and abilities, and reduces problem behaviors. For this reason, this concept emerges as a concept that is increasing its popularity and importance both in our country and in the world. This article, which aims to examine the contributions of extra-curricular activities to the multifaceted academic, social, emotional and personal development of students, is designed as a non-systematic review. The results of 25 studies in which the effect of extra-curricular activities on student development was examined by paying special attention to experimental studies in the literature were compiled. With this review, it is stated that extracurricular activities affect students' academic success, interpersonal relationships, their capacity to adapt, on the other hand, in order to ensure these positive effects, it has been concluded that student characteristics and time management should be taken into account, that there is an inequality of opportunities and opportunities between countries, schools and individuals at the point of participating in activities, and some suggestions have been presented in the light of these results.

Keywords

• Extracurricular activities
• academic achievement
• studenr development

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