Year 2026,
Volume: 55 Issue: 1
,
176
-
184
,
23.02.2026
Djaouida Achour
,
Hacène Belbachir
,
Abdelkader Bouyakoub
References
-
[1] M. Bilgin and S. Ersoy. Algebraic properties of bihyperbolic numbers. Adv. Appl.
Clifford Algebr. 30, 2020.
-
[2] F. Catoni, D. Boccaletti, R. Cannata, V. Catoni, E. Nichelatti and P. Zampatti.
The Mathematics of Minkowski Space-Time: With an Introduction to Commutative
Hypercomplex Numbers. Springer Science & Business Media 2008.
-
[3] A. Costa, P.M.M.C. Catarino, F.S. Monteiro, V.M.A. Souza and D.C. Santos. Tricomplex
Fibonacci numbers: A new family of Fibonacci-type sequences. Mathematics
12 23, 3723, 2024.
-
[4] H. Gargoubi and S. Kossentini. Bicomplex numbers as a normal complexified falgebra.
Commun. Math. 30, 2022.
-
[5] I.L. Kantor and A.S. Solodovnikov. Hypercomplex Numbers. Springer-Verlag 1989.
-
[6] S. Kossentini. Hypercomplex representation of finite-dimensional unital archimedean
f-algebras. Adv. Appl. Clifford Algebr. 34 (43), 2024.
-
[7] M.E. Luna-Elizarrarás, M. Shapiro, D.C. Struppa and A. Vajiac. Bicomplex numbers
and their elementary functions. Cubo Math. J. 14 2, 6180, 2012.
-
[8] M.E. Luna-Elizarrarás, M. Shapiro, D.C. Struppa and A. Vajiac. Bicomplex Holomorphic
Functions: The Algebra, Geometry, and Analysis of Bicomplex Numbers,
Birkhäuser 2015.
-
[9] S. Olariu. Complex Numbers in n Dimensions. North-Holland Math. Stud. 290 2002.
-
[10] P.O. Parisé and D. Rochon. A study of dynamics of the tricomplex polynomial $n^{p}+c$.
Nonlinear Dyn. 82, 157171. 2015.
-
[11] P.O. Parisé and D. Rochon. Tricomplex dynamical systems generated by polynomials
of odd degree. Fractals 25 (3), 1750026, 2017.
-
[12] A.A. Pogorui and R.M. Rodríguez-Dagnino. On the set of zeros of bicomplex polynomials.
Complex Var. Elliptic Equ. 51 (7), 725730, 2006.
-
[13] G.B. Price. An Introduction to Multicomplex Spaces and Functions, CRC Press 2018.
-
[14] D. Rochon and M. Shapiro. On algebraic properties of bicomplex and hyperbolic numbers.
An. Univ. Oradea 11 (71), 110, 2004.
-
[15] C. Segre. The real representation of complex elements and hyperalgebraic entities.
Math. Ann. 40, 413467, 1892.
A study on tricomplex polynomials
Year 2026,
Volume: 55 Issue: 1
,
176
-
184
,
23.02.2026
Djaouida Achour
,
Hacène Belbachir
,
Abdelkader Bouyakoub
Abstract
Tricomplex numbers are a generalization of bicomplex numbers. In this paper we detail a technic for finding the roots of tricomplex polynomials. We then generalize the process to multicomplex polynomials. We first consider the set of tricomplex numbers as a Bicomplex Module, then we view it as a $\mathbb{C}$-algebra and we reduce the working method to complex polynomials. We give an example to illustrate the different situations. We then calculate the set of all tricomplex $n^{th}$ roots of unity. Finally, for a multicomplex polynomial, we explain a reduction process ending to search roots in the complex field. Combining these gives the roots for multicomplex polynomials.
References
-
[1] M. Bilgin and S. Ersoy. Algebraic properties of bihyperbolic numbers. Adv. Appl.
Clifford Algebr. 30, 2020.
-
[2] F. Catoni, D. Boccaletti, R. Cannata, V. Catoni, E. Nichelatti and P. Zampatti.
The Mathematics of Minkowski Space-Time: With an Introduction to Commutative
Hypercomplex Numbers. Springer Science & Business Media 2008.
-
[3] A. Costa, P.M.M.C. Catarino, F.S. Monteiro, V.M.A. Souza and D.C. Santos. Tricomplex
Fibonacci numbers: A new family of Fibonacci-type sequences. Mathematics
12 23, 3723, 2024.
-
[4] H. Gargoubi and S. Kossentini. Bicomplex numbers as a normal complexified falgebra.
Commun. Math. 30, 2022.
-
[5] I.L. Kantor and A.S. Solodovnikov. Hypercomplex Numbers. Springer-Verlag 1989.
-
[6] S. Kossentini. Hypercomplex representation of finite-dimensional unital archimedean
f-algebras. Adv. Appl. Clifford Algebr. 34 (43), 2024.
-
[7] M.E. Luna-Elizarrarás, M. Shapiro, D.C. Struppa and A. Vajiac. Bicomplex numbers
and their elementary functions. Cubo Math. J. 14 2, 6180, 2012.
-
[8] M.E. Luna-Elizarrarás, M. Shapiro, D.C. Struppa and A. Vajiac. Bicomplex Holomorphic
Functions: The Algebra, Geometry, and Analysis of Bicomplex Numbers,
Birkhäuser 2015.
-
[9] S. Olariu. Complex Numbers in n Dimensions. North-Holland Math. Stud. 290 2002.
-
[10] P.O. Parisé and D. Rochon. A study of dynamics of the tricomplex polynomial $n^{p}+c$.
Nonlinear Dyn. 82, 157171. 2015.
-
[11] P.O. Parisé and D. Rochon. Tricomplex dynamical systems generated by polynomials
of odd degree. Fractals 25 (3), 1750026, 2017.
-
[12] A.A. Pogorui and R.M. Rodríguez-Dagnino. On the set of zeros of bicomplex polynomials.
Complex Var. Elliptic Equ. 51 (7), 725730, 2006.
-
[13] G.B. Price. An Introduction to Multicomplex Spaces and Functions, CRC Press 2018.
-
[14] D. Rochon and M. Shapiro. On algebraic properties of bicomplex and hyperbolic numbers.
An. Univ. Oradea 11 (71), 110, 2004.
-
[15] C. Segre. The real representation of complex elements and hyperalgebraic entities.
Math. Ann. 40, 413467, 1892.