Pediatrik Kanserlerde Aile Merkezli Psikososyal Bakımın Önemi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 78 - 85, 08.04.2020

Melike Ayça Ay Kaatsız

Abstract

Pediatrik kanserlerde tedavi başarısının ve çocukların önündeki yaşam süresinin artışı erken ve etkin tedaviyi, en iyi hizmete erişimi, yaşam kalitesini, psikososyal bakımı daha da önemli hale getirmektedir. Hastalar için olduğu kadar hastaların etkileşiminin en yoğun olduğu aileleri için de zorlu bir deneyim olan bu süreç, ebeveynleri ve sağlıklı kardeşleri derinden sarsan travmatik bir deneyimdir. Çocukluk çağı kanserleri, diğer tüm hastalıklar gibi, fiziksel ve ruhsal anlamda olumlu sonuçların elde edilebilmesi için multidisipliner yaklaşılmasını gerektirir. Hasta çocuk ve ailesinde olumlu yönde psikososyal çıktıların elde edilebilmesi için, üyelerinin
her birinin hem primer hem destekleyici rollerinin olduğu bir takım çalışmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Hastalık tedavi olsa dahi normalliğin tekrar kazanılması uzun ve yorucu olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle aile merkezli psikososyal bakıma ihtiyaç vardır. Tanı aşamasından palyatif bakıma ve yas sürecine kadar aile bireyleriyle sağlık profesyonelleri arasında kurulan etkileşimin ve aile merkezli psikososyal bakımın hem hasta çocuğa, hem diğer aile bireylerine, hem de sağlık bakım ekibine olumlu yönde çıktılar sağladığı kanıtlanmıştır. Tüm sağlık profesyonellerinin yanı sıra ebeveynlerle yakın bir etkileşim içinde olan hemşirelere bu süreçte büyük rol
düşmektedir. İleri düzey rollerin kullanılarak aile içi iletişimin artırılması, sosyal desteğin sağlanması, baş etme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi ve sağlıklı kardeşlerin ele alınması sağlanmalıdır.

Keywords

Çocuk, ebeveyn, hemşire, kanser, psikososyal bakım

The importance of family centered psychosocial care in pediatric cancers

Abstract

Increasing of treatment success and life expectancy in pediatric cancers make early and effective treatment, access to the best service, quality of life and psychosocial care even more important. This process, which is a challenging experience for patients as well as for families, is a traumatic experience that gives parents and healthy siblings a deep shock. Pediatric cancers, like all other diseases, require a multidisciplinary approach in order to achieve positive results both physically and spiritually. In order to achieve positive psychosocial outcomes in the patient and his/her family, there is a need for a teamwork that has both primary and supportive roles for each of the members. Even if the disease is treated, recovery of normality can be long and tiring. Therefore, family-centered psychosocial care is needed. It has been proven
that effective interaction between family members and health care professionals by family-centered psychosocial care from diagnosis stage to palliative care and/or grief process provide positive outcomes to both the sick child, family members and the health care team. In addition to all health care professionals, nurses who interact closely with the parents have a major role in this process. Increasing inter-family communication, providing social support, improving coping skills and considering healthy siblings should be ensured by using advanced roles.

Keywords

Cancer, child, nurse, parent, psychosocial care

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