EVALUATION OF THE OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL EFFICIENCY OF THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES’ BIG SCALE FLAG CARRIER AIRLINES USING DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

Öz

Civil Aviation Industry has entered into a great development trend, especially since the 1978 deregulation period. Strategies implemented by airlines are of great importance in this development trend. Although airline partnerships cause airlines to lose their brand values, more successes are achieved under operational and financial criteria. For this reason, airline partnerships have been a strategy used by both large and small scale airlines in European aviation for the last 10 years. When it is examined the 10 biggest airlines of Europe excluding low-cost carriers, it is seen that only Turkish Airlines have not in a partnership. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of partnerships established on the airlines' operational and financial efficiency. While the number of revenue passengers and the total number of landings are operational inputs, the available seat kilometer and revenue passenger kilometer are financial outputs. While the results obtained from these data help to determine how efficient the biggest airlines in Europe are, on the other hand, it expresses how important it is in its different criteria.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Revenue Passenger,
• Number of Landing,
• Available Seat Kilometer,
• Revenue Passenger Kilometer,
• Data Envelopment Analysis,

AVRUPA ÜLKELERİNİN BÜYÜK ÖLÇEKLİ BAYRAK TAŞIYICI HAVAYOLLARININ OPERASYONEL VE FİNANSAL VERİMLİLİĞİNİN VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Sivil Havacılık Endüstrisi özellikle 1978 deregülasyon döneminden itibaren büyük bir gelişim trendi içerisine girdi. Bu gelişim trendi içerisinde havayollarının uyguladığı stratejiler büyük önem ifade etmektedir. Özellikle havayolu ortaklıkları havayollarının marka değerlerini yitirmelerine neden olsa da operasyonel ve finansal kıstaslar altında daha başarılar sonuçlar elde edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu nedenle havayolu ortaklıkları özellikle son 10 yıldır Avrupa Havacılığında hem büyük hem küçük ölçekli havayollarının faydalandığı bir strateji olmuştur. Düşük maliyetli taşıyıcılar hariç Avrupa’nın en büyük 10 havayolunu incelediğimiz zaman sadece Türk Hava Yolları’nın bir ortaklık içerisinde yer almadığını görmekteyiz. Bu çalışmada amaç, kurulan ortaklıkların havayollarının operasyonel ve finansal verimliliklerine etkisini analiz etmektir. Toplam gelir getiren yolcu sayısı ve toplam iniş sayısı operasyonel girdileri oluştururken, arz edilen toplam kilometre ve yolcu başına gelir kilometre ise finansal çıktıları oluşturmaktadır. Bu veriler neticesinde çıkan sonuçlar Avrupa’nın en büyük havayollarının hangi ölçüde verimli olduğunu saptamamıza yardımcı olurken, bir yandan farklı ölçütlerinde ne denli önemli olduğunu ifade etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gelir Getiren Yolcu Sayısı,
• Toplam İniş Sayısı,
• Arz Edilen Toplam Kilometre,
• Yolcu Başına Gelir Kilometre,
• Veri Zarflama Analizi,

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