Yaşlı Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri: Gereksinimler de Yaşlanıyor mu?

Year 2021, , 93 - 100, 31.03.2021

İrem Ayvat Azize Atlı Özbaş

https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.907936

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Yaşlanma süreci fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal değişimleri bünyesinde barındırır. Yaşlanma sürecinin beraberinde getirdiği psikososyal sorunlara uyum sağlamak durumunda olan yaşlı, sürece kanserin de eklenmesiyle zorlu bir yaşantının içine girebilmektedir. Hem yaşlı kanser hastası hem de yakınları için zorlu bir mücadeleye dönüşen bu süreçte, yaşlı kanser hastalarının benzersiz ve karmaşık ihtiyaçları ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında hastaların bakımında büyük yer kaplayan “destekleyici bakım” kavramı önem kazanmaktadır. Destekleyici bakım, hasta ve aileyi merkeze alarak, bütüncül bakımın sağlanmasını hedefler. Böylece, kanser hastalarının fiziksel olarak rahatlığı ve fonksiyonelliği yanı sıra sosyal, bilişsel, ekonomik, psikolojik ve spritüal iyilik halini arttırılmış olur. Destekleyici bakım, uyum süreci, bakım memnuniyeti ve yaşam kalitesi ile sıkı bir ilişki içerisindedir. Sağlık hizmeti ve iletişim, günlük yaşam aktiviteleri, cinsel ve psikolojik boyutlarını kapsayan destekleyici bakım gereksinimleri, sunulan hizmet, bireysel ve kültürel özelliklerle değişim gösterebilmektedir. Çok boyutlu, benzersiz ve karmaşık gereksinimleri olan bu özel grubun ihtiyaç duyduğu bakımı alabilmesi, bakımı verecek olan hemşirelerin sistematik ve kanıta dayalı yaklaşımları benimsemesi ve hasta ve ailesine işbirlikçi bir tutumla yaklaşması ile mümkün olacaktır. Bu derlemenin amacı, yaşlı kanser hastasının benzersiz ve karmaşık olabilen destekleyici bakım ihtiyaçlarını incelemek ve sağlık bakım vericilerin, yaşlı kanser hastalarının karşılanmamış bakım gereksinimlerini tanımaları ve ele almalarında yararlanabilecekleri metni Türkçe literatüre kazandırmaktır.

Keywords

İhtiyaç tespiti, kanser tedavi hizmetleri, sağlık hizmetleri gereksinim ve talepleri, yaşlılar için sağlık hizmetleri

Supportive Care Needs of Elderly Cancer Patients: Do Needs Get Older Too?

Abstract

The aging process involves physical, psychological, and social changes. The elderly, who have to adapt to psychosocial problems brought by the aging process, can get into difficult life with the addition of cancer to the process. The unique and complex needs of elderly cancer patients may arise in this process, which has turned into a difficult struggle for both the elderly cancer patient and their relatives. The concept of "supportive care", which takes a great place in patients' care, gains importance in meeting these needs. Supportive care aims to provide holistic care by centering the patient and the family. Thus, the physical comfort and functionality of cancer patients, as well as their social, cognitive, economic, psychological, and spiritual well-being are increased. Supportive care is in a tight relationship with the adaptation process, care satisfaction, and quality of life. Supportive care needs, including the dimensions of healthcare and communication, daily life activities, sexual and psychological, may vary with the medical service and individual and cultural features. This special group with multi-dimensional, unique, and complex needs will receive the care they need if the nurses who provide care adopt systematic and evidence-based approaches and approach the patient and his/her family with a collaborative attitude. This review aims to examine the supportive care needs of elderly cancer patients and bring a text to Turkish literature that healthcare providers can use to recognize and address the unmet care needs of elderly cancer patients.

Keywords

Cancer care facilities, health services needs and demands, health services for the elderly, needs assessment

References

• 1. United Nations. World Population Ageing 2017: Highlights. New York: Department of Economic and Social Affairs; 2017.
• 2. Bostan H, Doğan ÖS. Türkiye’nin demografik dönüşümü ve nüfus projeksiyonlarina göre firsatlar. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi. 2019;24(41):61-90.
• 3. WHO. The top 10 causes of death [Internet]. 2018 [Erişim Tarihi 10 Mart 2019]. Erişim Adresi: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death.
• 4.Overcash J, Momeyer MA. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Caring for the Older Person with Cancer. Seminars in oncology nursing. 2017;33(4):440-8.
• 5.Mohamed NE, Pisipati S, Lee CT, Goltz HH, Latini DM, Gilbert FS, et al. Unmet informational and supportive care needs of patients following cystectomy for bladder cancer based on age, sex, and treatment choices. Urol Oncol. 2016;34(12):531.e7-.e14.
• 6.Chasteen AL, Cary LA. Age stereotypes and age stigma: Connections to research on subjective aging. Annual Review of Gerontology & Geriatrics. 2015;35:99.
• 7.Moloney E, editor Ageing and Cancer: A complex relationship. Cancer Forum; 2014.
• 8.Sao Jose JMS, Amado CAF, Ilinca S, Buttigieg SC, Taghizadeh Larsson A. Ageism in Health Care: A Systematic Review of Operational Definitions and Inductive Conceptualizations. Gerontologist. 2019;59(2):e98-e108.
• 9. Perez-Zepeda MU, Cardenas-Cardenas E, Cesari M, Navarrete-Reyes AP, Gutierrez-Robledo LM. Cancer and frailty in older adults: a nested case-control study of the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice. 2016;10(4):736-42.
• 10. Bond SM, Bryant AL, Puts M. The Evolution of Gero-Oncology Nursing. Seminars in oncology nursing. 2016;32(1):3-15.
• 11. Boyes AW, Clinton-McHarg T, Waller AE, Steele A, D'Este CA, Sanson-Fisher RW. Prevalence and correlates of the unmet supportive care needs of individuals diagnosed with a haematological malignancy. Acta Oncol. 2015;54(4):507-14.
• 12. Henson KE, Brock R, Charnock J, Wickramasinghe B, Will O, Pitman A. Risk of Suicide After Cancer Diagnosis in England. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019;76(1):51-60.
• 13. White MC, Holman DM, Boehm JE, Peipins LA, Grossman M, Henley SJ. Age and cancer risk: a potentially modifiable relationship. Am J Prev Med. 2014;46(3 Suppl 1):S7-15.
• 14. Fadıoğlu Ç. Palyatif bakım. In: Can G, editor. Onkoloji Hemşireliği. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2015. p. 993.
• 15. Cancer Australia. EdCaN module: Module Five - Cancer supportive care principles [İnternet]. 2016 [Erişim Tarihi 13 Nisan 2019]. Erişim Adresi: http://edcan.org.au/edcan-learning-resources/entry-to-specialty-program/principles-of-supportivecare.
• 16. Jorgensen ML, Young JM, Harrison JD, Solomon MJ. Unmet supportive care needs in colorectal cancer: differences by age. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(6):1275-81.
• 17. Fitch M, Maamoun J. Unmet supportive care needs and desire for assistance in patients receiving radiation treatment: Implications for oncology nursing. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal. 2016;26(1):53-9.
• 18. Rutherford C, Mercieca-Bebber R, King M. Health-Related Quality of Life in Cancer. In: Olver I, editor. The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship: Springer; 2018. p. 109-25.
• 19. Klastersky J, Libert I, Michel B, Obiols M, Lossignol D. Supportive/palliative care in cancer patients: quo vadis? Support Care Cancer. 2016;24(4):1883-8.
• 20. Ashbury FD, Olver I. Cancer Symptoms, Treatment Side Effects and Disparities in Supportive Care. In: Olver I, editor. The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship. Second edition ed: Springer; 2018. p. 3-13.
• 21. Boyes AW, Girgis A, D’Este C, Zucca AC. Prevalence and correlates of cancer survivors’ supportive care needs 6 months after diagnosis: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC cancer. 2012;12(1):150.
• 22. Steer CB. Supportive care in older adults with cancer - An update of research in 2015. J Geriatr Oncol. 2016;7(5):397-403.
• 23. Kotronoulas G, Papadopoulou C, Burns-Cunningham K, Simpson M, Maguire R. A systematic review of the supportive care needs of people living with and beyond cancer of the colon and/or rectum. European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society. 2017;29:60-70.
• 24. Howell D, Keller–Olaman S, Oliver T, Hack T, Broadfield L, Biggs K, et al. A pan-Canadian practice guideline and algorithm: screening, assessment, and supportive care of adults with cancer-related fatigue. Current oncology. 2013;20(3):e233.
• 25. Ayvat İ. Ayaktan Kemoterapi Alan Kanser Hastalarının Karşılanmamış Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimlerinin Yaş Bağlamında İncelenmesi [Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi; 2019.
• 26. Lopez AJ, Butow PN, Philp S, Hobbs K, Phillips E, Robertson R, et al. Age-related supportive care needs of women with gynaecological cancer: A qualitative exploration. European journal of cancer care. 2019:e13070.
• 27. Puts MT, Papoutsis A, Springall E, Tourangeau AE. A systematic review of unmet needs of newly diagnosed older cancer patients undergoing active cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(7):1377-94.
• 28. Papadakos J, McQuestion M, Gokhale A, Damji A, Trang A, Abdelmutti N, et al. Informational Needs of Head and Neck Cancer Patients. J Cancer Educ. 2018;33(4):847-56.
• 29. Zhang T, He H, Liu Q, Lv X, Song Y, Hong J. Supportive Care Needs of Patients With Lung Cancer in Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study. The journal of nursing research : JNR. 2019;27(6):1-9.
• 30. Khoshnood Z, Dehghan M, Iranmanesh S, Rayyani M. Informational Needs of Patients with Cancer: A Qualitative Content Analysis. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP. 2019;20(2):557-62.
• 31. Özdemir Ö, Bilgili N. Sağlık hizmetlerinde yaşlı ayrımcılığı. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 2014;56(2):128-31.
• 32. Heidari H, Mardani-Hamooleh M. Cancer Patients' Informational Needs: Qualitative Content Analysis. J Cancer Educ. 2016;31(4):715-20.
• 33. Fang CY, Heckman CJ. Informational and Support Needs of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: Current Status and Emerging Issues. Cancers of the head & neck. 2016;1.
• 34. Ju YJ, Kim TH, Han KT, Lee HJ, Kim W, Ah Lee S, et al. Association between unmet healthcare needs and health-related quality of life: a longitudinal study. Eur J Public Health. 2017;27(4):631-7.
• 35. Carpenito-Moyet LJ. Hemşirelik tanıları el kitabı. Erdemir F, editor. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2012.
• 36. Wilkinson JM, Barcus L. PEARSON Hemşirelik Tanıları El Kitabı. Kapucu S, Akyar İ, Kormaz F, editors. Ankara: Pelikan Yayınevi; 2018.
• 37. Pergolotti M, Deal AM, Williams GR, Bryant AL, Bensen JT, Muss HB, et al. Activities, function, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of older adults with cancer. J Geriatr Oncol. 2017;8(4):249-54.
• 38. Schmidt AL, Lorenz RA, Buchanan PM, McLaughlin L. Evaluating the Needs of Patients Living With Solid Tumor Cancer: A Survey Design. J Holist Nurs. 2018;36(1):15-22.
• 39. Koll T, Pergolotti M, Holmes HM, Pieters HC, van Londen GJ, Marcum ZA, et al. Supportive Care in Older Adults with Cancer: Across the Continuum. Curr Oncol Rep. 2016;18(8):51.
• 40. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Older Adult Oncology [İnternet]. 2019 [Erişim Tarihi 28 Aralık 2019]. Erişim Adresi: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/senior.pdf.
• 41. Aapro M. Supportive Care in Elderly Cancer Patients In: Olver I, editor. The MASCC Textbook of Cancer Supportive Care and Survivorship. Second Edition ed: Springer; 2018. p. 83-8.
• 42. Shell JA. Sexualltiy. In: Langhorne ME, Fulton JS, Otter R, editors. Oncology Nursing (fifth edition). St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. p. 560.
• 43. Olsson C, Berglund AL, Larsson M, Athlin E. Patient's sexuality - a neglected area of cancer nursing? European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society. 2012;16(4):426-31.
• 44. Reyhan F, Özerdoğan N, Arik E. İhmal edilen bir konu: Yaşlılıkta cinsellik. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;27(1):76-9.
• 45. DeLamater J. Sexual expression in later life: a review and synthesis. J Sex Res. 2012;49(2-3):125-41.
• 46. Mahieu L, de Casterle BD, Acke J, Vandermarliere H, Van Elssen K, Fieuws S, et al. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward aged sexuality in Flemish nursing homes. Nursing ethics. 2016;23(6):605-23.
• 47. Perrig-Chiello P, Spahni S, Hopflinger F, Carr D. Cohort and Gender Differences in Psychosocial Adjustment to Later-Life Widowhood. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2016;71(4):765-74.
• 48. Akdemir N, Akkuş Y. Yaşlı kanser hastasına yaklaşım. In: Can G, editor. Onkoloji hemşireliği. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2015. p. 943-54.
• 49. Burhenn PS, McCarthy AL, Begue A, Nightingale G, Cheng K, Kenis C. Geriatric assessment in daily oncology practice for nurses and allied health care professionals: Opinion paper of the Nursing and Allied Health Interest Group of the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG). J Geriatr Oncol. 2016;7(5):315-24.
• 50.Fitch M, Zomer S, Lockwood G, Louzado C, Shaw Moxam R, Rahal R, et al. Experiences of adult cancer survivors in transitions. Support Care Cancer. 2018.