Hastanede Yatan Çocuklarda Malnütrisyon Gelişme Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 15 - 22, 08.04.2020

Hatice Pars Hasibe Kazancı Gülperi Söylemez Bayram

https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.715032

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı hastanede yatan çocuklarda malnütrisyon gelişme durumunu ve malnütrisyon gelişmesini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel olan bu çalışmada 80 hastanın nütrisyonel durumu Waterlow ve Gomez malnütrisyon sınıflama sistemi uygulanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Fiziksel ölçümler hastaneye yatış ve taburculuk sırasında, yaşa göre ağırlık (YGA), yaşa göre boy (YGB), boya göre ağırlık (BGA) ve beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) z- skorları ile hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çocukların %25’inin yatış sırasında z-skor indeksi -2’nin altında iken, taburculuk sırasında bu oran %31.2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda Gomez malnütrisyon sınıflama sistemine göre yatış sırasında çocukların %17.5’inde (%10 orta malnütrisyon; %7.5 ciddi malnütrisyon), taburculukta ise % 25.1’inde orta ve ciddi malnütrisyon tespit edilmiştir. Waterlow sınıflama sistemine göre ise yatış sırasında çocukların %20’sinde, taburculuk sırasında ise %28.8.’inde akut malnütrisyon saptanmıştır. BGA, YGA ve BKİ standart sapma skorlarında %3’lük azalma olan çocuklarda hastanede yatış süresinin daha uzun olduğu
belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Hastaneye yatış sırasında enfeksiyon varlığı, hastanede yatış süresi ve ailenin gelir durumu çocukta malnütrisyon görülme durumunu etkilemektedir (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Hastaneye başvuru ve yatış sürecinde malnütrisyon önemli bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Malnütrisyonun erken tanı ve tedavisinin sağlanması için hastanede yatan tüm çocukların nütrisyonel durumunun değerlendirilmesi oldukça önemlidir.

Keywords

Beslenme durumu, hastanede yatan çocuk, tarama araçları, malnutrisyon

Evaluation of Malnutrition Development in Hospitalized Children

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the development of malnutrition and the factors affecting it in hospitalized children.
Material and Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, nutritional status of 80 patients were evaluated using Waterlow and Gomez malnutrition classifications systems. Physical measurements were calculated by z-scores of weight-forlength/ height (WFL/H), weight for age (WFA), height-for-age (HFA) and body mass index–for–age (BMI) at hospital admission and at discharge.
Results: While 25% of the children had a z-score index below -2 at hospital admission, this rate was 31.2% during discharge. According to Gomez malnutrition classification system, moderate and severe malnutrition was detected in 17.5% of children (10% moderate malnutrition, 7.5% severe malnutrition) at hospital admission and 25.1% of children at discharge. According to the Waterlow classification system, acute malnutrition was found in 20% of children at hospital admission and 28.8% during discharge. The length of hospital stay was found to be longer in children with a 3% reduction in WFL/H, WFA and BMI standard deviation scores (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Malnutrition remains a major problem at admission and hospitalization process. All hospitalized children should be evaluated in terms of nutritional status in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition.

Keywords

Hospitalized children, malnutrition, nutritional status, screening tools

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