Does Economic Growth and Development Affect Mental Diseases? Evidence from Developing and Least Developed Countries

Year 2023, , 432 - 452, 27.09.2023

Ömer Faruk Gültekin , İlyas Kays İmamoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.1186860

Abstract

While the process of economic growth and development reflects on societies as an increase in welfare, it can also lead to negative effects such as pollution and the emergence of some diseases. Population growth and the stresses and pressures of urban life also lead to an increase in mental diseases. The study aims to investigate the relationship between mental diseases and important development indicators such as income, population, and health in underdeveloped and developing countries. In the study, the Kuznets model was used to investigate mental diseases in 119 different countries for the period 1995-2019 using the variables of income per capita, life expectancy at birth, birth rate per woman, and number of people per square kilometer. In the estimation process, based on the results of the quantile regression test, it was found that there is a "U" shaped relationship between mental diseases and per capita income for many quantile levels. The turning point for mental illness about per capita income level was calculated to be approximately 2000 dollars for the average of different quantile levels. It can be said that developing policies for the risks caused by urban life and crowded populations in societies that strive for economic growth and development will provide advantages to countries in the process of reducing mental diseases.

EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE GELİŞME MENTAL HASTALIKLARI ETKİLER Mİ? GELİŞMEKTE OLAN VE AZ GELİŞMİŞ ÜLKELERDEN KANITLAR

Abstract

Ekonomik büyüme ve gelişme süreci toplumlara refah artışı olarak yansırken başta kirlilik ve bazı hastalıkların ortaya çıkışı gibi olumsuz etkilere de yol açabilmektedir. Nüfus artışı ve şehir hayatının getirdiği stres ve baskılar da mental hastalıkların artışına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, azgelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, mental hastalıkların gelir, nüfus ve sağlık gibi önemli kalkınma göstergeleriyle olan ilişkilerini araştımaktır. Çalışmada 119 farklı ülkede 1995-2019 dönemi verileriyle mental hastalıklar üzerinde kişi başına düşen gelir düzeyi, doğumda beklenen yaşam süresi, kadın başı doğum oranı ve kilometrekare başına düşen insan sayısı değişkenleri kullanılarak Kuznets modeli yardımıyla araştırılmıştır. Tahmin sürecinde kantil regresyon testi sonuçlarına bağlı olarak mental hastalıklar ile kişi başına gelir arasında birçok kantil düzeyi için “U” şeklinde bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mental hastalıkların kişi başına düşen gelir düzeyine bağlı dönüm noktası farklı kantil düzeyleri ortalaması için yaklaşık 2000 dolar olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ekonomik büyüme ve gelişme çabaları içerisinde olan toplumların, şehir hayatı ve kalabalık nüfusun neden olduğu risklere yönelik politika geliştirmelerinin mental hastalıkları azaltma sürecinde ülkelere avantajlar sağlayacağı söylenebilir.

Keywords

Ekonomik Büyüme, Ekonomik Gelişme, Mental Sağlık, Panel Kantil Regresyon Analizi

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