Translation
BibTex RIS Cite

Man’s Hollow Core: Ethics and Aesthetics in Ḥadīth Literature and Classical Arabic Adab

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 509 - 546, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.674885

Abstract

Abstract
Classical Arabic Ḥadīth literature is largely composed of micro-narratives recording the sayings and deeds of the Prophet Muḥammad. This study seeks to examine their literary form by focusing on selected examples listed in the canonical Ḥadīth compendia under the heading of adab, a term which may be rendered here as “practical ethics” but which is also commonly used to designate classical Arabic belles-lettres. While the latter is a type of literature quite distinct from the literature of Ḥadīth the texts here studied point to a certain interface between them. The ethical dimension of adab as it appears in Ḥadīth is examined further in the light of Hayden White's theory on the relation between narrativity and law. Contrasting the micro-narrative of Ḥadīth with the “macro-narrative” of the epic provides further insight into its approach to adab and serves to highlight its distinct literary and religious aesthetic.



References

  • Allen, Roger. The Arabic Literary Heritage: The Development of Its Genres and Literary Traditions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
  • Allen, Roger. “The Beginnings of the Arabic Novel”. Mustafa M. Badawi (ed.). The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: Modern Arabic Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Aristo. Poetics. Çev. W. Hamilton Fyfe. (Loeb Classical Library.) London: Heinemann, 1973 (reprint of 1932 edition).
  • Bakhtin, Mikhail M. The Dialogic Imagination. ed. Michael Holquist, Trc. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981.
  • Bray, Julia. “ʽAbbasid myth and the human act: Ibn ʽAbd Rabbih and others”. Philip F. Kennedy (ed.). On Fiction and Adab in Medieval Arabic Literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005.
  • Bray, Julia (ed.). Writing and Representation in Medieval Islam. London and New York: Routledge, 2006.
  • Burton, John. An Introduction to Ḥadīth. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1994.
  • El-Câhız, Ebû Osman ‘Amr b. Bahr. Kitâbü’l-beyân ve’t-tebyîn. thk. Abdüsselam Muhammed Harun. Kahire: Mektebetü’l-hancî. 1985.
  • El Calamawy, Sahair. “Narrative elements in Ḥadīth literature”. A.F.L. Beeston, T.M. Johnstone, R.B. Serjeant ve G.R. Smith (ed.), The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
  • Cooper, David (ed.). A Companion to Aesthetics. Oxford: Blackwell, 1992.
  • Ebû Dâvûd es-Sicistânî. Kitâbü’s-sünen, thk. İzzet ed-Daʽâs. Hıms: Dâru’l-hadis, 1969-1974.
  • Eliot, T.S. The Complete Poems and Plays. London: Faber & Faber, 1969.
  • Genette, Gérard. “Boundaries of Narrative”. New Literary History 8/1 (1976): 1-12.
  • Halliwell, Stephen. Aristotle’s Poetics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
  • Heath, Peter. “Knowledge”. Maria R. Menocal, Raymond P. Scheindlin ve Michael Sells (ed). The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: The Literature of al-Andalus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
  • Homer. The Iliad of Homer. Çev. Ennis Rees. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
  • Horst, Heribert. “Die Entstehung der Adab-Literatur und ihre Arten”. Helmut Gätje (ed.). Grundriss der Arabischen Philologie. Vol. 2. Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert, 1987.
  • Huneyn b. İshâk. Âdâbü’l-felâsife. thk. Abdurrahman Bedevî. Kuveyt: Ma‘hedü’l-mahtûtâti’l-arabiyye, 1985.
  • İbn ‘Abdi Rabbih, Ahmed b. Muhammed. El-‘İḳdü’l-ferîd. thk. Müfîd Muhammed Kumeyha. Beyrut: Dâru’l-kütübi’l-ilmiyye. 1983
  • İbn Hacer el-Askalânî. Fetḥu’l-bârî bi-şerḥi Ṣaḥîḥi’l-Buḫârî. Beyrut: Dâru İhyâi’t-türâsi’l-arabî, 1988.
  • İbn Kuteybe, Ebû Muhammed Abdullah. ‘Uyûnü’l-aḫbâr. Beyrut: Daru’l-kitâbi’l-arabî 1996 (Dâru’l-kütübi’l-mısriyye’nin 1925 edisyonunun tıpkıbasımı).
  • İbn Kuteybe, Ebu Muhammed ‘Abdullah. Edebü’l-kâtib, thk. Muhammed ed-Dâlî. Beyrut: Müessesetü’r-Risâle. 1982
  • İbn Mâce, Muhammed b. Yezîd. Kitâbü’s-sünen. thk. Muhammed Fuad Abdülbâkî. Kahire: Dâru ihyâi’l-kütübi’l-arabîyye, 1952-53.
  • Kennedy, Philip F. On Fiction and Adab in Medieval Arabic Literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005.
  • Kennedy, Philip. “The Maqāmāt As a Nexus of Interests: Reflections on Abdelfattah Kilito’s Les Séances”. Julia Bray (ed.). Writing and Representation in Medieval Islam. London and New York: Routledge, 2006.
  • Khalidi, Tarif. Arabic Historical Thought in the Classical Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
  • Kilpatrick, Hilary. “Adab”. Julie Scott Meisami ve Paul Starkey (ed), Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature. London: Routledge, 1998.
  • Kilpatrick, Hilary. Making the Great Book of Songs: Compilation and the Author's Craft in Abū’l-Faraj al-Iṣbahānī’s Kitāb al-Aghānī. London and New York: Routledge, 2003.
  • Leder, Stefan (ed.). Story-Telling in the Framework of Non- Fictional Arabic Literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1998.
  • Levey, Martin. “Medical ethics of medieval Islam with special reference to al- Ruhāwī’s ‘Practical ethics of the physician’”. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. New Series. Vol. 57/3, 1967.
  • Lyotard, Jean-François. The Postmodern Condition - A Report on Knowledge, Çev. Geoff Bonnington ve Brian Massumi. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
  • El-Mâverdî, Ali b. Muhammed. Edebü’d-dünyâ ve’d-dîn. Beyrut, 1987.
  • El-Mâverdî, Ali b. Muhammed. Edebü’l-ḳāḍî. thk. Muhyî Hilâl es-Serhân. Beyrut: Matbaatü’l-irşâd. 1971
  • Monroe, James T. The Art of Badiʽ al-Zamān al-Hamadhānī as Picaresque Narrative. Beyrut: American University, 1983.
  • Müslim b. el-Haccâc. el-Câmiʿu’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ. thk. Muhammed Fuad Abdülbâkî. Beyrut: Dâru’l-fikr, 1978.
  • En-Nevevî, Yahya b. Şeref. Riyâḍu’ṣ-ṣâliḥîn min kelâmi Seyyidi’l-Mürselîn. Kahire: Mektebetü’s-safâ, 2001.
  • En-Nevevî, Yahya b. Şeref. Şerḥu Ṣaḥîḥi Müslim. thk. Halil el-Meys. Beyrut: Dâru’l-kelâm, 1987.
  • Niall, Lucy. Postmodern Literary Theory - An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell, 1997.
  • El-Kuşeyrî, İbn Hevâzin en-Nîsâbûrî. Er-Risâletü’l-Kuşeyriyye fî ilmi’t-tasavvuf. thk. Ma‘ruf Mustafa Züreyk. Beyrut: el-Matbaatü’l-asriyye: Sayda, 2001.
  • Ricoeur, Paul. “The Time of Narrating (Erzählzeit) and Narrated Time (erzählte Zeit)”, Susan Onega ve José Angel García Landa”. Narratology - An Introduction. London: Longman, 1996.
  • Et-Tenûhî, Ebû Ali el-Muhassin. Nişvâru’l-muhâḍara ve aḫbâru’l-müẕâkere. thk. Abbûd eş-Şâlcî. Beyrut: Dâru sâdir, 1971-73.
  • Et-Tirmizî, Muhammed b. İsa. Kitâbü’l-câmiʿi’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ. thk. Abdurrahman Muhammed Osman. Beyrut: Dâru’l-fikr. 1983.
  • Et-Tirmizî, Muhammed b. İsa. Kitâbü’l-câmiʿi’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ. thk. Ahmed Muhammed Şakir. cKahire: Mustafa el-Bâbî el-Halebî, 1937-56.
  • Van Gelder, Geert Jan. “Ibn Qutayba”. Julie Scott Meisami ve Paul Starkey (ed). Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature. London: Routledge, 1998.
  • Van Gelder, Geert Jan. Of Dishes and Discourse-Classical Arabic Literary Representation of Food. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon, 2000.
  • Von Grunebaum, Gustav Edmund. “The Spirit of Islam As Shown in Its Literature”. Islam: Essays in the Growth and Nature of a Cultural Tradition. London: Routledge ve Kegan Paul, 1961.
  • White, Hayden. “The Value of Narrativity in The Representation of Reality”. Critical Inquiry 7/1 (1980): 5-27.

İnsanın Boş Özü: Hadis Literatüründe ve Klasik Arap Edebinde Etik ve Estetik

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 509 - 546, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.674885

Abstract



Klasik Arapça Hadis literatürü, büyük ölçüde Muhammed Peygamber’in söz ve eylemlerinin kayıtları olan mikro anlatılardan oluşur. Bu çalışma, muteber (canonical) Hadis külliyatında -burada “pratik ahlak” olarak karşılanabilecek ancak genellikle klasik Arapça edebî eserleri (belles-lettres) belirtmek için kullanılan bir terim olan- edeb başlığı altında sıralanan seçilmiş örnekler üzerinde yoğunlaşmak suretiyle onların edebî formlarını incelemeye çalışmaktadır. [Klasik Arapça edebî eserler], Hadis literatüründen oldukça farklı bir literatür türü olsa da burada incelenen metinler ikisi arasında belirli bir kesişim noktasına işaret etmektedir. Hadiste tezahür ettiği şekliyle edebin ahlakî boyutu, Hayden White’ın anlatısallık (narrativity) ve yasa/kural (law) arasındaki ilişki üzerine olan kuramı ışığında ayrıntılarıyla incelenmektedir. Hadisin mikro-anlatısı ile destanın (epic) makro-anlatısını karşılaştırmak, [Hadisin] edebe yaklaşımına yeni bir bakış sağlamakta ve onun ayırt edici edebî ve dinî estetiğini vurgulamaya hizmet etmektedir.



References

  • Allen, Roger. The Arabic Literary Heritage: The Development of Its Genres and Literary Traditions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
  • Allen, Roger. “The Beginnings of the Arabic Novel”. Mustafa M. Badawi (ed.). The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: Modern Arabic Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Aristo. Poetics. Çev. W. Hamilton Fyfe. (Loeb Classical Library.) London: Heinemann, 1973 (reprint of 1932 edition).
  • Bakhtin, Mikhail M. The Dialogic Imagination. ed. Michael Holquist, Trc. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981.
  • Bray, Julia. “ʽAbbasid myth and the human act: Ibn ʽAbd Rabbih and others”. Philip F. Kennedy (ed.). On Fiction and Adab in Medieval Arabic Literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005.
  • Bray, Julia (ed.). Writing and Representation in Medieval Islam. London and New York: Routledge, 2006.
  • Burton, John. An Introduction to Ḥadīth. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1994.
  • El-Câhız, Ebû Osman ‘Amr b. Bahr. Kitâbü’l-beyân ve’t-tebyîn. thk. Abdüsselam Muhammed Harun. Kahire: Mektebetü’l-hancî. 1985.
  • El Calamawy, Sahair. “Narrative elements in Ḥadīth literature”. A.F.L. Beeston, T.M. Johnstone, R.B. Serjeant ve G.R. Smith (ed.), The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
  • Cooper, David (ed.). A Companion to Aesthetics. Oxford: Blackwell, 1992.
  • Ebû Dâvûd es-Sicistânî. Kitâbü’s-sünen, thk. İzzet ed-Daʽâs. Hıms: Dâru’l-hadis, 1969-1974.
  • Eliot, T.S. The Complete Poems and Plays. London: Faber & Faber, 1969.
  • Genette, Gérard. “Boundaries of Narrative”. New Literary History 8/1 (1976): 1-12.
  • Halliwell, Stephen. Aristotle’s Poetics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
  • Heath, Peter. “Knowledge”. Maria R. Menocal, Raymond P. Scheindlin ve Michael Sells (ed). The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: The Literature of al-Andalus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
  • Homer. The Iliad of Homer. Çev. Ennis Rees. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
  • Horst, Heribert. “Die Entstehung der Adab-Literatur und ihre Arten”. Helmut Gätje (ed.). Grundriss der Arabischen Philologie. Vol. 2. Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert, 1987.
  • Huneyn b. İshâk. Âdâbü’l-felâsife. thk. Abdurrahman Bedevî. Kuveyt: Ma‘hedü’l-mahtûtâti’l-arabiyye, 1985.
  • İbn ‘Abdi Rabbih, Ahmed b. Muhammed. El-‘İḳdü’l-ferîd. thk. Müfîd Muhammed Kumeyha. Beyrut: Dâru’l-kütübi’l-ilmiyye. 1983
  • İbn Hacer el-Askalânî. Fetḥu’l-bârî bi-şerḥi Ṣaḥîḥi’l-Buḫârî. Beyrut: Dâru İhyâi’t-türâsi’l-arabî, 1988.
  • İbn Kuteybe, Ebû Muhammed Abdullah. ‘Uyûnü’l-aḫbâr. Beyrut: Daru’l-kitâbi’l-arabî 1996 (Dâru’l-kütübi’l-mısriyye’nin 1925 edisyonunun tıpkıbasımı).
  • İbn Kuteybe, Ebu Muhammed ‘Abdullah. Edebü’l-kâtib, thk. Muhammed ed-Dâlî. Beyrut: Müessesetü’r-Risâle. 1982
  • İbn Mâce, Muhammed b. Yezîd. Kitâbü’s-sünen. thk. Muhammed Fuad Abdülbâkî. Kahire: Dâru ihyâi’l-kütübi’l-arabîyye, 1952-53.
  • Kennedy, Philip F. On Fiction and Adab in Medieval Arabic Literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005.
  • Kennedy, Philip. “The Maqāmāt As a Nexus of Interests: Reflections on Abdelfattah Kilito’s Les Séances”. Julia Bray (ed.). Writing and Representation in Medieval Islam. London and New York: Routledge, 2006.
  • Khalidi, Tarif. Arabic Historical Thought in the Classical Period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
  • Kilpatrick, Hilary. “Adab”. Julie Scott Meisami ve Paul Starkey (ed), Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature. London: Routledge, 1998.
  • Kilpatrick, Hilary. Making the Great Book of Songs: Compilation and the Author's Craft in Abū’l-Faraj al-Iṣbahānī’s Kitāb al-Aghānī. London and New York: Routledge, 2003.
  • Leder, Stefan (ed.). Story-Telling in the Framework of Non- Fictional Arabic Literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1998.
  • Levey, Martin. “Medical ethics of medieval Islam with special reference to al- Ruhāwī’s ‘Practical ethics of the physician’”. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. New Series. Vol. 57/3, 1967.
  • Lyotard, Jean-François. The Postmodern Condition - A Report on Knowledge, Çev. Geoff Bonnington ve Brian Massumi. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
  • El-Mâverdî, Ali b. Muhammed. Edebü’d-dünyâ ve’d-dîn. Beyrut, 1987.
  • El-Mâverdî, Ali b. Muhammed. Edebü’l-ḳāḍî. thk. Muhyî Hilâl es-Serhân. Beyrut: Matbaatü’l-irşâd. 1971
  • Monroe, James T. The Art of Badiʽ al-Zamān al-Hamadhānī as Picaresque Narrative. Beyrut: American University, 1983.
  • Müslim b. el-Haccâc. el-Câmiʿu’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ. thk. Muhammed Fuad Abdülbâkî. Beyrut: Dâru’l-fikr, 1978.
  • En-Nevevî, Yahya b. Şeref. Riyâḍu’ṣ-ṣâliḥîn min kelâmi Seyyidi’l-Mürselîn. Kahire: Mektebetü’s-safâ, 2001.
  • En-Nevevî, Yahya b. Şeref. Şerḥu Ṣaḥîḥi Müslim. thk. Halil el-Meys. Beyrut: Dâru’l-kelâm, 1987.
  • Niall, Lucy. Postmodern Literary Theory - An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell, 1997.
  • El-Kuşeyrî, İbn Hevâzin en-Nîsâbûrî. Er-Risâletü’l-Kuşeyriyye fî ilmi’t-tasavvuf. thk. Ma‘ruf Mustafa Züreyk. Beyrut: el-Matbaatü’l-asriyye: Sayda, 2001.
  • Ricoeur, Paul. “The Time of Narrating (Erzählzeit) and Narrated Time (erzählte Zeit)”, Susan Onega ve José Angel García Landa”. Narratology - An Introduction. London: Longman, 1996.
  • Et-Tenûhî, Ebû Ali el-Muhassin. Nişvâru’l-muhâḍara ve aḫbâru’l-müẕâkere. thk. Abbûd eş-Şâlcî. Beyrut: Dâru sâdir, 1971-73.
  • Et-Tirmizî, Muhammed b. İsa. Kitâbü’l-câmiʿi’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ. thk. Abdurrahman Muhammed Osman. Beyrut: Dâru’l-fikr. 1983.
  • Et-Tirmizî, Muhammed b. İsa. Kitâbü’l-câmiʿi’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ. thk. Ahmed Muhammed Şakir. cKahire: Mustafa el-Bâbî el-Halebî, 1937-56.
  • Van Gelder, Geert Jan. “Ibn Qutayba”. Julie Scott Meisami ve Paul Starkey (ed). Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature. London: Routledge, 1998.
  • Van Gelder, Geert Jan. Of Dishes and Discourse-Classical Arabic Literary Representation of Food. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon, 2000.
  • Von Grunebaum, Gustav Edmund. “The Spirit of Islam As Shown in Its Literature”. Islam: Essays in the Growth and Nature of a Cultural Tradition. London: Routledge ve Kegan Paul, 1961.
  • White, Hayden. “The Value of Narrativity in The Representation of Reality”. Critical Inquiry 7/1 (1980): 5-27.
There are 47 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Stefan Sperl This is me

Translators

Suat Koca

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 19 Issue: 1

Cite

ISNAD Sperl, Stefan. “İnsanın Boş Özü: Hadis Literatüründe Ve Klasik Arap Edebinde Etik Ve Estetik”. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi. Suat KocaTrans 19/1 (June 2020), 509-546. https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.674885.

Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

88x31.png

Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University

Hitit Üniversity Divinity Faculty 

Mimar Sinan Mah. 3. Cad. 19100 ÇORUM

Tel: 0090 (364) 234 63 58 Faks: 0 (364) 2346357