The Story of Labor: American Society and Politics in Ruth McKenney’s 'Industrial Valley'
Abstract
Ruth McKenney’s Industrial Valley (1939) is an American labor novel that portrays the encounters of rubber workers in Akron, Ohio, in the 1930s strike period. McKenney addresses the growth of American labor movement around the economic crisis, FDR’s New Deal regulations, and labor unions. She juxtaposes journalistic, literary and historical narrative styles in her portrayal of the time. The labor activism of the 1930s reflected workers’ neglected demands about wages, working conditions, and unionization. During the labor reform era, the struggle for organized labor between company unions, the American Federation of Labor and the workers triggered a strike period in the rubber and automobile industries. The labor efficiency methods and economic downturn resulted in periodical layoffs, rising unemployment rates, constant wage cuts, and low wages for workers. At this stage, sit-down strikes started to change the traditional view of unions and labor activism. This new peaceful organization of workers and unions opened a way to negotiate working conditions with employers. In this light, this article aims to present Industrial Valley as a microcosm of the struggles of the American working-class in the 1930s. As the article particularly underlines, McKenney’s labor novel provides an insight into the process leading to the Akron rubber strike of 1936, which transformed communication and interactions between workers, union organizers, employers, mass media, and the US government towards a mutual recognition of their claims and positions. The article provides a narrative analysis to McKenney’s docunovel by underlining the rhetorical uses of humor and irony, the hybrid journalistic-literary narrative, and the critical historical argument about the Akron rubber strike.
Keywords
Ruth McKenney, Industrial Valley, New Deal, union, Akron rubber strike
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