Amerikan Yaban Hayatındaki Eko-Göçebeler: Christopher McCandless ve Everett Ruess’in Oto/Bioyografilerinin Bir Analizi

Year 2024, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 332 - 348, 28.06.2024

Gülşen Aslan Uslu

https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.1421125

Abstract

Everett Ruess ve Christopher McCandless Amerika’da yaban hayatında maceralara atılan iki genç yaban hayatı gezginidir. Farklı dönemlerde yaşamalarına rağmen, geleneksel ve toplumsal olarak kabul görmüş yaşam tarzını geride bırakarak, doğaya duydukları sevgiden beslenen bir istekle vahşi doğada yolculuğa çıkmışlardır. Uygar dünyayla olan son bağlantılarını da yavaş yavaş kopararak, Amerika’nın vahşi doğasında özgürce dolaşan ve Fransız düşünürler Deleuze ve Guattari tarafından tanımlanmış yersiz-yurtsuz göçebelere dönüşmüşlerdir. Bu yolculukları ve toplum dışına çıkışları hem otorite karşıtı bir tavırken hem de doğada kendini keşfetme süreçleri olarak değerlendirilebilir. Ruess ve McCandless doğayı evcilleştirilecek ve hükmedilecek bir yer olarak değil, var olunacak ve ekolojik bilince sahip göçebelere, ya da kısaca eko-göçebelere, dönüşülecek bir yer olarak görmüşlerdir. Bu makale, McCandless ve Ruess’i eko-göçebeler olarak değerlendirir ve inceler. Bu iki gezgin üzerine yazılan oto/biyografik eserlerde görüldüğü üzere eko-göçebelerin, derin ve güçlü yaban hayatı ve doğa sevgisi çevreyle ilgili sorunlarla uğraşılan günümüz dünyasında, onu korumak adına örnek teşkil edecek yaşam hikâyeleri sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Everett Ruess, Christopher McCandless, yersiz yurtsuzlaşma, ekoloji, eko-göçebe

Eco-Nomads of American Wilderness: An Analysis of the Auto/Biographies of Christopher McCandless and Everett Ruess

Abstract

Everett Ruess and Christopher McCandless were two young wanderers setting on adventures in the American wilderness. Despite living in different decades, they showed a similar disdain for society and left behind their traditional and socially accepted lifestyles and journeyed into the wilderness with a drive fueled by their love for nature. Gradually cutting their ties to the civilized world, they turned into deterritorialized nomads, as defined by the French thinkers Deleuze and Guattari, wandering freely in the American wilderness. These journeys and their departure from society can be seen as both an anti-authoritarian attitude and a process of self-discovery in nature. Ruess and McCandless did not see nature as a place to be domesticated and dominated, but as a place to exist and become ecologically conscious nomads or, in short, eco-nomads. This article examines McCandless and Ruess as eco-nomads. The auto/biographical works written about these two explorers offer exemplary life stories to protect the environment in today’s world of environmental challenges.

Keywords

Everett Ruess, Christopher McCandless, deterritorialization, ecology, eco-nomad

Ethical Statement

The author declares no need for ethics board approval for the research.

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