TÜRKİYE'DE SİYASİ KURUMLARA GÜVEN: KÜLTÜREL VE KURUMSAL AÇIKLAMALAR İLE "KAZANAN TAKIM" ETKİSİNİN ROLÜ

Year 2019, , 65 - 88, 27.03.2019

Güneş Ertan , Selim Erdem Aytaç , Ali Çarkoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.363402

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Siyasi kurumlara güven, demokratik toplumlarda hem mevcut
siyasal sistemin halk arasında uyandırmış olduğu genel tatmin düzeyinin bir
göstergesi olarak görülebilir hem de sistemin meşruiyeti ve iyi işlemesi için temel
koşullardan biridir. Bu nedenle, siyasi kurumlara güvenin düzeyini ve
belirleyicilerini anlamak, sosyal bilimcilerin karşısına önemli bir soru olarak
çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki seçmen yaşındaki nüfusu temsil etme
niteliğine sahip bir örneklem ile 2015 yılının sonlarında gerçekleştirilen
özgün bir saha araştırmasının verileri kullanılarak parlamento ve hükümete
güvenin bireysel düzeydeki belirleyicilerini incelemekteyiz. Bulgularımıza göre
bireylerin genel olarak hayatlarından ve ekonomik durumlarından memnuniyetleri,
kişilerarası güven düzeyleri, ve siyasal etkinlik algıları ile siyasal güven
arasında olumlu bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca iktidardaki AK Parti’nin
seçmenlerinin siyasal kurumlara olan güveni diğer vatandaşlara göre daha yüksektir.
Buna karşın, etnik ve dini azınlıklara mensup kişiler ile kentsel alanlarda
yaşayanlar görece olarak daha düşük siyasal güven duygusuna sahip
görünmektedir. Eğitim düzeyi ile siyasal güven arasında da negatif bir ilişki
tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

siyasal güven, Türkiye, kişilerarası güven, siyasi kurumlar

TRUST IN POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS IN TURKEY: CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL EXPLANATIONS AND THE “HOME TEAM" EFFECT

Abstract

Trust in political institutions
can be seen as an indicator of the level
of general satisfaction with the political
system in democratic societies, and it is
also one of the fundamental conditions
for the legitimacy and well-functioning of the
system. For this reason, understanding the level of
trust in political institutions as well as its
determinants is an important question facing social
scientists. In this study, we examine the
individual-level determinants of trust in parliament
and government in Turkey. Our data is based on
an original survey with 2.495 respondents fielded
between August 29 and November 29, 2015 on a
nationally representative sample from 68
provinces. Our findings indicate that there is a
positive relationship between political trust and
satisfaction of individuals with their lives in
general, with their economic circumstances, their
level of interpersonal trust, and perceptions of
political efficacy. In addition, supporters of the
ruling AK Party display higher trust in political
institutions. On the other hand, those belonging to
Kurdish and Alevi communities and those living in
urban areas seem to have relatively lower levels of
political trust. There is also a negative relationship
between level of education level and political trust.
Overall, both institutional and cultural approaches
to political trust have explanatory power within the
Turkish context. Moreover, in line with the
“winning team” argument, supporters of the
current government, who can be considered as the
winners of democratic contention, display higher
levels of trust towards political institutions. 

Keywords

Political trust, Turkey, interpersonal trust, political institutions

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