SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI ARASINDA COVID-19 AŞILAMA TEREDDÜDÜNÜN ÖLÇÜMLENMESİ

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 61 - 86, 04.05.2023

Zakir Tekin , İstem Köymen Keser

https://doi.org/10.54409/hod.1275787

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19’a karşı etkili bir aşı geliştirilmesi en çok beklenen çözüm iken pandemiden en çok etkilenen grup olan sağlık çalışanlarında bile aşılar geliştirildikten sonra ortaya çıkan yüksek aşı tereddüt düzeyleri ileride görülebilecek pandemilerin doğru yönetimi için acil incelenmesi gereken bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık çalışanlarının aşı tereddüt düzeyleri ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 295 katılımcıyla 02.10.2022-15.10.2022 tarihleri arasında çevrimiçi olarak 43 soruluk bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anket, katılımcıların aşı ve aşılamayla ilgili bilgi seviyelerini, aşılama hakkındaki tereddüt düzeylerini ve bu tereddüt düzeyleri üzerinde etkili olması beklenen demografik özellikleri, aşı ve aşılama süreçleriyle ilgili likert ölçeğine dayalı ifadeleri içermektedir. Anketler ilk aşılama sürecinin üzerinden bir yıldan fazla geçmiş olduktan sonra uygulandığından sorular varsayımsal değildir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %89,2’si aşı olmuştur. Aşı olanların %69,96’sı aşı tereddütlerini 0 ile 10 (0= hiç tereddüt yaşamayanlar, 10= yüksek tereddüt yaşayanlar) arasında gösterilen skalada 3’ün üzerinde, %35,74’ü ise 8 ve üzeri işaretlemişlerdir. Evlilerin tereddüt düzeylerinin bekarlardan daha yüksek olduğu ve erkeklerin aşı yaptırmama durumunun kadınların 1,94 katı olduğu söylenebilir. Bununla birlikte katılımcılarımız sağlık çalışanı olmasına rağmen aşılamayla ilgili bilgi sorularında 5 sorudan %63,7’sinin 3’ten az doğru cevap verdiği görülmektedir. Bu da aşılama konusunda doğru bilgilendirme yapılamadığının bir göstergesidir.
Sonuç: Katılımcıların çoğu aşı güvenirliği, etkinliği ve yararları konusunda kararsız olduklarını bildirmiştir. Aşının kısa ve uzun dönemli yan etkilerinden çekinme ise ön planda çıkmıştır. Tereddüt düzeyleri ve aşı kabul oranları ile bilgi seviyesinin arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde düşük bilgi seviyesine sahip katılımcıların yüksek tereddüt seviyesine ve düşük aşılama oranlarına sahip olduğu görülmektedir.

Keywords

COVID-19, Acil Sağlık Çalışanları, Aşı Tereddüdü, Afet

MEASURING COVID-19 VACCINE HESITANCY AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS

Abstract

Objective: While an effective vaccine against COVID-19 is the most anticipated solution, there are high levels of vaccine hesitancy that occurs even in healthcare workers, who are the group most affected by the pandemic. This has become an issue that needs to be examined urgently for the correct management of future pandemics. The aim of this study is to determine the vaccine hesitancy levels of healthcare workers and related factors.
Materials and Methods: An online survey consisting of 43 questions was conducted between October 2, 2022, and October 15, 2022, with the participation of 295 respondents. The questionnaire includes the participants' knowledge levels about vaccine and vaccination, their level of hesitation about vaccination, and demographic characteristics that are expected to be effective on these hesitancy levels, as well as statements based on a Likert scale about vaccine and vaccination processes. The questions are not hypothetical as the questionnaires are administered more than a year after the initial vaccination process.
Results: 89.2% of the participants were vaccinated. 69.96% of those vaccinated; vaccine hesitations were marked above 3 on the scale between 0 and 10 (0= have no hesitation, 10=high hesitancy), and 35.74% marked 8 and above. It can be said that the hesitancy level of married people is higher than that of single people, and the rate of unvaccinated men is 1.94 times that of women. Although our participants were healthcare workers, it was seen that 63.7% of 5 questions answered less than 3 correct answers in information questions about vaccination. This is the biggest indicator of the lack of accurate information on vaccination.
Conclusion: Most of the participants reported that they were undecided about the safety, efficacy and benefits of the vaccine. Avoidance of short-term and long-term side effects of the vaccine has come to the fore. When the relations between the level of hesitation and vaccine acceptance rates with the level of knowledge are examined, it is seen that the participants with low level of knowledge have high level of hesitation and low vaccination rates.

Keywords

COVID-19, Emergency Healthcare Workers, Vaccine Hesitancy, Disaster

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