Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

COVID-19 Pandemic and Women

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 31.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.825346

Öz

The effects of the COVİD-19 pandemic, which caused great changes in the lives of people who started in 2019 and spread all over the world, continue. Pandemic process brought many changes in people's lives. In this process, there are also changes in health services for public and country health. Knowing the effects of the pandemic on gender while planning health services provides a more effective intervention by understanding the effects of the epidemic on individuals. Women are negatively affected in many ways in this process, with the majority of women in the healthcare sector in the pandemic process, disruptions in education and service status, and an increase in their caregiver roles.In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effect of pandemic process on females.

Kaynakça

  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). COVİD-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi. Ankara.https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID 19_Rehberi.pdf?type=file, Erişim tarihi: 19.05.2020
  • Akin L, Gözel MG. Understanding dynamics of pandemics. Turkish journal of medical sciences 2020;50: 515–519.
  • Wenham C, Smith J, Morgan R, Gender and COVİD-19 Working Group. COVİD-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak. Lancet 2020;395(10227):846‐848. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2.
  • Pellino G, Spinelli A. How COVID-19 Outbreak Is Impacting Colorectal Cancer Patients in Italy: A Long Shadow Beyond Infection.Dis Colon Rectum 2020;63(6):720-722. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001685.
  • Davies S, Bennett B. A gendered human rights analysis of Ebola and Zika: locating gender in global health emergencies.Int Aff 2016;92(5):1041–60. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12704
  • Mert EA. Covid-19 Salgını Sürecinde Farklı Yönleriyle Kadınların Durumu 2020. https://kockam.ku.edu.tr/covid-19-salgini-surecinde-farkli-yonleriyle-kadinlarin-durumu-asli-e-mert/ Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020
  • Covid-19 Gender Equality Global Adaptation and Response Framework https://reliefweb.int/report/world/covid-19-gender-equality-global-adaptation-and-response-framework.Pdf.Erişim Tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19)-China, 2020. China CDC Weekly 2020;2(8):113-122.
  • Boniol M, McIsaac M, Xu L, Wuliji T, Diallo K. Genderequity in thehealthworkforce: analysis of 104 countries.Geneva:WorldHealthOrganization 2019.
  • Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifinden Covid-19 2020. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkish_-COVID-19_A_Gender_Lens_Guidance_Note.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020
  • World Health Organization. Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence.2013.http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85239/1/9789241564625_eng.pdf. Erişim tarihi:19.05.2020
  • Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (KSGM) “Türkiye’de Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddet Araştırması” 2014. http://kadininstatusu.aile.gov.tr/data/542950d5369dc32358ee. Erişim tarihi: 19.05.2020.
  • Kadına Yönelik Şiddetle Mücadele Ulusal Eylem Planı. 2016. https://www.ailevecalisma.gov.tr/uploads/ksgm/uploads/pages/kadina-yonelik-siddetle-mucadele-ulusal-eylem-plani-2016-2020.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020.
  • Monteleone PA, Nakano M, Lazar V, Gomes AP, Martin H, Bonetti TC. A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020;24(2):219-225. doi:10.5935/1518-0557.20200030.
  • Schwartz DA, Graham AL. Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from (Wuhan) Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections.Viruses 2020;12(2):194. doi:10.3390/v12020194.
  • Qiao J. Whataretherisks of COVID-19 infection in pregnantwomen?.Lancet 2020;395(10226):760-762.
  • Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395:809–815.
  • The Lancet. The gendered dimensions of COVID-19. Lancet 2020;395(10231):1168. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30823-0.
  • Hall KS, Samari G, Garbers S, et al. Centring sexual and reproductive health and justice in the global COVID-19 response. Lancet 2020;395(10231):1175-1177. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30801-1.
  • Türkmen M,Özsarı A.Covid-19 Salgını ve Spor Sektörüne Etkileri.International Journal of Sport Culture and Science June 2020;8(2):55-67.
  • Yavuz K.Covid-19 Salgınının Sosyal Politikanın Geleceği Üzerine Etkileri.Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi.Nisan 2020;7(45):181-193.
  • World Health Organization.Coronavirus disease 2019 (‎COVID-19)‎: situation report, 72. World Health Organization.2020.https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331685. Erişim tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • Iyer M, Jayaramayya K, Subramaniam MD, Lee SB, et al.COVID-19: an update on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. BMB Rep. 2020;53(4):191-205.
  • UN Women.COVID-19: Emerging gender data and why it matters. 2020. https://data.unwomen.org/resources/covid-19-emerging-gender-data-and-why-it-matters. Erişim tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • Şimşek H. Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliğinin Kadın Üreme Sağlığına Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2011;25(2):119-126.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Gender and women’s mental health: Gender disparities and mental health: TheFacts. (2020b). https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/ Erişim tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • World HealthOrganization (WHO). State of the World’s Nursing (Report). (2020d). https://www.who.int/publications-detail/nursing-report-2020. Erişim Tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • Kaya B. Pandeminin ruh sağlığına etkileri. J ClinPsy 2020; 23(2): 123-124.
  • Ahmed MZ, Ahmed O, Aibao Z, Hanbin S,et al. Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated Psychological Problems. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102092.
  • Türkiye Çocuk ve Genç Psikiyatrisi Derneği. Covid-19 (Korona) Virüs Salgını Sırasında Aile, Çocuk ve Ergenlere Yönelik Psikososyal ve Ruhsal Destek Rehberi .2020.https://www.ankara.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2020/03/cogepdercovid-19 rehberi 30 mart 2020.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020
  • Yıldız İ, Çıkrıkçılı U, Yüksel Ş. Karantinanın Ruhsal Etkileri ve Koruyucu Önlemler https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/TPDData/Uploads/files/KarantinaCOVID.pdf. ErişimTarhi:21.05.2020
  • Öztekin EÖ. İzolasyonda Yaşamak. 2020 https://klinikpsikologozencertanoztekin.com/2020/03/25/izolasyonda-yasamak/ Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020.
  • Center for th Study of Traumatic Stress.Psychological Effects of Quarantine During the Coronavirus Outbreak: What Healthcare Providers Need to Know. https://www.cstsonline.org/assets/media/documents/CSTS_FS_Psychological_Effects_Quarantine_During_Coronavirus_Outbreak_Providers.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:19.05.2020.
  • Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği Ruhsal Travma ve Afet Çalışma Birimi. Karantinanın ruhsaletkilerivekoruyucuönlemler.https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/TPDData/Uploads/files/ Karantina COVID.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020.
  • Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y et al. Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • Ekiz T, Ilıman E, Dönmez E. Bireylerin Sağlık Anksiyetesi Düzeyleri ile Covıd-19 Salgını Kontrol Algısının Karşılaştırılması.Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi 2020;6(1):139-154.
  • Foa EB, Street GP. Women and traumatic events. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl. 17):29–34.
  • Taylor MR, Agho KE, Stevens GJ, Raphael B. Factors influencing psychological distress during a disease epidemic: data from Australia's first outbreak of equine influenza. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:347. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-347.
  • Zhang WR, Wang K, Yin L, et al. Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China.Psychother Psychosom.2020;1‐9. doi:10.1159/000507639.
  • Kwok KO, Li KK, Chan HHH et al. Community Responses during Early Phase of COVID-19 Epidemic,Hong Kong.Emerg Infect Dis 2020;26(7). doi:10.3201/eid2607.200500.
  • Wang C, Pan R, Wan X et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729.
  • Wheaton MG, Abramowitz JS, Berman NC, Fabricant LE, Olatunji BO. Psychological Predictors of Anxiety in Response to The H1N1 (SwineFlu) Pandemic. Cognitive Therapy and Research 2012; 36(3): 210- 218.
  • Li S,Wang Y, Xue J Zhao N, Zhu T. The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo Users. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020;17(6):2020-2032.

COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİ ve KADINLAR

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 31.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.825346

Öz

2019 yılında başlayan ve Dünya geneline yayılan, insanların hayatlarında büyük değişimlere neden olan COVİD-19 pandemisinin etkileri sürmektedir. Pandemi süreci insanların yaşamlarında birçok değişikliği beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu süreçte toplum ve ülke sağlığı için sağlık hizmetlerinde de değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Sağlık hizmetlerindeki planlamalar yapılırken pandeminin cinsiyet üzerindeki etkilerinin bilinmesi salgının bireyler üzerine etkilerini anlayarak daha etkili bir müdahelenin oluşmasını sağlar. Pandemi sürecinde sağlık sektöründe kadınların çoğunluğu oluşturması, eğitim ve hizmet alma durumlarında aksamalar ve bakım verici rollerinde artış yaşamaları kadınları birçok yönden olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu makalede pandemi sürecinin kadınlar üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). COVİD-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi. Ankara.https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID 19_Rehberi.pdf?type=file, Erişim tarihi: 19.05.2020
  • Akin L, Gözel MG. Understanding dynamics of pandemics. Turkish journal of medical sciences 2020;50: 515–519.
  • Wenham C, Smith J, Morgan R, Gender and COVİD-19 Working Group. COVİD-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak. Lancet 2020;395(10227):846‐848. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30526-2.
  • Pellino G, Spinelli A. How COVID-19 Outbreak Is Impacting Colorectal Cancer Patients in Italy: A Long Shadow Beyond Infection.Dis Colon Rectum 2020;63(6):720-722. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001685.
  • Davies S, Bennett B. A gendered human rights analysis of Ebola and Zika: locating gender in global health emergencies.Int Aff 2016;92(5):1041–60. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12704
  • Mert EA. Covid-19 Salgını Sürecinde Farklı Yönleriyle Kadınların Durumu 2020. https://kockam.ku.edu.tr/covid-19-salgini-surecinde-farkli-yonleriyle-kadinlarin-durumu-asli-e-mert/ Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020
  • Covid-19 Gender Equality Global Adaptation and Response Framework https://reliefweb.int/report/world/covid-19-gender-equality-global-adaptation-and-response-framework.Pdf.Erişim Tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19)-China, 2020. China CDC Weekly 2020;2(8):113-122.
  • Boniol M, McIsaac M, Xu L, Wuliji T, Diallo K. Genderequity in thehealthworkforce: analysis of 104 countries.Geneva:WorldHealthOrganization 2019.
  • Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifinden Covid-19 2020. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkish_-COVID-19_A_Gender_Lens_Guidance_Note.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020
  • World Health Organization. Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence.2013.http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85239/1/9789241564625_eng.pdf. Erişim tarihi:19.05.2020
  • Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (KSGM) “Türkiye’de Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddet Araştırması” 2014. http://kadininstatusu.aile.gov.tr/data/542950d5369dc32358ee. Erişim tarihi: 19.05.2020.
  • Kadına Yönelik Şiddetle Mücadele Ulusal Eylem Planı. 2016. https://www.ailevecalisma.gov.tr/uploads/ksgm/uploads/pages/kadina-yonelik-siddetle-mucadele-ulusal-eylem-plani-2016-2020.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020.
  • Monteleone PA, Nakano M, Lazar V, Gomes AP, Martin H, Bonetti TC. A review of initial data on pregnancy during the COVID-19 outbreak: implications for assisted reproductive treatments. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020;24(2):219-225. doi:10.5935/1518-0557.20200030.
  • Schwartz DA, Graham AL. Potential Maternal and Infant Outcomes from (Wuhan) Coronavirus 2019-nCoV Infecting Pregnant Women: Lessons from SARS, MERS, and Other Human Coronavirus Infections.Viruses 2020;12(2):194. doi:10.3390/v12020194.
  • Qiao J. Whataretherisks of COVID-19 infection in pregnantwomen?.Lancet 2020;395(10226):760-762.
  • Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395:809–815.
  • The Lancet. The gendered dimensions of COVID-19. Lancet 2020;395(10231):1168. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30823-0.
  • Hall KS, Samari G, Garbers S, et al. Centring sexual and reproductive health and justice in the global COVID-19 response. Lancet 2020;395(10231):1175-1177. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30801-1.
  • Türkmen M,Özsarı A.Covid-19 Salgını ve Spor Sektörüne Etkileri.International Journal of Sport Culture and Science June 2020;8(2):55-67.
  • Yavuz K.Covid-19 Salgınının Sosyal Politikanın Geleceği Üzerine Etkileri.Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi.Nisan 2020;7(45):181-193.
  • World Health Organization.Coronavirus disease 2019 (‎COVID-19)‎: situation report, 72. World Health Organization.2020.https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/331685. Erişim tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • Iyer M, Jayaramayya K, Subramaniam MD, Lee SB, et al.COVID-19: an update on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. BMB Rep. 2020;53(4):191-205.
  • UN Women.COVID-19: Emerging gender data and why it matters. 2020. https://data.unwomen.org/resources/covid-19-emerging-gender-data-and-why-it-matters. Erişim tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • Şimşek H. Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliğinin Kadın Üreme Sağlığına Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği. DEÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2011;25(2):119-126.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Gender and women’s mental health: Gender disparities and mental health: TheFacts. (2020b). https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/ Erişim tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • World HealthOrganization (WHO). State of the World’s Nursing (Report). (2020d). https://www.who.int/publications-detail/nursing-report-2020. Erişim Tarihi: 21.05.2020
  • Kaya B. Pandeminin ruh sağlığına etkileri. J ClinPsy 2020; 23(2): 123-124.
  • Ahmed MZ, Ahmed O, Aibao Z, Hanbin S,et al. Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated Psychological Problems. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102092.
  • Türkiye Çocuk ve Genç Psikiyatrisi Derneği. Covid-19 (Korona) Virüs Salgını Sırasında Aile, Çocuk ve Ergenlere Yönelik Psikososyal ve Ruhsal Destek Rehberi .2020.https://www.ankara.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2020/03/cogepdercovid-19 rehberi 30 mart 2020.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020
  • Yıldız İ, Çıkrıkçılı U, Yüksel Ş. Karantinanın Ruhsal Etkileri ve Koruyucu Önlemler https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/TPDData/Uploads/files/KarantinaCOVID.pdf. ErişimTarhi:21.05.2020
  • Öztekin EÖ. İzolasyonda Yaşamak. 2020 https://klinikpsikologozencertanoztekin.com/2020/03/25/izolasyonda-yasamak/ Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020.
  • Center for th Study of Traumatic Stress.Psychological Effects of Quarantine During the Coronavirus Outbreak: What Healthcare Providers Need to Know. https://www.cstsonline.org/assets/media/documents/CSTS_FS_Psychological_Effects_Quarantine_During_Coronavirus_Outbreak_Providers.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:19.05.2020.
  • Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği Ruhsal Travma ve Afet Çalışma Birimi. Karantinanın ruhsaletkilerivekoruyucuönlemler.https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/TPDData/Uploads/files/ Karantina COVID.pdf. Erişim Tarihi:21.05.2020.
  • Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y et al. Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • Ekiz T, Ilıman E, Dönmez E. Bireylerin Sağlık Anksiyetesi Düzeyleri ile Covıd-19 Salgını Kontrol Algısının Karşılaştırılması.Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi 2020;6(1):139-154.
  • Foa EB, Street GP. Women and traumatic events. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl. 17):29–34.
  • Taylor MR, Agho KE, Stevens GJ, Raphael B. Factors influencing psychological distress during a disease epidemic: data from Australia's first outbreak of equine influenza. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:347. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-347.
  • Zhang WR, Wang K, Yin L, et al. Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China.Psychother Psychosom.2020;1‐9. doi:10.1159/000507639.
  • Kwok KO, Li KK, Chan HHH et al. Community Responses during Early Phase of COVID-19 Epidemic,Hong Kong.Emerg Infect Dis 2020;26(7). doi:10.3201/eid2607.200500.
  • Wang C, Pan R, Wan X et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729.
  • Wheaton MG, Abramowitz JS, Berman NC, Fabricant LE, Olatunji BO. Psychological Predictors of Anxiety in Response to The H1N1 (SwineFlu) Pandemic. Cognitive Therapy and Research 2012; 36(3): 210- 218.
  • Li S,Wang Y, Xue J Zhao N, Zhu T. The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic Declaration on Psychological Consequences: A Study on Active Weibo Users. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020;17(6):2020-2032.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Esra Ünal 0000-0002-2255-0447

Derya Atik 0000-0002-8497-0105

Ebru Gözüyeşil 0000-0002-9193-2182

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Kasım 2020
Kabul Tarihi 8 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Ünal E, Atik D, Gözüyeşil E. COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİ ve KADINLAR. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;4(1):1-8.

Cited By