Hemşire İstihdamının Hasta ve Hemşire Sonuçları ile Organizasyonel Çıktılara Etkisi: Yataklı Tedavi Kurumlarında Hemşire İnsan Gücünü Planlama

Year 2015, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 69 - 80, 22.03.2016

Emine Türkmen

Abstract

Hastanelerde, kaliteli ve güvenli hasta bakımının sağlanmasında hemşire insan gücü önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalar, hemşire istihdamı ve hemşire çalışma ortamı özellikleri ile hasta, hemşire ve organizasyonel çıktılar arasında ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Hastanelerde hasta başına hemşirelik saati ile karma hemşirelik ekibi içinde eğitim düzeyi ve deneyimi fazla olan hemşire oranı yüksek ise bası yarası, infeksiyon gibi hasta çıktılarının da iyi olduğu bildirilmektedir. Olumlu hemşire çalışma ortamına bağlı olarak hemşire iş doyumu artmakta, hemşirelerde tükenme ve hemşire devir hızı azalmaktadır. Ayrıca, organizasyonel çıktılar olarak hastaların hastanede yatış süresi kısalmakta, hastaneye geriş dönüşü azalmakta ve maliyetler düşmektedir. Türkiye’de, mevcut hemşire insan gücü yapısı ile hasta, hemşire ve organizasyonel çıktıları ilişkilendiren çok az sayıda çalışma vardır. Bu makalede, hastanelerde hemşire istihdamı ile ilgili özellikler ya da ölçütler, hemşire istihdamının hasta, hemşire ve organizasyonel çıktılara etkisi ele alınacak ve ülkemizde konu ile ilgili mevcut uygulamalar tartışılacaktır.

Keywords

Hemşireler, hasta çıktıları, personel planlama.

The Relationship Between Nurse Staffing and Patient, Nurse and Organizational Outcomes: Nurse Workforce Planning at Acute Care Hospitals

Abstract

The nursing workforce plays an important role in providing high-quality and safe patient care in hospitals.  Studies have revealed that there is a relationship between nurse staffing, nurse work environment, and patient, nurse and organizational outcomes. Patient outcomes such as pressure ulcers and infections improve when there is an increase in nursing hours per patient and in the proportion of highly-educated and experienced nurses.  There is an increase in job satisfaction and a decrease in nurse burnout and turnover in positive nursing practice environments. Additionally, as for organizational outcomes, there is a decrease in the lengthof-stay at hospital and re-admission to the hospital. In Turkey, few studies have examined the relationship between nursing staffing and patient, nurse and organizational outcomes. This article reviews nurse staffing measures, the impact of nurse staffing on patient, nurse and organizational outcomes at hospitals related to the literature, and discusses nurse staffing practices in our country. 

Keywords

Nurses, patient outcomes, staffing.

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