Interlinear
Qur'an translations written in Old Anatolian Turkish period are rich sources of
data in terms of Turkish vocabulary. The main purpose of this translation is to
enable the people who do not speak Arabic to read and understand the Qur'an in
their own languages. For
this reason, translators have been careful about language in translations.
These translations which are created in the form of “word for word translation”
under the lines are important in terms of language characteristics of the
period in which they were written. The translations also have different
importance in terms of showing the expression power of the Turkic against
Arabic. In this study, the words constituting Esmâ-i Hüsnâ (most beautiful
names of Allah ) were studied in the translations of the old Anatolian Turkish.
In addition to similar studies on this subject, the places of the Esmâ-Hüsnâ
mentioned in the Qur'an have been examined and the different equivalents of the
same Esmâ-i Hüsnâ in the Turkish were also identified. The expressions
corresponding to Esmâ-i Hüsnâ are classified in terms of structure. As a result
of classification, it’s seen that participle and participle groups were mostly
preferred in Esmâ-i Hüsnâ Turkish expression. These words, which are the method
of Turkish language translate method, are the equivalent of the names of the
Allah, who are important in terms of meaning in Old Anatolian Turkish period. In
the Turkish translations of the Qur'an, it can be seen clearly how is
corresponded the need for words in the language with Turkish words; how the
Turkish language acts in syntax and the derivation of words. It is
hoped that such studies will contribute to today’s Turkish vocabulary and
dictionary studies.
Summary
Interlinear
Qur'an translations written in Old Anatolian Turkish period are rich sources of
data in terms of Turkish vocabulary. The main purpose of this translation is to
enable the people who do not speak Arabic to read and understand the Qur'an in
their own languages. For this reason, translators have been careful about
language in translations. These translations which are created in the form of
“word for word translation” under the lines are important in terms of language
characteristics of the period in which they were written. The translations also
have different importance in terms of showing the expression power of the
Turkic against Arabic. In this study, the words constituting Esmâ-i Hüsnâ (most
beautiful names of Allah ) were studied in the translations of the old
Anatolian Turkish. In addition to similar studies on this subject, the places
of the Esmâ-Hüsnâ mentioned in the Qur'an have been examined and the different
equivalents of the same Esmâ-i Hüsnâ in the Turkish were also identified. The
expressions corresponding to Esmâ-i Hüsnâ are classified in terms of structure.
As a result of classification, it’s seen that participle and participle groups
were mostly preferred in Esmâ-i Hüsnâ Turkish expression. These words, which
are the method of Turkish language translate method, are the equivalent of the
names of the Allah, who are important in terms of meaning in Old Anatolian
Turkish period. In the Turkish translations of the Qur'an, it can be seen
clearly how is corresponded the need for words in the language with Turkish
words; how the Turkish language acts in syntax and the derivation of words. It
is hoped that such studies will contribute to today’s Turkish vocabulary and
dictionary studies.
Examples
ʻAFUV → Afv eyleyici/idici “All-Forgiving” KT 1-2 58/2.
ʻAZÎM → Ulu “The
supreme” KT 1-2
2/255.
ALLAH → Allāh ”God/Lord”
KT 2 10/3 Taŋrı “God/Lord”
KT1 10/3.
BASÎR → Görici “The all seeing” KT1- 2
2/110, Görür “The All
Seeing” KT1 22/61.
BĀTIN → Gizlü “The hidden one” KT 1-2
57/3.
EHAD →
Bir “The
One” KT 1-2 112/1.
ĠĀLİB → Gālib “The Victorious” KT 1-2 12/21.
HĀDÎ → Yol gösterici “The guiding”
KT 1 22/54.
EKREM → Gey keremlü “One who most bountiful” KT 1
96/3, Kerîm Tanrı “Generous God” KT 2 96/3
In this study,
the word or word groups used correspond to Esmâ-i Hüsnâ (most beautiful names
of Allah) were compiled from two different sub-Qur'an translations made in the
Old Anatolian Turkish period. These translations: (KT1) Muhammad bin
Hamza's XV. the translation of the
Qur'an from the beginning of the 20th century; (KT2) Anonymous Translation Of
The Quran. Esmā-i Hüsnā is a concept used in the Qur'an to represent the names
of Allah. Although there are several opinions about the number, there is a
general assumption that 99. In
this study, the words that in return for Esmā-i Hüsnā from the translations of
the Qur'an are discussed in 100 headings. İn the Qur'an translations studied, Esmâ-i
Hüsnâs are expressed both in a single word form and in a group of words.
Sometimes the translation of the same Esmâ-i Hüsnâ from Arabic to Turkish is translated
with different words. For example: GAFÛR (absolver): Afv idici, Günāhlar bağışlayıcı, Yazuḳ yarlıgayıcı, Yarlıgayıcı. This situation is due to the depth of
meaning of the Esmâ-i Hüsnâ.
Although they
have different meanings, the translatore prefer to use the same word for some
Esmâ-i Hüsnâs: For example: In return
for the name ʻALİ, MÜTEʻAL and REFİʻ the word Yüce “supreme" was used.
In return for the name ʻALİM, HABİR and MUHİT the word Bilici “knower” was used.
ʻALİ “The Highest”, MÜTEʻAL “The Supreme One”, REFİʻ “He who raises up” ʻALİM “The one who has knowledge
of the inner” HABİR “The one who knows everything”, MUHİT “The one who with
knowledge and power that surrounds everything”
It is observed that the participle and participle groups,
noun construction, adjectival construction; and abbreviation groubs have an
intensive use in the translation of Esmâ-i
Hüsnâs to Turkish. When evaluated in terms of the vocabulary of Turkish,
the words used for Esmâ-i Hüsnâ contain characteristics that will provide data
to contemporary dictionary studies. Religious expressions are the expressions
that develop and mature over time in terms of perception, thinking and
perception.
Old Anatolian Turkish Translations of Qur’an Most beautiful names of God Vocabulary Word groups
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 30, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 18 Issue: 36 |