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BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM

Year 2021, Volume: 39 Issue: 4, 663 - 676, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.880553

Abstract

Bu makalede bilgi ekonomisini oluşturan aktörler ve kurumlar arasındaki ilişkiler oyun teorisi kullanılarak incelenmektedir. Böylelikle hem bilgi ekonomisini oluşturan üniversiteler, firmalar, bireysel girişimciler, bilgi işçileri ve bilim insanları arasındaki koordinasyon ve çıkar çatışmaları analiz edilmekte hem de yeni bilgi üretimi biçimlerine ilişkin eşgüdüm ve iş birliği sorunları incelenmektedir. Günümüzde, bilgi ekonomisine ilişkin tartışmalar bilginin büyük ölçekli kodifikasyonu ve fikri mülkiyetine dayalı teknolojileri (büyük veri, YZ, nesnelerin interneti vb.) içermektedir. Bu bağlamda veri-bilgi arasındaki fark ve bu farkın üretim organizasyonu üzerindeki etkileri yeni üretim biçimlerinin anlaşılması için önemlidir. Makale, bu gelişmelerin hem bilgi işçileri hem de yeni üretim biçimleri açısından önemli etkileri olacağını ve bilgi işçilerinin öneminin artmasının kurumsal yapı ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Akçomak, S., E. Erdil, T. Pamukçu (2016), Bilim, Teknoloji ve Yenilik, İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Alchian, A., H. Demsetz (1972), “Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization”, American Economic Review, 62(5), 777-795.
  • Antonelli, C. (2005), “Models of Knowledge and Systems of Governance”, Journal of Institutional Economics, 1(1), 51-73.
  • Arrow, K. (1962), “Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention”, in NBER The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors, 609-626. Reprinted in Lamberton, D. M. (ed.) (1971) The Economics of Information and Knowledge, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 141-159.
  • Benkler, Y. (2002), “Coase’s Penguin, or, Linux and the Nature of the Firm”, Yale Law Journal, 112, 3.
  • Benkler, Y. (2006), The Wealth of Networks, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Boldrin, M., D. Levine (2008), Against Intellectual Monopoly, http://www.dklevine.com/general/intellectual/against.htm
  • Bowles, S. (2006), Microeconomics, New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Braverman, H. (1974), Labor and Monopoly Capital, New York: Monthly Review Press.
  • Chang, H-J. (2001), “Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Development: Historical Lessons and Emerging Issues”, Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 2(2), 287-309.
  • Chang, H-J. (2002) Kicking Away the Ladder, London: Anthem.
  • Coase, R. (1937), “The Nature of the Firm”, Economics, 4(16), 386-405.
  • Coriat, B., F. Orsi (2002), “Establishing a New Intellectual Property Rights Regime in the United State: Origins, Content and Problem”, Research Policy, 31, 1491-1507.
  • Coriat, B., O. Weinstein (2011), “Patent Regimes and the Commodification of Knowledge”, LEM Working Paper Series, 2011/17.
  • Cowan, R., P. David, D. Foray (2000), “The Explicit Economics of Knowledge Codification and Tacitness”, Industrial and Corporate Change, 9(2), 211-253.
  • Dasgupta, P., P. David (1994), “Toward a New Economics of Science”, Research Policy, 23(5), 487-521.
  • David, P. (1993), “Intellectual Property Institutions and the Panda's Thumb: Patents, Copyrights, and Trade Secrets in Economic Theory and History”, in Global Dimension of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology.
  • Demsetz, H. (1967), “Toward a Theory of Property Rights”, American Economic Review, 57(2), 347-359.
  • Demsetz, H. (1969), “Information and Efficiency: Another Viewpoint”, Journal of Law and Economics, 12, 1-22.
  • Edquist, C. (1997), Systems of innovation, Linda: Pinter Publishers.
  • Elkin-Koren N., E. Salzberger (2013), The Law and Economics of Intellectual Property in the Digital Age, Routledge: Londra ve New York.
  • Epstein, A. R. (2009), “The Disintegration of Intellectual Property? A Classical Liberal Response to a Premature Obituary”, Stanford Law Review, 62, 455-522. Fisk, C. L. (1998), “Removing the Fuel of Interest from the Fire of Genius: Law and The Employee-Inventor, 1830-1930”, University of Chicago Law Review, 65, 1127-1198.
  • Fisk, C. L. (2001), “Working Knowledge: Trade Secrets, Restrictive Covenants in Employment, and the Rise of Corporate Intellectual Property, 1800-1920”, Hastings Law Journal, 52, 441-535.
  • Fisk, C. L. (2009), Working Knowledge, Chapel Hill: The Univ. of North Carolina Press.
  • Foray, D. (2004), Economics of Knowledge, Cambridge Mass and London, England: MIT Press.
  • Frischmann, B., M. Madison, K. Strandburg (2014), Governing Knowledge Commons, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Gürpınar, E. (2016), “Institutional Complementarities, intellectual property rights and technology in the knowledge economy”, Journal of Institutional Economics, 12(3): 565-578.
  • Heller, Michael A. (1998), “The Tragedy of the Anticommons: Property in the Transition from Marx to Markets”, Harvard Law Review 111(3), 622–688.
  • Hess, C., E. Ostrom (2011), Understanding Knowledge as a Commons, Cambridge Mass and London, England: MIT Press.
  • Hyde, A. (2003), Working in Silicon Valley, M. E. Sharpe.
  • Kealey, T., M. Ricketts (2014), “Modelling Science as a Contribution Good”, Research Policy (43), 1014-1024.
  • Kitch, E. W. (1977), “The Structure and Function of the Patent System”, Journal of Law and Economics, 20(2), 265-290.
  • Landes, W., L. A. Posner (2003), “Indefinitely Renewable Copyright”, Univ. of Chicago Law Review, 70(2), 471-518.
  • Lessig, L. (2004), Free Culture, US: Penguin Press.
  • Lundavll, B. A. (1992), National Systems of Innovation, London: Pinter Publishers.
  • Marglin, S. (1974) “What Do Bosses Do?: The Origins and Functions of Hierarchy in Capitalist Production”, Review of Radical Political Economics, 6, 60-112.
  • Maynard Smith, J. (1982), Evolution and The Theory of Games, Londra: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Merges, R. P. (1999) “The Law and Economics of Employee Invention”, Harvard Journal of Law and Technology, 13(1), 1-54.
  • Mokyr, J. (2002), The Gifts of Athena: Historical Origins of the Knowledge Economy, Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford.
  • Moody, G. (2001), Rebel Code: Inside Linux and the Open Source Revolution, Basic Books: New York.
  • Nelson, R. (1959), “The Simple Economics of Basic Scientific Research”, Journal of Political Economy, 67(3), 297-306.
  • Nelson, R. (1993), National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Institutional Analysis, London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Nelson, R., S. Winter (1982), An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, The Belknap Press of Harvard Univ. Press.
  • Orsi, F., B. Coriat (2006), “The New Role and Status of Intellectual Property Rights in Contemporary Capitalism”, Competition and Change, 10(2), 162-179.
  • Ostrom, E. (1990), Governing the Commons, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Ostrom E. ve C. Hess (2011), “A Framework for Analyzing the Knowledge Commons” in C. Hess and E. Ostrom. 2011. Understanding Knowledge as a Commons. Cambridge Mass and London, England: MIT Press, 209-245.
  • Ostrom, V., E. Ostrom (1977), “Public Goods and Public Choices”, in E. Savas (ed.), Alternatives for Delivering Public Services: Toward Improved Performance. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 7-49.
  • Pagano, U. (2007), “Positional Goods and Asymmetric Development”, in Yotopolus, P. and Romano, D. Asymmetries in Globalization, Routledge, 28-47.
  • Pagano, U. (2008), “Organizational rights in knowledge-intensive firms”, Mimeo, Universita di Siena.
  • Pagano, U., M. A. Rossi (2004), “Incomplete Contracts, Intellectual Property and Institutional Complementarities”, European Journal of Law and Economics, 18(1), 55-76.
  • Piore, M., C. Sabel (1984), The Second Industrial Divide, Basic Books: New York.
  • Polanyi, M. (1958), Personal Knowledge, Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.
  • Polanyi, M. (1967), The Tacit Dimension, London: Routledge.
  • Potts, J. (2018), “Governing the Innovation Commons”, Journal of Institutional Economics. 1-23.
  • Rosenberg, N., R. R. Nelson (1994), “American Universities and Technical Advance in Industry”, Research Policy, 23, 323-348.
  • Ryle, G. (1949), The Concept of Mind, Hutchinson’s Univ. Press.
  • Samuelson, P. (1954), “The Theory of Pure Public Expenditure”, Review of Economics and Statistics, 36(4), 387-389.
  • Scotchmer, S. (1991), “Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Cumulative Research and the Patent Law”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(1), 29-41.
  • Scotchmer, S. (2004), Innovation and Incentives, London and New York: MIT Press.
  • Screpanti, E. (2001), The Fundamental Institutions of Capitalism, London and New York: Routledge.
  • Stallman, R. M. (2002), Free Software Free Society, GNU Press: Boston.
  • Stokes, D. E. (1997), Pasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
  • Taylor, F. W. (1911), The Principles of Scientific Management, New York and London: Harper & Brothers.
  • Williamson, O. (1985), The Economic Institutions of Capitalism, New York: Free Press.
  • Zuboff, S. (1989), In the Age of the Smart Machine, Basic Books.

CONCEPTS, INSTITUTIONS AND POLICIES IN THE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY: A GAME THEORETIC APPROACH

Year 2021, Volume: 39 Issue: 4, 663 - 676, 29.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.880553

Abstract

This article examines the relationship between actors and institutions in the knowledge economy using game theory. By this way, both coordination and conflict between universities, firms, individual entrepreneurs, knowledge workers and scientists that form the knowledge economy, and cooperation regarding new forms of knowledge production are analyzed. Today, discussions regarding the knowledge economy include large-scale codification of information, and technologies based on intellectual property rights (big data, AI, internet of things etc.). In this context, the difference between data and information and the effects of this demarcation on the organization of production are crucial for understanding new forms of production. The article shows that these developments have important effects on both knowledge workers and new modes of production, and argue that increase in the importance of knowledge workers is directly related to the institutional environment.

References

  • Akçomak, S., E. Erdil, T. Pamukçu (2016), Bilim, Teknoloji ve Yenilik, İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Alchian, A., H. Demsetz (1972), “Production, Information Costs, and Economic Organization”, American Economic Review, 62(5), 777-795.
  • Antonelli, C. (2005), “Models of Knowledge and Systems of Governance”, Journal of Institutional Economics, 1(1), 51-73.
  • Arrow, K. (1962), “Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention”, in NBER The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors, 609-626. Reprinted in Lamberton, D. M. (ed.) (1971) The Economics of Information and Knowledge, Harmondsworth: Penguin, 141-159.
  • Benkler, Y. (2002), “Coase’s Penguin, or, Linux and the Nature of the Firm”, Yale Law Journal, 112, 3.
  • Benkler, Y. (2006), The Wealth of Networks, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Boldrin, M., D. Levine (2008), Against Intellectual Monopoly, http://www.dklevine.com/general/intellectual/against.htm
  • Bowles, S. (2006), Microeconomics, New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Braverman, H. (1974), Labor and Monopoly Capital, New York: Monthly Review Press.
  • Chang, H-J. (2001), “Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Development: Historical Lessons and Emerging Issues”, Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 2(2), 287-309.
  • Chang, H-J. (2002) Kicking Away the Ladder, London: Anthem.
  • Coase, R. (1937), “The Nature of the Firm”, Economics, 4(16), 386-405.
  • Coriat, B., F. Orsi (2002), “Establishing a New Intellectual Property Rights Regime in the United State: Origins, Content and Problem”, Research Policy, 31, 1491-1507.
  • Coriat, B., O. Weinstein (2011), “Patent Regimes and the Commodification of Knowledge”, LEM Working Paper Series, 2011/17.
  • Cowan, R., P. David, D. Foray (2000), “The Explicit Economics of Knowledge Codification and Tacitness”, Industrial and Corporate Change, 9(2), 211-253.
  • Dasgupta, P., P. David (1994), “Toward a New Economics of Science”, Research Policy, 23(5), 487-521.
  • David, P. (1993), “Intellectual Property Institutions and the Panda's Thumb: Patents, Copyrights, and Trade Secrets in Economic Theory and History”, in Global Dimension of Intellectual Property Rights in Science and Technology.
  • Demsetz, H. (1967), “Toward a Theory of Property Rights”, American Economic Review, 57(2), 347-359.
  • Demsetz, H. (1969), “Information and Efficiency: Another Viewpoint”, Journal of Law and Economics, 12, 1-22.
  • Edquist, C. (1997), Systems of innovation, Linda: Pinter Publishers.
  • Elkin-Koren N., E. Salzberger (2013), The Law and Economics of Intellectual Property in the Digital Age, Routledge: Londra ve New York.
  • Epstein, A. R. (2009), “The Disintegration of Intellectual Property? A Classical Liberal Response to a Premature Obituary”, Stanford Law Review, 62, 455-522. Fisk, C. L. (1998), “Removing the Fuel of Interest from the Fire of Genius: Law and The Employee-Inventor, 1830-1930”, University of Chicago Law Review, 65, 1127-1198.
  • Fisk, C. L. (2001), “Working Knowledge: Trade Secrets, Restrictive Covenants in Employment, and the Rise of Corporate Intellectual Property, 1800-1920”, Hastings Law Journal, 52, 441-535.
  • Fisk, C. L. (2009), Working Knowledge, Chapel Hill: The Univ. of North Carolina Press.
  • Foray, D. (2004), Economics of Knowledge, Cambridge Mass and London, England: MIT Press.
  • Frischmann, B., M. Madison, K. Strandburg (2014), Governing Knowledge Commons, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Gürpınar, E. (2016), “Institutional Complementarities, intellectual property rights and technology in the knowledge economy”, Journal of Institutional Economics, 12(3): 565-578.
  • Heller, Michael A. (1998), “The Tragedy of the Anticommons: Property in the Transition from Marx to Markets”, Harvard Law Review 111(3), 622–688.
  • Hess, C., E. Ostrom (2011), Understanding Knowledge as a Commons, Cambridge Mass and London, England: MIT Press.
  • Hyde, A. (2003), Working in Silicon Valley, M. E. Sharpe.
  • Kealey, T., M. Ricketts (2014), “Modelling Science as a Contribution Good”, Research Policy (43), 1014-1024.
  • Kitch, E. W. (1977), “The Structure and Function of the Patent System”, Journal of Law and Economics, 20(2), 265-290.
  • Landes, W., L. A. Posner (2003), “Indefinitely Renewable Copyright”, Univ. of Chicago Law Review, 70(2), 471-518.
  • Lessig, L. (2004), Free Culture, US: Penguin Press.
  • Lundavll, B. A. (1992), National Systems of Innovation, London: Pinter Publishers.
  • Marglin, S. (1974) “What Do Bosses Do?: The Origins and Functions of Hierarchy in Capitalist Production”, Review of Radical Political Economics, 6, 60-112.
  • Maynard Smith, J. (1982), Evolution and The Theory of Games, Londra: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Merges, R. P. (1999) “The Law and Economics of Employee Invention”, Harvard Journal of Law and Technology, 13(1), 1-54.
  • Mokyr, J. (2002), The Gifts of Athena: Historical Origins of the Knowledge Economy, Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford.
  • Moody, G. (2001), Rebel Code: Inside Linux and the Open Source Revolution, Basic Books: New York.
  • Nelson, R. (1959), “The Simple Economics of Basic Scientific Research”, Journal of Political Economy, 67(3), 297-306.
  • Nelson, R. (1993), National Innovation Systems: A Comparative Institutional Analysis, London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Nelson, R., S. Winter (1982), An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, The Belknap Press of Harvard Univ. Press.
  • Orsi, F., B. Coriat (2006), “The New Role and Status of Intellectual Property Rights in Contemporary Capitalism”, Competition and Change, 10(2), 162-179.
  • Ostrom, E. (1990), Governing the Commons, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Ostrom E. ve C. Hess (2011), “A Framework for Analyzing the Knowledge Commons” in C. Hess and E. Ostrom. 2011. Understanding Knowledge as a Commons. Cambridge Mass and London, England: MIT Press, 209-245.
  • Ostrom, V., E. Ostrom (1977), “Public Goods and Public Choices”, in E. Savas (ed.), Alternatives for Delivering Public Services: Toward Improved Performance. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 7-49.
  • Pagano, U. (2007), “Positional Goods and Asymmetric Development”, in Yotopolus, P. and Romano, D. Asymmetries in Globalization, Routledge, 28-47.
  • Pagano, U. (2008), “Organizational rights in knowledge-intensive firms”, Mimeo, Universita di Siena.
  • Pagano, U., M. A. Rossi (2004), “Incomplete Contracts, Intellectual Property and Institutional Complementarities”, European Journal of Law and Economics, 18(1), 55-76.
  • Piore, M., C. Sabel (1984), The Second Industrial Divide, Basic Books: New York.
  • Polanyi, M. (1958), Personal Knowledge, Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press.
  • Polanyi, M. (1967), The Tacit Dimension, London: Routledge.
  • Potts, J. (2018), “Governing the Innovation Commons”, Journal of Institutional Economics. 1-23.
  • Rosenberg, N., R. R. Nelson (1994), “American Universities and Technical Advance in Industry”, Research Policy, 23, 323-348.
  • Ryle, G. (1949), The Concept of Mind, Hutchinson’s Univ. Press.
  • Samuelson, P. (1954), “The Theory of Pure Public Expenditure”, Review of Economics and Statistics, 36(4), 387-389.
  • Scotchmer, S. (1991), “Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Cumulative Research and the Patent Law”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(1), 29-41.
  • Scotchmer, S. (2004), Innovation and Incentives, London and New York: MIT Press.
  • Screpanti, E. (2001), The Fundamental Institutions of Capitalism, London and New York: Routledge.
  • Stallman, R. M. (2002), Free Software Free Society, GNU Press: Boston.
  • Stokes, D. E. (1997), Pasteur's Quadrant: Basic Science and Technological Innovation, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
  • Taylor, F. W. (1911), The Principles of Scientific Management, New York and London: Harper & Brothers.
  • Williamson, O. (1985), The Economic Institutions of Capitalism, New York: Free Press.
  • Zuboff, S. (1989), In the Age of the Smart Machine, Basic Books.
There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Erkan Gürpınar 0000-0002-0419-1276

Publication Date December 29, 2021
Submission Date February 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 39 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Gürpınar, E. (2021). BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 39(4), 663-676. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.880553
AMA Gürpınar E. BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. December 2021;39(4):663-676. doi:10.17065/huniibf.880553
Chicago Gürpınar, Erkan. “BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 39, no. 4 (December 2021): 663-76. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.880553.
EndNote Gürpınar E (December 1, 2021) BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 39 4 663–676.
IEEE E. Gürpınar, “BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 663–676, 2021, doi: 10.17065/huniibf.880553.
ISNAD Gürpınar, Erkan. “BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 39/4 (December 2021), 663-676. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.880553.
JAMA Gürpınar E. BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;39:663–676.
MLA Gürpınar, Erkan. “BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 39, no. 4, 2021, pp. 663-76, doi:10.17065/huniibf.880553.
Vancouver Gürpınar E. BİLGİ EKONOMİSİNDE KAVRAMLAR, KURUMLAR VE POLİTİKALAR: OYUN TEORİSİ TEMELLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2021;39(4):663-76.

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