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“Turning Others’ Leaves”: The Politics of National Literary Identity in Renaissance England

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1302429

Abstract

The origins of the sense in Renaissance England for a distinct English literary identity may be traced back to Geoffrey Chaucer and John Gower in the fourteenth century. However, it was with the Elizabethan generation of writers and poets in the second half of the sixteenth century that this sense became a serious concern and constituted the essence of their literary politics at the time. In fact, at a time when political, ideological, cultural, economic, commercial, and colonialist nationalism was on the rise in Renaissance Europe, it would not be unusual for the Elizabethans to pursue radical policies of nationalism in every sphere, including most importantly the formation of a national literary identity. Accordingly, for the literati of the time, especially for the generation of Sir Philip Sidney, Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and their contemporaries, literary creativity and originality and, consequently, independence from foreign influence were to be prioritized and privileged over imitation and traditionality. Therefore, they increasingly turned away from the imitation of Continental literary norms and explicitly rejected Petrarchan populism; instead, they were involved in a deliberate and focused engagement in a process of theoretical and pragmatic politics for the creation of national literature. The new national literature they envisaged was not only to be authentic and native in identity but also to match up the intellectual standards of Renaissance humanism and literary performance at large. So this article is an analytical and argumentative attempt, with the main focus on Sidney and Spenser, to demonstrate in what ways and by what perceptions the Elizabethans were motivated for the formation of a national literary identity.

Project Number

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References

  • Buxton, J. (1966). Sir Philip Sidney and the English renaissance. Macmillan.
  • Buxton, J. (1965). Elizabethan taste. Macmillan.
  • Carron, J. (1988). Imitation and intertextuality in the renaissance. New Literary History, 19(3), 565-579. https://doi.org/10.2307/469089
  • Charlton, K. (1965). Education in renaissance England. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Cummings, R.M. (Ed.) (1971). Spenser: The critical heritage. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Dubrow, H. (1995). Echoes of desire: English petrarchism and its counterdiscourses. Cornell University Press.
  • Giamatti, A. B. (1966). The earthly paradise and the renaissance epic. PrincetonUniversity Press.
  • Elsky, M. (2001). Ben Jonson’s poems of place and the culture of land: From the military to the domestic. English Literary Renaissance, 31(3), 392-411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.2001.tb01194.x
  • Helgerson, R. (1978). The new poet presents himself: Spenser and the the idea of a literary career. PMLA, 93(5), 893-911. https://doi.org/10.2307/461777
  • Krailsheimer, A.J., (Ed.) (1971). The continental renaissance, 1500-1600. Penguin.
  • Lanham, R. A. (1972). Astrophil and Stella: Pure and Impure Persuasion. English Literary Renaissance, 2(1), 100-115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.1972.tb00992.x
  • McGovern, J. (1970). The rise of new economic attitudes - Economic humanism, economic nationalism - during the Later Middle Ages and the Renaissance, A.D. 1200-1550. Traditio, 26, 217-253. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0362152900004992
  • Mottram, M. (2013). Literature, locality and nation in recent renaissance studies. Renaissance Studies, 27(2), 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-4658.2012.00831.x
  • Patterson, A. (1986). Re-opening the Green Cabinet: Clémont Maro and Edmund Spenser. EnglishLiterary Renaissance, 16(1), 44-70.
  • Ryan, K. (2015). Shakespeare’s universality: Here’s fine revolution. Bloomsbury Arden Shakespeare-Bloomsbury.
  • Shoulson, J. S. (1999). Proprietie in this Hebrew poesy: George Wither, Judaism, and the formation of English national identity. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 98(3), 353-372.
  • Sidney, P. (1971). The defence of oesie. Scolar Press.
  • Sidney, P. (1962). The poems of Sir Philip Sidney (W. A. Ringler Jr, Ed.). Clarendon.
  • Spenser, E. (1966). Poetical Works. J.C. Smith & E. de Selincourt (Eds.), Oxford Standard Authors Series. Oxford University Press.
  • Umunç, H. (1995). Sidney’s sonnet 1: An epitome of his literary policy. Journal of English Language And Literature (Hacettepe University, Department of English Language and Literature), 3, 113-116.
  • Umunç, H. (1989). Sir Philip Sidney and literary criticism in renaissance England. Journal of Human Sciences, 8(1), 107-118.
  • Webbe, W. (1586). A discourse of English poetrie. Modern Humanities Research Association.

“Başkalarının Sayfalarını Karıştırırken”: Rönesans İngilteresi’nde Millî Edebiyat Kimliği Politikası

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1
https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1302429

Abstract

Rönesans İngilteresi’nde belirgin bir İngiliz edebî kimliği oluşturma düşüncesinin kökenlerini, ondördüncü yüzyıl şairleri Geoffrey Chaucer ve John Gower’a kadar sürdürmek mümkündür. Ancak bu düşünce, çok ciddi olarak, onaltıncı yüzyılın ikinci yarısında, Elizabeth I döneminin yazar ve şairler kuşağı nezdinde öne çıkan bir ilgi konusu olmuş ve onların edebiyat siyasetinin özünü oluşturmuştur. Aslında, Rönesans Avrupası’nda siyasal, ideolojik, kültürel, ekonomik, ticarî ve sömürgeci milliyetçiliğin yükselişte olduğu bir dönemde, Elizabeth I döneminde de özellikle millî bir edebiyat kimliğinin oluşumu dâhil, her alanda radikal politikalar izlenmesi olağan bir durumdu. Dolayısıyla, dönemin edebiyatçıları için, özellikle Sir Philip Sidney, Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare ve çağdaşlarının oluşturduğu kuşak için, edebî yaratıcılık ve özgünlük, nihayet yabancı etkilerden bağımsızlık, öncellenmeli ve taklitçiliğin ve gelenekselliğin önüne geçilmeliydi. Bu nedenle, Kıta Avrupası’nın edebiyat modellerinin taklidinden giderek vazgeçtiler ve Petrarca’ya olan aşırı rağbeti açıktan açığa reddettiler. Buna karşılık, millî bir edebiyatın yaratılması için, bilinçli ve odaklanmış olarak, kuram ve uygulamaya yönelik bir edebiyat siyaseti sürecini ortaya koydular. Ön gördükleri yeni millî edebiyat, sadece özgün ve yerli değil, aynı zamanda Rönesans hümanizmasının ve genel edebiyat üretiminin düşünsel standartlarına uygun olmalıydı. İşte bu makale, Elizabeth I dönemi edebiyatçılarının, millî bir edebiyat kimliğinin oluşumu için, hangi düşüncelerle ve ne gibi yöntemlerle hareket ettiğini irdeleyen ve tartışan bir çalışmadır. Bu amaçla, özellikle Sidney ve Spenser üzerinde durulmaktadır.

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References

  • Buxton, J. (1966). Sir Philip Sidney and the English renaissance. Macmillan.
  • Buxton, J. (1965). Elizabethan taste. Macmillan.
  • Carron, J. (1988). Imitation and intertextuality in the renaissance. New Literary History, 19(3), 565-579. https://doi.org/10.2307/469089
  • Charlton, K. (1965). Education in renaissance England. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Cummings, R.M. (Ed.) (1971). Spenser: The critical heritage. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Dubrow, H. (1995). Echoes of desire: English petrarchism and its counterdiscourses. Cornell University Press.
  • Giamatti, A. B. (1966). The earthly paradise and the renaissance epic. PrincetonUniversity Press.
  • Elsky, M. (2001). Ben Jonson’s poems of place and the culture of land: From the military to the domestic. English Literary Renaissance, 31(3), 392-411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.2001.tb01194.x
  • Helgerson, R. (1978). The new poet presents himself: Spenser and the the idea of a literary career. PMLA, 93(5), 893-911. https://doi.org/10.2307/461777
  • Krailsheimer, A.J., (Ed.) (1971). The continental renaissance, 1500-1600. Penguin.
  • Lanham, R. A. (1972). Astrophil and Stella: Pure and Impure Persuasion. English Literary Renaissance, 2(1), 100-115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.1972.tb00992.x
  • McGovern, J. (1970). The rise of new economic attitudes - Economic humanism, economic nationalism - during the Later Middle Ages and the Renaissance, A.D. 1200-1550. Traditio, 26, 217-253. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0362152900004992
  • Mottram, M. (2013). Literature, locality and nation in recent renaissance studies. Renaissance Studies, 27(2), 297-301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-4658.2012.00831.x
  • Patterson, A. (1986). Re-opening the Green Cabinet: Clémont Maro and Edmund Spenser. EnglishLiterary Renaissance, 16(1), 44-70.
  • Ryan, K. (2015). Shakespeare’s universality: Here’s fine revolution. Bloomsbury Arden Shakespeare-Bloomsbury.
  • Shoulson, J. S. (1999). Proprietie in this Hebrew poesy: George Wither, Judaism, and the formation of English national identity. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 98(3), 353-372.
  • Sidney, P. (1971). The defence of oesie. Scolar Press.
  • Sidney, P. (1962). The poems of Sir Philip Sidney (W. A. Ringler Jr, Ed.). Clarendon.
  • Spenser, E. (1966). Poetical Works. J.C. Smith & E. de Selincourt (Eds.), Oxford Standard Authors Series. Oxford University Press.
  • Umunç, H. (1995). Sidney’s sonnet 1: An epitome of his literary policy. Journal of English Language And Literature (Hacettepe University, Department of English Language and Literature), 3, 113-116.
  • Umunç, H. (1989). Sir Philip Sidney and literary criticism in renaissance England. Journal of Human Sciences, 8(1), 107-118.
  • Webbe, W. (1586). A discourse of English poetrie. Modern Humanities Research Association.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Himmet Umunç 0000-0002-5163-4121

Project Number Yok
Early Pub Date May 10, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date May 25, 2023
Acceptance Date July 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 41 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Umunç, H. (2024). “Turning Others’ Leaves”: The Politics of National Literary Identity in Renaissance England. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1302429


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