CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND TOLERATION IN THE NATION-STATE

Year 2017, Volume: 35 Issue: 3, 103 - 124, 29.09.2017

Bican Şahin , Peter Mentze

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.340709

Abstract

Bu makale, “ulus-devlet ve
liberal bir siyasal düzen arasındaki ilişki nedir?” sorusuna cevap aramaktadır.
Bu soruyu cevaplamak üzere ilk olarak, ulus, milliyetçilik, ulus-devlet; ikinci
olarak, genel olarak çeşitlilik, özel olarak da kültürel çeşitlilik; üçüncü olarak,
kültürel çeşitlilikten kaynaklanan çatışmaya bir cevap olarak iki farklı
liberal politika, yani çokkültürcülük ve hoşgörü kavramları sunulmaktadır.
Çalışmada, etnik ve kültürel farklılıklardan kaynaklı çatışma ile en iyi
liberal hoşgörü kavramı ile başedilebileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Liberal bir
perspektiften, etno-kültürel unsurlardan ziyade sivik unsurlara dayanan bir
ulus anlayışının liberal bir siyasal düzenle uyumlu olacaktır. Böyle bir
sivik/siyasi ulus kavramsallaştırması kültürel farklılıklara karşı,
etnik/kültürel ulus kavramsallaştırmasından çok daha fazla çözüm odaklı olacak
ve bu çalışmada savunulan hoşgörü kavramı ile uyum arz edecektir.  

Keywords

Çeşitlilik, milliyetçilik, ulus-devlet, hoşgörü, liberalizm

CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND TOLERATION IN THE NATION-STATE

Abstract

This
article attempts to answer a particular question: “what is the relationship between the nation-state and a liberal
polity?” To answer this question it first presents the concepts of nation,
nationalism, and nation-state; second, diversity in general and cultural
diversity in particular; third, two different liberal approaches to cultural
diversity, namely, multiculturalism and toleration as a response to conflict
that is caused by cultural diversity. It is argued that the conflict that is
caused by ethnic and cultural differences is best accommodated by the liberal
concept of toleration. Normatively speaking, from a liberal perspective, an
understanding of nation with more civic elements than ethnocultural elements
seems to be much more appropriate for a liberal polity. Such a civic/political
conception is much more accommodating towards cultural differences than
ethnic/cultural conception and in line with the view of toleration defended in
this paper.

Keywords

Diversity, nationalism, nation-state, toleration, liberalism

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