Determination of protein levels and amıno acid composition of bee pollen collected from different geographical regions of Turkey

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 15 - 20, 30.04.2023

Aysel Türe , Cevat Nisbet , Esra Koçak

https://doi.org/10.30704/http-www-jivs-net.1171929

Abstract

In this study, determination of the amino acid profile of bee pollen produced in different parts of Turkey and performed to determine the protein level. The research was carried out with a total of 90 specimens from East-Southeast Anatolia, Central Anatolia, Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean. According to the analysis results, alanine (143,40 ± 0,0) in bee pollen on mg / g basis, arginine (34,45 ± 0.0), histidine (32,55 ± 0.09), isoleucine (20,94 ± 1,24), leucine (23, 75 ± 1.27), lysine (31.15 ± 0.43), methionine (39.10 ± 1.32), phenylalanine (20.09 ± 0.95), proline (309.05 ± 28.56) and valine (15.79 ± 0.88) amino acids were detected. According to the analysis results, protein level of bee pollen in mg / g basis in Black Sea region (127,27 ± 0.31), Marmara region (117,56 ± 0.31), Mediterranean region (115,66 ± 0.31), Central Anatolia (115,09 ± 0.31), Aegean region (110,06 ± 0.31) and East-South East Anatolia (124,9 ± 0.31). The differences between the regions were found in Protein and amino acid levels (P <0.01). This study is thought to be the source of amino acid quality and protein level of Turkish bee pollen.

Keywords

amino acid, apiterapy, bee polen, Functional food, protein

Project Number

PYO.VET.1904.16.018

References

• Baydar H and Gurel F. The Pollen Collection Activity and Preference of Honey bees (Apismellifera) in the Natural Habitat of Antalya and Some Morphological and Quality Properties of Differen Pollen Types (1998): Tr. J. of Agriculture and Forestry, 22, 475–482
• Cherbuliez T. Apitherapy the use of honeybee products in biotherapy history, principles and practices M. Grassberger (2013): Springer, London, UK, 1stedition.
• Cook S.M., Awmack C., MurrayD.A. and Willams H.I. Are honey bee’s for aging preferences affected by polen amino acid composition Ecological Entomology (2003): 28, 622-627.
• Denisow B,Wrzesien M. The habitat effect on the diversity of pollen resources in several campanula spp. an implication for pollinator conservation (2015): Journal of Apicultural Research, 4(1), 62-71
• Deniz, A. K. E. R., & Nisbet, C. (2020). Antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of honey collected from different botanical origins. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 67(2), 133-136.
• Freas X, Vazquez-Tato MP, Estevinho L, Seijas JA, Iglesias A. Organic bee pollen botanical origin nutritional value bioactive compounds antioxidant activity and microbiological quality (2012): Molecules, 17, 835-837
• Garcia, M., Perez-arquillue, C., Juan, T., Juan, M.I. ve Herrera, A.Pollen analysis and antibacterial activity of spanish honeys (2001): Food Science and Technology International,7,155-158.
• Gerigelmez, A.Y. Miyeloid kanser hücre serilerinde polen ekstraktlarının kaspaz3aktivitesi üzerine etkileri (2003), Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Trabzon,18-23
• Gonzalez PAM, Bareza J.A.G., Marcosa C.C., Villanova R. J. G., Sanchez J.S. HPLCfluorimetric method for analysis of amino acids in products of the hive (honey and bee-pollen). Food Chemistry; 95: 148–156.2006
• Hoffman G, Gage SL, Corby-Harris V, Carroll M, Chambers M, Graham H, Watkins deJong E, Hidalgo G, Calle S, Azzouz-Olden F, Meador C, Snyder L, Ziolkowski N. Connecting the nutrient composition of seasonal pollens with changing nutritional needs of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies.J Insect Physiol. 2018 Aug - Sep;109:114-124. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2018.07.002. Epub 2018 Jul 7.
• Ketkar SS, Rathore A.Ş., Lohidasan S, Rao L, Paradkar AR, Mahadik KR. Investigation of the nutraceutical potential of monofloral Indian mustard bee pollen.J. Integr Med . 2014; 12 (4): 379-89.
• LeBlanc B. W., Davis O. K., Boue S., DeLucca A. ve Deeby, T.Antioxidant activity of sonoran desert bee polen (2009): Food Chemistry, 115-4,1299-1305.
• Lu T-S, Yiao S-Y, Lim K, Jensen RV, Hsiao L-L. Interpretation of biologicalandmechanicalvariationsbetweentheLowryversus Bradford methodfor protein Margaoan R, Marghitas L, Dezmirean DS, Bobis O, Mihai CM. Physical-chemical composition of fresh bee pollen from transylvania (2012): Bulletin UASVM Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 69(12), 351-355.
• Morais M, Moreira L, Feas X, Estevinho L M. Honey bee Collected Pollen from Five Portuguese Natural Parks: Palynological Origin, Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activity (2011): Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49(5), 1096-1101.
• Morgano, M. A., Martins, M. C. T., Rabonato, L. C., Milani, R. F., Yotsuyanagi, K., & Rodriguez-Amaya, D. B. (2012). A comprehensive investigation of the mineral composition of Brazilian bee pollen: geographic and seasonal variations and contribution to human diet. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 23, 727-736.
• Nicolson S.W., Human H. Chemical Composition of The ‘Low Quality’ Pollen Of Sunflower (2013): Apidologie, 44, 144-152.
• Nisbet C, Güler A, Ciftci G, Yarım GF. The investigation of protein prophile of different botanic origin honey and density saccharose adulterated honey by SDSPAGE method (2009): Kafkas Üniv. Vet. Fak. Dergisi, 15(3), 443-446.
• Nisbet C., Çoban AY., Taştekin B.investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of pine honeys from different of Turkey (2018): J Tradit Complem Med, 1(1),18-23
• Oliveira, MC de., Silva, DM da., Loch, FC., Martins,PC., Dias, D.M.B., Simon, G.A. Effect of bee pollen on the immunity and tibia characteristics in broilers (2013): Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avicola, 15(4), 323-,327.
• Proestos, C., Chorianopoulos, N., Nychas, G.J. ve Komaitis. M.,. RP-HPLC Analysis of The Phenolic Compounds of Plant Extracts. Investigation of Their Antioxidant Capacity And Antimicrobial Activity (2005): J. Agr. Food Chem, 23-53:1190– 1195.
• Seven, İ., Tatlı Seven, P., Sur Arslan, A., Yıldız, N. Farklı Yerleşim Sıklığında Yetiştirilen Japon Bıldırcınlarının (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) Performansı ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Rasyona Katılan Arı Poleninin Etkileri (2011): Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 8(3): 173-180.
• Siuda M, Wilde J, Bąk T. The effect of various storage methods on organoleptic quality of bee pollen loads (2012): Journal of Apicultural Science, 56(1):71-79.
• SPSS. Statistical package for the social sciences User’s guide. SPSS Inc. 2004. Chicago IL 60606–6412, USA.
• Szczesnat T. Proteın content and amıno acıds composıton of bee collected pollen organating from poland south korea and chına (2006): Journal of Apicultural Science, 50(2):91-99.
• Wang, J., Li, S., Wang, Q., Xin, B., Wang, H. Trophic effect of bee pollen on small intestine in broiler chickens (2007): Journal of Medicinal Food, 10(2): 276-280.
• Xiaozhi Xi, Jia Li, Shasha Guo, Yujuan Li, Fangxue Xu, Mengmeng Zheng,Hui Cao, Xiaowei Cui, Hong Guo, and Chunchao Han. The Potential of Using Bee Pollen in Cosmetics:a Review.J Oleo Sci. ,2018; 67 (9): 1071-1082.
• Yang K.,Wu D., Ye X., Liu D., Chen J., Sun P. Characterization of chemical composition of bee polen in china (2013): journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 61(3):708-718.