Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Kaşıntının Varlığı ile Uyku ve Anksiyete Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 66 - 78, 31.05.2020

İlknur Özkan , Seçil Taylan

https://doi.org/10.47565/ndthdt.2020.8

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hemodiyaliz hastalarının yaşadığı kaşıntıyı çok
boyutlu değerlendirmek ve kaşıntının, uyku ile anksiyete arasındaki ilişkisini
incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan bu çalışma, Ocak- Mart 2020
tarihleri arasında Akdeniz bölgesinde iki devlet hastanesinin diyaliz merkezinde
gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan 114 hasta dahil edildi.
Çalışmanın verileri, Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, 5 D Kaşıntı ölçeği, Richard-Campbell
Uyku Ölçeği, Spielberg Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılarak elde edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmada hastaların yarısına yakınının ciddi ve orta derecede kaşıntı
yaşadığı belirlendi. Hastaların 5 D kaşıntı ölçeğinden toplam 12.44 ± 7.11 (orta
şiddette); sürekli kaygı ölçeğinden toplam 49.54±13,03; Richard-Campbell Uyku
Ölçeğinden toplam 50.44±27.71 puan aldıkları saptandı. Hastaların % 41.2’sinin
çok kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olduğu belirlendi. Kaşıntı ve uyku arasında orta
derecede (p=.000; r=-.679); kaşıntı ve anksiyete arasında yüksek derede (p=.000;
r=.706) korelasyonel bir ilişki bulundu. Yapılan lineer regresyonda kaşıntı hem
anksiyetenin hem de uykunun belirleyicisi olarak saptandı.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada hemodiyaliz hastalarının yarısına yakınının orta ve şiddetli
derecede kaşıntı yaşadığı ve günlük yaşamlarının önemli derecede etkilendiği
belirlendi. Çalışmanın diğer önemli bir sonucu da kaşıntı ile uyku kalitesi ve
anksiyete arasındaki ilişkinin varlığıdır. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak hemodiyaliz
hastalarında etkin semptom yönetiminin sağlanması için kaşıntı semptomlarının
diyaliz hemşireleri tarafından çok boyutlu değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Kaşıntı semptomlarının hemodiyaliz hastalarında çok boyutlu değerlendirilmesi
ile uyku, anksiyete ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesini
sağlayarak hastaların morbiditesini azaltacağı ve yaşam kalitesini artıracağı
öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemodiyaliz, Kaşıntı, Anksiyete, Uyku Kalitesi

Investigation of the Relationship Between Pruritus and Sleep and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the itching experienced by
hemodialysis patients in multiple dimensions and to examine the relationship
between itching and sleep and anxiety.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted in the dialysis center of two state
hospitals in the Mediterranean region between January-March 2020. 114 patients
who underwent hemodialysis session were included in the study. The data of the
study were obtained by using the Introductory Information Form, 5 D Itch scale,
Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale (R-CUS), Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Scale.
Results: In the study, it was determined that almost half of the patients
experienced severe and moderate itching. The total mean score of the patients on
the 5D itch scale was 12.44 ± 7.11 (moderate); 49.54 ± 13.03 from the trait
anxiety scale; It was determined that they got 50.44 ± 27.71 points from the
Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale. It was determined that 41.2% of the patients had
very bad sleep. Moderate between itching and sleep (p = .000; r = -. 679);
Correlation was found between itching and anxiety at high level (p = .000; r = -.
706). In the linear regression, itching was determined as a determinant of both
anxiety and sleep.
Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that almost half of hemodialysis
patients experienced moderate and severe itching and their daily lives were
significantly affected. Another important result of the study was the relationship
between itching and sleep quality and anxiety. Based on these results, it is
recommended that the itching symptoms are evaluated multi-dimensionally by the
dialysis nurses to ensure effective symptom management in hemodialysis patients.
Multidimensional evaluation of itching symptoms in hemodialysis patients is
thought to decrease the morbidity and increase the quality of life by enabling the
determination of the effect on sleep, anxiety and quality of life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hemodialysis, Itching, Anxiety, Sleep Qality

Kaynakça

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