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The Themes and Images of Decay and Disease in Shakespeare’s Hamlet

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 110 - 121, 17.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.469147

Abstract

The setting of William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is fourteenth-century Denmark where the dramatist foregrounds themes
and images of decay and disease through visual and olfactory imagery in the state itself, the king’s court and nature.
Establishing the relationship between body politic and body natural, how the moral corruption of King Claudius, who
has murdered his brother, usurped the throne and married his wife, reflects upon the state of Denmark. In addition,
the physical, mental and moral corruption in characters such as Hamlet, Gertrude, Polonius, Laertes and Ophelia will
be examined in relation to the above-mentioned themes and images. Despite all the decay and corruption throughout
the play, the symbolic significance of the flowers Ophelia appropriately gives to the members of the court will be
analysed. Furthermore, how decay and disease in the state and in individuals impact nature will be posited.
Applying close reading, the play will be interpreted in relation to themes and images of decay and disease with the
aim of establishing how all these reflect upon the the socio-political condition of the court of Elizabeth I in the
very early years of the seventeenth century. 

References

  • Breverton, T. (2011). Breverton's complete herbal: A book of remarkable plants and their uses. Londra: Quercus Publishing. Erişim adresi: Google Books.
  • Dietz, S. T. (2015 ). Floriography today: The symbolic meanings & the possible powers of trees. Fayshoneshire. EPub Version. Erişim adresi: Google Books.
  • Edwards, P., ed., (1985). Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. New Cambridge edition. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Ellacombe, H. (2017). The Plant-lore and garden-craft of Shakespeare. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
  • Goody, J. (1993). The culture of flowers. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Grabau, L. “Hamlet Dramaturgy/Ophelia’s flowers.” Erişim adresi: https://hamletdramaturgy.wordpress.com/2013/02/20/ophelias-flowers.
  • Hansen, W. F. (1983). Saxo Grammaticus and the life of Hamlet. Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press, 1983.
  • Kerr, J. (1997). Shakespeare's flowers. Boulder, CO: Johnson Books.
  • Olderr. S. (1986). Symbolism: A comprehensive dictionary. 2 basım. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland Publishing.
  • “Rank.” (2018). Oxford English dictionary. Erişim adresi: http://www.oed.com/.
  • Ribner, I. (1960). Patterns in Shakespearean tragedy. New York: Barnes and Noble.
  • Riddle, J.M. (1998). Eve's herbs: A history of contraception and abortion in the west. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge UP.
  • Shakespeare, W. (1982). Hamlet. Çev. Bülent R. Bozkurt. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Spurgeon, C. (2004). Shakespeare’s imagery and what it tells us. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Thomas, V. ve N. Faircloth (2014). Shakespeare's plants and gardens: A dictionary. Erişim adresi: Google Books.
  • Thompson, A. ve Taylor, N. (1996) William Shakespeare, ‘Hamlet’. Plymouth, UK: Northcote House in Association with the British Council.
  • Webster, R. (2008). The Encyclopedia of superstitions. Woodbury, MN: Llewelleyn Publications.
  • Young, F. (2013). English catholics and the supernatural, 1553–1829. Londra ve New York: Routledge.
  • Tigner, A. L. (2012). Literature and the Renaissance garden from Elizabeth I to Charles II. Londra ve New York: Routledge

Shakespeare'in Hamlet Oyununda Çürümüşlük ve Hastalık İzlekleri ve İmgeleri

Year 2019, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 110 - 121, 17.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.469147

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı William Shakespeare’in on dördüncü yüzyılda Danimarka’da geçen Hamlet trajedisinde yazarın
vurguladığı çürümüşlük ve hastalık izlekleri yanında görsel ve kokuyla ilgili imgeler yoluyla başta devlet olmak
üzere, bireylerdeki ve doğadaki çürümüşlük ve hastalık imgelerini ele almaktır. Body politic (devlet) ve body natural
(insan bedeni) arasındaki ilişki ortaya konup, devletteki yozlaşmanın kral olan ağabeyini öldürüp, başa geçen ve onun
karısıyla evlenen Kral Claudius’daki ahlaki yozlaşmayla ne denli ilintili olduğu saptanmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra
Hamlet, Gertrude, Polonius, Laertes ve Ophelia karakterlerindeki bedensel, ruhsal ve ahlaki yozlaşmaizlekleri
çürümüşlük ve hastalık imgeleri yoluyla tartışılmaktadır. Oyundaki tüm çürümüşlük ve kokuşmuşluğa karşın bir
çiçek olarak betimlenen Ophelia’nın saraydakilere dağıttığı çiçeklerin simgesel anlamı üzerinde durulmaktadır.
Ayrıca, devletteki ve bireylerdeki yozlaşmanın doğadaki yansımaları örneklenmektedir. Yakın okuma yöntemiyle
anılan tiyatro oyunu metni söz konusu izlekler ve imgeler bağlamında yorumlanmakta ve Hamlet’in on yedinci
yüzyılın başında Kraliçe I. Elizabeth’in iktidarının son zamanlarında İngiltere’deki sosyo-politik ortamı bir ölçüde
yansıttığı ortaya konmaktadır. 

References

  • Breverton, T. (2011). Breverton's complete herbal: A book of remarkable plants and their uses. Londra: Quercus Publishing. Erişim adresi: Google Books.
  • Dietz, S. T. (2015 ). Floriography today: The symbolic meanings & the possible powers of trees. Fayshoneshire. EPub Version. Erişim adresi: Google Books.
  • Edwards, P., ed., (1985). Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. New Cambridge edition. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Ellacombe, H. (2017). The Plant-lore and garden-craft of Shakespeare. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
  • Goody, J. (1993). The culture of flowers. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Grabau, L. “Hamlet Dramaturgy/Ophelia’s flowers.” Erişim adresi: https://hamletdramaturgy.wordpress.com/2013/02/20/ophelias-flowers.
  • Hansen, W. F. (1983). Saxo Grammaticus and the life of Hamlet. Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press, 1983.
  • Kerr, J. (1997). Shakespeare's flowers. Boulder, CO: Johnson Books.
  • Olderr. S. (1986). Symbolism: A comprehensive dictionary. 2 basım. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland Publishing.
  • “Rank.” (2018). Oxford English dictionary. Erişim adresi: http://www.oed.com/.
  • Ribner, I. (1960). Patterns in Shakespearean tragedy. New York: Barnes and Noble.
  • Riddle, J.M. (1998). Eve's herbs: A history of contraception and abortion in the west. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge UP.
  • Shakespeare, W. (1982). Hamlet. Çev. Bülent R. Bozkurt. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Spurgeon, C. (2004). Shakespeare’s imagery and what it tells us. Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
  • Thomas, V. ve N. Faircloth (2014). Shakespeare's plants and gardens: A dictionary. Erişim adresi: Google Books.
  • Thompson, A. ve Taylor, N. (1996) William Shakespeare, ‘Hamlet’. Plymouth, UK: Northcote House in Association with the British Council.
  • Webster, R. (2008). The Encyclopedia of superstitions. Woodbury, MN: Llewelleyn Publications.
  • Young, F. (2013). English catholics and the supernatural, 1553–1829. Londra ve New York: Routledge.
  • Tigner, A. L. (2012). Literature and the Renaissance garden from Elizabeth I to Charles II. Londra ve New York: Routledge
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

A. Deniz Bozer 0000-0002-8434-6468

Publication Date June 17, 2019
Submission Date October 10, 2018
Acceptance Date December 6, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 36 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bozer, A. D. (2019). Shakespeare’in Hamlet Oyununda Çürümüşlük ve Hastalık İzlekleri ve İmgeleri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(1), 110-121. https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.469147


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