GİRİŞİMCİLİK EKOSİSTEMLERİNİ MEYDANA GETİREN FAKTÖRLERE AİT KAVRAMSAL ÇERÇEVENİN BİBLİYOMETRiK ANALİZ İLE TESPİTİ

Year 2020, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 33 - 57, 31.03.2020

Hakan Duman , Serkan Künü

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.526039

Cited By: 1

Abstract

İstihdamdaki artışlar, başta politika yapıcılar olmak üzere, toplumun her kesimi tarafından memnuniyetle karşılanmakta ve işsizliğe bir çare olarak girişimciliğin desteklenmesi amacıyla çeşitli çabalar içerisine girilmektedirler. Bir bölgede girişimciliğin desteklenmesi ile ilgili yeni yaklaşımlardan bir tanesi de “girişimcilik ekosistemi” yaklaşımıdır. Bu çalışmada Web of Science temel koleksiyonunda bulunan, İngilizce yayınlanmış 154 dergi makalesi, bibliyometrik yöntemle incelenmiş ve en etkili bulunan makaleler üzerinden girişimcilik ekosistemi ve bileşenleri üzerinde sentez bir kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmada incelenen literatür kaynakları, bir girişimcilik ekosistemi yaratmak ve geliştirmek için öncelikle KOBI ve serbest meslek sahipleri ile inovatif ve hırslı girişimcilerin birbirlerinden ayrılması gerektiğine, politikalarda elitist bir ayrımcılık uygulanarak hırslı ve yenilikçi girişimcilere ağırlık verilmesine işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

Girişimcilik, girişimcilik ekosistemi, inovasyon, bölgesel ekonomi

DETERMINING THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE FACTORS CONSTITUTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP ECOSYSTEMS BY BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

Increases in employment are welcomed by all segments of society, especially policy-makers, and are engaged in various efforts to support entrepreneurship as a remedy for unemployment. One of the new approaches to promoting entrepreneurship in a region is the entrepreneurial ecosystem approach. In this study, 154 journal articles published in English in the basic collection of Web of Science were examined with bibliometric methods and a conceptual framework was formed on the entrepreneurial ecosystem and its components through the most effective articles. The literature sources examined in this study point to the fact that SMEs and self-employed and innovative and ambitious entrepreneurs need to be separated from each other in order to create and develop an entrepreneurship ecosystem.

Keywords

Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ecosystem, innovation, regional economics

References

• Acs, Z. J., Autio, E., Szerb, L. (2014), “National systems of entrepreneurship: Measurement issues and policy implications”, Research Policy, 43(3), 476-494.
• Al, U., Tonta, Y. (2004), “Atıf analizi: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Kütüphanecilik Bölümü tezlerinde atıf yapılan kaynaklar”, Bilgi Dünyası, 5(1), 19-47.
• Aria, M., Cuccurullo, C. (2017), “Bibliometrix: An r-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis”, Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959-975.
• Audretsch, D. B., Belitski, M. (2017), “Entrepreneurial ecosystems in cities: Establishing the framework conditions”, The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(5), 1030-1051.
• Aulet, B., Murray, F. (2013), A tale of two entrepreneurs: Understanding differences in the types of entrepreneurship in the economy (Report), Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
• Autio, E., Kenney, M., Mustar, P., Siegel, D., Wright, M. (2014), “Entrepreneurial innovation: The importance of context”, Research Policy, 43(7), 1097-1108.
• Bahrami, H., Evans: (1995), “Flexible re-cycling and high-technology entrepreneurship”, California Management Review, 37(3), 62-89.
• Bischoff, K., Volkmann, C. K., Audretsch, D. B. (2018), “Stakeholder collaboration in entrepreneurship education: An analysis of the entrepreneurial ecosystems of european higher educational institutions”, Journal Of Technology Transfer, 43(1), 20-46.
• Boutillier, S., Carré, D., Levratto, N. (2016), Entrepreneurial ecosystems, e-book: Wiley-ISTE.  http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsebk&AN=1202063&lang=tr&site=eds-live&authtype=ip,uid (15/10/2017)
• Carayannis, E. G., Provance, M., Grigoroudis, E. (2016), “Entrepreneurship ecosystems: an agent-based simulation approach”, JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, 41(3), 631-653.
• Cohen, B. (2006), “Sustainable valley entrepreneurial ecosystems”, Business Strategy and the Environment, 15(1), 1-14.
• Feld, B. (2012), Startup communities: Building an entrepreneurial ecosystem in your city, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
• Feldman, M., Lowe, N. (2015), “Triangulating regional economies: Realizing the promise of digital data”, Research Policy, 44(9, SI), 1785-1793
• Feldman, M. P. (2014), “The character of innovative places: Entrepreneurial strategy, economic development, and prosperity”, Small Business Economics, 43(1), 9-20.
• Foster, G., Shimizu, C., Ciesinski, S., Davila, A., Hassan: Z., Jia, N., Morris, R. (2013), Entrepreneurial ecosystems around the globe and company growth dynamics: Report summary for the annual meeting of the new champions 2013 (Report), (D. Lee, Ed.), World Economic Forum.
• Holden, G., Rosenberg, G., Barker, K. (2012), “Tracing thought through time and space: A selective review of bibliometrics in social work”, G. Holden, G. Rosenberg, K. Barker (Ed.), Bibliometrics in social work (1-34), London: Routledge.
• Isenberg, D. J. (2010), “How to start an entrepreneurial revolution”, Harvard business review, 88(6), 40-50.
• Isenberg, D. J. (2011), “The entrepreneurship ecosystem strategy as a new paradigm for economic policy: Principles for cultivating entrepreneurship”, The Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project, http://www.innovationamerica.us/images/stories/2011/The-entrepreneurship-ecosystem-strategy-for-economic-growth-policy-20110620183915.pdf (25/05/2018)
• KOSGEB. (2014), Girişimcilik Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı (GİSEP) 2015-2018, https://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Content/Upload/Dosya/Mali%20Tablolar/Gisep_2015-2018_TR.pdf, (15/12/2018)
• KOSGEB. (2015), KOSGEB 2016-2020 Stratejik Planı,  https://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/Content/Upload/Dosya/Mali%20Tablolar/KOSGEBN%20Stratejik%20Plan/KOSGEB_Stratejik_Plani_(2016-2020).pdf (15/12/2018)
• Kshetri, N. (2014), “Developing successful entrepreneurial ecosystems Lessons from a comparison of an Asian tiger and a Baltic tiger”, Baltic Journal Of Management, 9(3), 330-356.
• Li, J. F., Garnsey, E. (2014), “Policy-driven ecosystems for new vaccine development”, Technovation, 34(12, SI), 762-772.
• Mack, E., Mayer, H. (2016), “The evolutionary dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems”, Urban Studies, 53(10), 2118-2133.
• Marshall, A. (1920), Principles of economics (8th ed.), London: Macmillan.
• Mason, C. (2006), “Informal sources of venture finance”, in C. Parker (Ed.), The life cycle of entrepreneurial ventures, New York (USA): Springer,  259-299)
• Mason, C., Brown, R. (2014), Entrepreneurial ecosystems and growth oriented entrepreneurship (Final Report), The Hague: OECD LEED Programme; the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs.
• Motoyama, Y., Knowlton, K. (2017), “Examining the Connections within the Startup Ecosystem: A Case Study of St. Louis”, Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 7(1)Neck, H. M., Meyer, G. D., Cohen, B., Corbett, A. C. (2004), “An entrepreneurial system view of new venture creation”, Journal of Small Business Management, 42(2), 190-208.
• Nicotra, M., Romano, M., Del Giudice, M., Schillaci, C. E. (2018), “The causal relation between entrepreneurial ecosystem and productive entrepreneurship: A measurement framework”, Journal of Technology Transfer, 43(3, SI), 640-673.
• Osareh, F. (1996), “Bibliometrics, citation analysis and co-citation analysis: A review of literature”, Libri, 46(3), 149-158.
• Pitelis, C. (2012), “Clusters, entrepreneurial ecosystem co-creation, and appropriability: A conceptual framework”, Industrial and Corporate Change, 21(6), 1359-1388.
• R Core Team. (2018), R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/ (24/03/2018)
• Roemer, R. C., Borchardt, R. (2015), Meaningful metrics: A 21st-century librarian’s guide to bibliometrics, altmetrics, and research impact. Chicago: Association of College; Research Libraries.
• Roundy, P. T. (2016), “Start-up community narratives: The discursive construction of entrepreneurial ecosystems”, The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 25(2), 232-248.
• Roundy, P. T. (2017), “Hybrid organizations and the logics of entrepreneurial ecosystems”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13(4), 1221-1237Saxenian, A. (2000), Regional advantage: Culture and competition in silicon valley and route 128. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
• Sengupta, I. N. (1992), “Bibliometrics, informetrics, scientometrics and librametrics: An overview”, Libri, 42(2), 75-98.
• Small, H. (1973), “Co-citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents”, Journal of the American Society for information Science, 24(4), 265-269.
• Spigel, B. (2017), “The relational organization of entrepreneurial ecosystems”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 41(1), 49-72.
• Spigel, B., Harrison, R. (2018), “Toward a process theory of entrepreneurial ecosystems”, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(1), 151-168.
• Spilling, O. R. (1996), “The entrepreneurial system: On entrepreneurship in the context of a mega-event", Journal of Business research, 36(1), 91-103.
• Stam, E. (2014), The dutch entrepreneurial ecosystem. Birch Research. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2473475 (17/11/2018)
• Stam, E. (2015), “Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: A sympathetic critique”, European Planning Studies, 23(9), 1759-1769.
• Stam, E., Spigel, B. (2016), Entrepreneurial ecosystems (Discussion Paper Series 16-13), Utrecht School of Economics.
• Subotzky, G. (1999). “Beyond the entrepreneurial university: The potential role of South Africa's historically disadvantaged institutions in reconstruction and development.”, International review of education, 45(5-6), 507-527.
• Thompson, T. A., Purdy, J. M., Ventresca, M. J. (2018), “How entrepreneurial ecosystems take form: Evidence from social impact initiatives in seattle”, Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(1), 96-116.
• Vogel, P. (2013), “The employment outlook for youth: Building entrepreneurial ecosystems as a way forward”, G20 youth forum: Social dimension (443-449), Saint-Petersburg, Russia: G8 & G20 Alumni Asociation.
• Zupic, I., Čater, T. (2015), “Bibliometric methods in management and organization”, Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429-472.